Abstract:
Methods and apparatus utilize a rate of drop in pressure upstream of a gas flow controller (GFC) to accurately measure a rate of flow through the GFC. Measurement of the gas flow through the many gas flow controllers in production use today is enabled, without requiring any special or sophisticated pressure regulators or other special components. Various provisions ensure that none of the changes in pressure that occur during or after the measurement perturb the constant flow of gas through the GFC under test.
Abstract:
A lighting assembly for liquid crystal alignment is disclosed. The lighting assembly includes a light guiding plate and a light source. The light guiding plate is made by quartz glass. The light guiding plate includes a light emitting surface, a light incident surface adjacent to the light emitting surface, and a bottom surface opposite to the light emitting surface. The light source faces toward the light incident surface of the light guiding plate. The light guiding plate contains a hydroxyl group in an amount less than or equal to 100 ppm. As the light source faces toward the light incident surface of the light guiding plate, the number of the light source may be reduced so that the light utilization rate is enhanced.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus utilize a rate of drop in pressure upstream of a gas flow controller (GFC) to accurately measure a rate of flow through the GFC. Measurement of the gas flow through the many gas flow controllers in production use today is enabled, without requiring any special or sophisticated pressure regulators or other special components. Various provisions ensure that none of the changes in pressure that occur during or after the measurement perturb the constant flow of gas through the GFC under test. A pressure regulator is coupled to a gas source. The GFC is positioned downstream of the pressure regulator. A pressure transducer is measuring pressure in a volume between the pressure regulator and the GFC, wherein means are provided for increasing the pressure in the volume.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus utilize a rate of drop in pressure upstream of a gas flow controller (GFC) to accurately measure a rate of flow through the GFC. Measurement of the gas flow through the many gas flow controllers in production use today is enabled, without requiring any special or sophisticated pressure regulators or other special components. Various provisions ensure that none of the changes in pressure that occur during or after the measurement perturb the constant flow of gas through the GFC under test.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus utilize a rate of drop in pressure upstream of a gas flow controller (GFC) to accurately measure a rate of flow through the GFC. Measurement of the gas flow through the many gas flow controllers in production use today is enabled, without requiring any special or sophisticated pressure regulators or other special components. Various provisions ensure that none of the changes in pressure that occur during or after the measurement perturb the constant flow of gas through the GFC under test.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus utilize a rate of drop in pressure upstream of a gas flow controller (GFC) to accurately measure a rate of flow through the GFC. Measurement of the gas flow through the many gas flow controllers in production use today is enabled, without requiring any special or sophisticated pressure regulators or other special components. Various provisions ensure that none of the changes in pressure that occur during or after the measurement perturb the constant flow of gas through the GFC under test. A pressure regulator is coupled to a gas source. The GFC is positioned downstream of the pressure regulator. A pressure transducer is measuring pressure in a volume between the pressure regulator and the GFC. Techniques are provided for increasing the pressure in the volume.
Abstract:
The manufacturing device for a liquid crystal panel which has a non-displaying area includes a two-dimensional code generating module configured for generating a rectangle-shaped two-dimensional code according to an amount of the data needed to be represented and a two-dimensional forming module configured for forming a photomask according to a figure of the rectangle-shaped two-dimensional code and forming the rectangle-shaped two-dimensional code on the non-displaying area of the liquid crystal panel. With the manufacturing device of the present disclosure, the rectangle-shaped two-dimensional code can be formed on the non-displaying area of the present disclosure. The width of the rectangle-shaped two-dimensional code is less than that of the present square-shaped two-dimensional code used for representing the same data, thus, the width of the non-displaying area can be reduced without reducing the area of the two-dimensional code to allow the liquid crystal display to have a narrow frame.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for self-calibrating control of gas flow. The gas flow rate is initially set by controlling, to a high degree of precision, the amount of opening of a flow restriction, where the design of the apparatus containing the flow restriction lends itself to achieving high precision. The gas flow rate is then measured by a pressure rate-of-drop upstream of the flow restriction, and the amount of flow restriction opening is adjusted, if need be, to obtain exactly the desired flow.