摘要:
An ultrasonic oscillation is applied in the neighborhood of one end of a guide member for supporting and guiding a powder, so that a transverse proceeding wave is generated in the guide member. The powder moves from the other end of the guide member toward a position of the applied ultrasonic oscillation under the action of this proceeding wave.
摘要:
A developing apparatus is provided with a container for containing a developer having magnetic particles. A rotatable member is rotatable in contact with the developer in the container. The rotatable member is supported in the container by a bearing. A magnetic member encloses at least a portion of the rotatable member at a position adjacent to the bearing. The rotatable member comprises a ferromagnetic material disposed at least at a portion facing the magnetic member. The ferromagnetic material is magnetized by the magnetic member, and a magnetic field formed between the magnetic member and the ferromagnetic material forms a magnetic brush of the developer between the magnet member and the rotatable member.
摘要:
A method of reverse development for depositing the toner particles to the light potential area of a photosensitive member. The developer used contains magnetic carrier particles and toner particles. An alternating electric field is formed in the developing position or zone. A relative volumetric ratio Q (%) of the magnetic carrier particles in the developing position satisfies 15.0.ltoreq.Q.ltoreq.28.0. The relative volumetric ratio is defined asQ=(M/h).times.(1/.rho.).times.C.sigma./(T+C)where M (g/cm.sup.2) is an amount of applied developer on a developing sleeve surface per unit area, h (cm) is a height of space in the developing position, .rho. (g/cm.sup.3) is a true density of the magnetic carrier particles, C/(T+C) (%) is a weight ratio of the carrier particles in the developer on the surface of the sleeve, and .sigma. is a ratio of a peripheral speed of the sleeve relative to the peripheral speed of the photosensitive member.
摘要:
A developing method and apparatus using toner particles and magnetic carrier particles includes disposing a developer carrying member in associated with a latent image bearing member for bearing an image to be developed so as to form a developing zone, providing stationary magnetic poles of different polarities behind the developer carrying member, providing developer regulating zone where a layer of the developer including a mixture of toner particles and magnetic carrier particles is formed on the developer carrying member with a regulated layer thickness, the developer regulating zone beam disposed between the magnetic poles along a surface of the developer carrying member and immediately upstream of the developing zone with respect to movement of the developer layer, and applying electric field between the latent image bearing member and the developer carrying member in the developing zone.
摘要:
An image forming method and apparatus using an image bearing member, movable along an endless path, for bearing a toner image and having a critical surface tension of not more than 33 dyne/cm, wherein, the toner image formed on the image bearing member by a developer containing toner not less than 70% of which has a particle size of 1-5 microns, and lubricant in an amount not less than 0.5% by weight of the toner, and the image bearing member is cleaned by removing the toner image remaining on the image bearing member.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus has an image bearing member bearing an electrostatic image thereon. A developing device develops the electrostatic image on the image bearing member by a developer having a toner and a carrier. A transferring device transfers a toner image on the image bearing member to a transferring material. A cleaning device cleans a residual toner on the image bearing member after the transfer. A carrying device carries the developer in the developing device to the cleaning device.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for bearing an electrostatic latent image; a first developing device for developing the electrostatic latent image on the image bearing member; a second developing device, faced to the image bearing member and having a movable developer carrying member for carrying toner and carrier, for effecting development after a first developed image provided by the first developing device passes through a position where the developer carrying member is faced to the image bearing member; and a preventing device for forming an alternating electric field between the developer carrying member and the image bearing member, while the second developing device is at reset to prevent the carrier of the second developing device from rubbing the first developed image.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for bearing an electrostatic image; a developer carrying member, opposed to the image bearing member, for carrying a developer containing toner; bias voltage applying device for applying a developing bias voltage to the developer carrying member, the bias voltage satisfying: ##EQU1## V1 (V): a voltage applying force to the toner toward the developer carrying member away from the image bearing member;T1 (sec): a time period of application of the voltage V1;V2 (V): a voltage applying force to the toner away from the developer carrying member toward the image bearing member;T2 (sec): a time period of application of the voltage V2;T3 (V): a time period of application of a voltage V3 which is (V1+V2)/2;d (m): distance between the image bearing member and the developer carrying member.
摘要:
The present invention provides an image forming apparatus wherein first information corresponding to toner density of two-component developer including toner and carrier particles is detected by a first sensor, second information corresponding to density of the two-component developer is detected by a second sensor, and an amount of toner to be replenished to the two-component developer is controlled on the basis of outputs of the first and second sensors.
摘要:
There is provided an image forming method, including: gradation-processing an image signal based on a halftone image to output a pulse-width-modulated signal; forming a latent image on a latent image-bearing member on the basis of the pulse-width-modulated signal; and developing the latent image with a developer comprising a toner to reproduce the halftone image; wherein the toner has a volume average particle size of M and comprises toner particles having a particle size of r; and has a volume-basis distribution such that it comprises 90% by volume or more of toner particles satisfying M2