Abstract:
An electromagnetic pump and generator apparatus for electrically conductive fluids includes a conduit for containing the conductive fluid and apertures in the sides of the conduit. A fluid circuit is defined outside the conduit for containing a quantity of the conducting fluid and is configured so that the conducting fluid in the circuit is in fluid communication with the conducting fluid in the conduit. When used as a pump, a magnet produces a magnetic field across the conduit between the apertures and a device is employed to produce an electric current in the conducting fluid in the fluid circuit. Current in the conducting fluid in the fluid circuit flow across the conduit through the conducting fluid contained therein between the apertures. The current flowing across the conduit together with the magnetic field imparts a force on the conducting fluid in the conduit causing the fluid to be pumped. Conducting fluid in the fluid circuit is essentially static and functions primarily as a means for conducting current to and from the fluid in the conduit eliminating the need for solid electrodes.
Abstract:
In an electromagnetic device a magnet arrangement is provided having an electromagnet and a permanent magnet, with the pole faces of the permanent magnet abutting the core of the electromagnet on both sides of the end portions of the coil of the electromagnet and the end portions of the core of the electromagnet forming or supporting the pole pieces of the magnet arrangement. The poles of the permanent magnet are adjacent the like poles of the electromagnet when the electromagnet is energized, and the maximum value of the energizing current of the electromagnet is sufficient but not greater than necessary for reaching the first practical saturation value of flux density in the pole ends of the core of the magnet arrangement with the permanent magnet removed therefrom.