摘要:
On a metallic wiring substrate, a first metallic layer is connected to a second metallic layer at a non-anodic-oxide section of the first metallic layer exposed at a bottom of a contact hole. The surface of the first metallic layer is anodically oxidized except for the non-anodic-oxide section. After resist is patterned so as to be entirely positioned on the surface of the first metallic layer, the first metallic layer is anodically oxidized, and the resist is removed therefrom. In such a manner, the non-anodic oxide section and the anodic oxide section are formed. This method makes it possible to produce the metallic wiring substrate having good insulation properties between layers easier than a method for forming the non-anodic-oxide section by etching the anodic oxide section.
摘要:
A developing device which includes a developing roller which supplies a toner to a photoreceptor and a supply roller which performs supply of a toner to the developing roller and peeling of a toner from the developing roller, and applies a bias voltage to the developing roller so as to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on the photoreceptor with a toner. The developing device includes a first current measuring portion which measures a value of a current flowing in the developing roller, a second current measuring portion which measures a value of a current flowing in the supply roller, and a control portion which calculates a toner charging amount on the developing roller and a toner peeled amount by the supply roller based on measured results by the first current measuring portion and the second current measuring portion.
摘要:
To provide a method whereby a 2-azaadamantane can easily be obtained in good yield.A method for producing a 2-azaadamantane represented by the formula (1), which comprises cyclizing a compound represented by the following formula (2) in the presence of an acid.
摘要:
There is provided an image forming apparatus capable of realizing Improvement of an image density by improving dot reproducibility and reducing fog as well. An alternating voltage is applied to a development sleeve so that a first period during which a first peak-to-peak voltage Vpp(1) is applied and a second period during which a second peak-to-peak voltage Vpp(2) that is lower than the first peak-to-peak voltage is applied are repeated alternately. The alternating voltage to be applied is applied so that a development-side potential to move toner from the development sleeve to a photoreceptor and an opposite development-side potential to move toner from the photoreceptor to the development sleeve alternate with each other A frequency of the second period is lower than a frequency of the first period.
摘要:
A developing device capable of improving the image density and the dot reproducibility, and an image forming apparatus including the same are provided. A developing device applies an alternating voltage superimposed on a direct current voltage to a developing roller to thereby develop an electrostatic latent image formed on a photoreceptor with toner. A bias voltage waveform superimposed at this time has an original period (first period) in which each of a development-side electrical potential and an opposite development-side electrical potential is applied one time and a period (second period) in which a Vpp is gradually increased from the initial value to the maximum value.
摘要:
A developing device capable of improving the image density and the dot reproducibility, and an image forming apparatus including the same are provided. A developing device applies an alternating voltage superimposed on a direct current voltage to a developing roller to thereby develop an electrostatic latent image formed on a photoreceptor with toner. A bias voltage waveform superimposed at this time has an original period (first period) in which each of a development-side electrical potential and an opposite development-side electrical potential is applied one time and a period (second period) in which a Vpp is gradually increased from the initial value to the maximum value.
摘要:
A hyper-resolution optical device which can focus a beam of light to a diameter less than the diffraction limit. The optical device has an optical system disposed on a transmissive substrate. One component in the optical system is a hyper-resolution optical component which passes or reflects light and which has a central portion which does not pass or reflect light, respectively. The hyper-resolution optical component can be integrated with the transmissive substrate. Such optical devices are particularly suitable for optical pick-up devices, laser printers, sensors.
摘要:
The inventive VITERBI decoder employs a memory for delivering a new path-metric and path selecting information. The memory stores path-metrics and path selecting information corresponding to all combinations of all possible values of input data, path-metric and control signal. The memory has its address lines connected with an input data output line, branch information output line and output line for a metric of the past.