公开(公告)号：US07686611B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-30

申请号：US11266560

申请日：2005-11-03

Applicant: Mahendra Ladharam Joshi ,  Xianming Jimmy Li ,  William Robert Licht ,  Aleksandar Georgi Slavejkov ,  Stephen Paul DiMartino, Sr.

Inventor： Mahendra Ladharam Joshi ,  Xianming Jimmy Li ,  William Robert Licht ,  Aleksandar Georgi Slavejkov ,  Stephen Paul DiMartino, Sr.

IPC: F23C5/00

CPC classification number: F23C5/08 ,  B01J8/062 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0816 ,  C10G9/20 ,  F23C6/02 ,  F23C2201/102 ,  F23C2201/30 ,  F23C2900/03002 ,  F23C2900/05081 ,  F23D14/22

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and furnace for generating straightened flames in a steam methane reformer or ethylene cracking furnace where fuel-staged burners are used. Fuel staging may be used for reducing NOx emissions. Criteria for generating straightened flames are provided. These criteria relate to oxidant conduit geometry and furnace geometry. Techniques for modifying the furnace and/or burners to achieve these criteria are also provided.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及在使用燃料级燃烧器的蒸汽甲烷重整器或乙烯裂解炉中产生矫直火焰的方法和炉。 燃料分级可用于减少NOx排放。 提供了产生矫直火焰的标准。 这些标准涉及氧化剂导管几何形状和炉几何形状。 还提供了用于修改炉子和/或燃烧器以达到这些标准的技术。

公开(公告)号：US20050279263A1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-22

申请号：US11047000

申请日：2005-01-31

Applicant: Lawrence Berg ,  Edmund Schindler ,  Nigel Garrad ,  John Halloran ,  Robert Collette

Inventor： Lawrence Berg ,  Edmund Schindler ,  Nigel Garrad ,  John Halloran ,  Robert Collette

IPC: G06F1/16 ,  G06F1/18 ,  G06F3/033 ,  G06F17/30 ,  H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/56 ,  H04L29/12 ,  F23B5/00 ,  F23G7/06

CPC classification number: G06F17/30047 ,  F23C5/32 ,  F23C6/045 ,  F23C2201/101 ,  F23C2201/102 ,  G06F1/1616 ,  G06F1/1626 ,  G06F1/1632 ,  G06F1/1656 ,  G06F1/181 ,  G06F3/03545 ,  G06F17/30879 ,  H04L29/12009 ,  H04L61/00 ,  H04W88/02

Abstract: A tangential fired boiler includes a circumferential wall defining a combustion zone, the circumferential wall being generally rectangular when viewed along a generally horizontal cross-section. A fireball is disposed within the combustion zone, the fireball rotating about an imaginary axis when viewed along a generally horizontal cross-section. A corner member is disposed proximate to at least one corner of the combustion zone, with a plurality of fuel inlets disposed along the corner member. The plurality of fuel inlets inject fuel into the combustion zone, and at least some of the plurality of fuel inlets inject fuel in a direction which is angled with respect to a normal of the corner member and upstream relative to a direction of rotation of the fireball.

Abstract translation: 切向燃烧的锅炉包括限定燃烧区的周向壁，当沿着大致水平的横截面观察时，周向壁大致为矩形。 火球设置在燃烧区内，火球围绕假想轴线旋转，沿大致水平的横截面观察。 角部件靠近燃烧区域的至少一个角部设置，多个燃料入口沿着角部件设置。 多个燃料入口将燃料喷射到燃烧区域中，并且多个燃料入口中的至少一些燃料入口沿相对于拐角构件的法线成角度且相对于火球的旋转方向的上游的方向喷射燃料 。

公开(公告)号：US20020073844A1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-20

申请号：US09810449

申请日：2001-03-19

Inventor： Lawrence E. Bool III ,  Hisashi Kobayashi

IPC: B01D053/22

CPC classification number: F23C6/045 ,  B01D53/22 ,  F23C2201/102 ,  F23C2900/06041 ,  F23L7/007 ,  F23L2900/07005 ,  Y02E20/344

Abstract: A method and system is provided for combusting a fuel having application to a heat consuming device such as a boiler or furnace or a reactor. An oxygen-containing stream is introduced into one or more oxygen transport membranes subjected to a reactive purge or a sweep gas. The oxygen transport membrane(s) can advantageously be subjected to a reactive purge or a sweep gas passing in a cross-flow direction with respect to the membranes to facilitate separation of the oxygen. In case of a reactive purge, temperature control of the oxygen transport membrane(s) is effectuated by the use of a suitable heat sink. Further, the oxygen transport membranes can be arranged in a row and be connected in series such that retentate streams of ever lower oxygen concentrations are passed to successive oxygen transport membranes in the row. The fuel or sweep gas can be introduced in a direction counter-current to the bulk flow of the retentate streams.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种方法和系统，用于燃烧应用于诸如锅炉或炉或反应器的热消耗装置的燃料。 将含氧物流引入经过反应性吹扫或吹扫气体的一个或多个氧传输膜中。 氧传输膜可以有利地进行相对于膜的交叉流动方向的反应性吹扫或吹扫气体，以促进氧的分离。 在反应性吹扫的情况下，氧传输膜的温度控制通过使用合适的散热器来实现。 此外，氧传输膜可以排成一排并串联连接，使得具有不断降低的氧浓度的滞留物流传递到该行中连续的氧传输膜。 燃料或吹扫气体可以以与滞留物流的主体流逆流的方向引入。

公开(公告)号：US5683238A

公开(公告)日：1997-11-04

申请号：US639682

申请日：1996-04-29

Applicant: William Joseph Snyder

Inventor： William Joseph Snyder

IPC: F23C99/00 ,  C03B5/235 ,  F23C5/00 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23D23/00

CPC classification number: F23C6/047 ,  C03B5/235 ,  C03B5/2353 ,  F23C5/00 ,  F23C2201/102 ,  F23C2900/05081 ,  Y02P40/55

Abstract: A method for operating a furnace comprising generating NOx at a first NOx generation rate by combustion at a distance from the flue of the furnace and generating NOx at a second NOx generation rate, which is less than the first NOx generation rate, by combustion closer to the flue, and thereafter passing the NOx through the interior of the furnace to and through the flue while both the NOx generated by the first rate and the NOx generated by the second rate dynamically progress toward equilibrium.

Abstract translation: 一种操作炉子的方法，其特征在于，以与所述炉子的烟道相距一定距离的燃烧，以第一NOx生成速度生成NO x，并以比第一NOx生成速度小的第一NO x生成速度通过燃烧更接近 烟道，然后将NOx通过炉内部并通过烟道，同时由第一速率产生的NOx和由第二速率产生的NOx都动态地朝向平衡进行。

公开(公告)号：US5546874A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-20

申请号：US362290

申请日：1994-12-22

Applicant: Bernard P. Breen ,  John P. Bionda, Jr. ,  James E. Gabrielson ,  Roger W. Glickert ,  Anthony Hallo

Inventor： Bernard P. Breen ,  John P. Bionda, Jr. ,  James E. Gabrielson ,  Roger W. Glickert ,  Anthony Hallo

IPC: F23C5/00 ,  F23C1/10

CPC classification number: F23C5/00 ,  F23C2201/102 ,  F23C2900/05081

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing the formation of nitrogen oxides during combustion in a roof-fired furnace is disclosed. By blocking at least some of the fuel nozzles associated with a roof-fired burner while leaving open the secondary air openings associated with the blocked fuel nozzles, reduction in NOX emissions from roof-fired furnaces is accomplished. This blocking results in the creation of a localized fuel-rich or just slightly fuel-lean environment near open fuel nozzles because part of the secondary air needed for combustion is being added at a location distant from where the initial combustion occurs. By creating a localized fuel-rich or slightly fuel-lean environment near the open fuel nozzles, the initial stages of combustion occur with little or no excess oxygen present. Because much of the fuel-bound nitrogen is liberated during the initial stages of combustion, it will preferentially react to form molecular nitrogen rather than nitrogen oxides because of the lack of available oxygen. Further, by the time all the secondary air is mixed with the pulverized coal to complete substantially the combustion, the flame temperature will have been sufficiently lowered by heat transfer to the boiler tubes that thermal formation of nitrogen oxides will be reduced. This invention works well in those roof-fired furnaces where individual burners are composed of multiple fuel nozzles and the fuel nozzles eject primary air and fuel between boiler tubes which form the furnace roof.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于在屋顶燃烧炉中燃烧期间减少氮氧化物形成的方法和装置。 通过阻挡与屋顶燃烧的燃烧器相关联的至少一些燃料喷嘴，同时打开与堵塞的燃料喷嘴相关联的二次空气开口，从而实现了屋顶燃烧炉的NO x排放的减少。 这种阻塞导致在打开的燃料喷嘴附近产生局部富燃料或仅略微贫燃环境，因为燃烧所需的二次空气的一部分被添加在远离初始燃烧发生的位置。 通过在敞开的燃料喷嘴附近产生局部的富含燃料或稍微贫燃的环境，燃烧的初始阶段几乎没有或没有过量的氧存在。 由于大部分燃料结合的氮在燃烧的初始阶段被释放，由于缺乏可用的氧，它将优先反应形成分子氮而不是氮氧化物。 此外，当所有的二次空气与粉煤混合以完全燃烧时，通过传递到锅炉管的火焰温度将被充分降低，氮氧化物的热形成将被减少。 本发明在那些屋顶燃烧炉中工作良好，其中单个燃烧器由多个燃料喷嘴组成，并且燃料喷嘴在形成炉顶的锅炉管之间喷射一次空气和燃料。

公开(公告)号：US5158445A

公开(公告)日：1992-10-27

申请号：US682425

申请日：1991-04-08

Applicant: Mark J. Khinkis

Inventor： Mark J. Khinkis

IPC: F23C3/00 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23C7/02 ,  F23R3/34

CPC classification number: F23C6/047 ,  F23C3/006 ,  F23C7/02 ,  F23R3/346 ,  F23C2201/102

Abstract: A method and apparatus for ultra-low pollutant emission combustion of fossil fuel is disclosed in which a first portion of fuel to be combusted is introduced into a primary combustion chamber together with primary combustion air, producing either a reducing or oxidizing combustion zone and a portion of water having a heat capacity equivalent to the heat capacity of a portion of primary combustion air. The first portion of fuel is combusted in the primary combustion chamber and the combustion products derived therefrom pass through an orifice into a secondary combustion chamber. Also introduced into the secondary combustion chamber is a second portion of fuel and secondary combustion air in an amount sufficient to complete combustion of the total amount of fuel in the apparatus. In addition, water is introduced into the secondary combustion chamber in an amount having a heat capacity equivalent to an amount of secondary combustion air. The products of combustion from the secondary combustion chamber are passed through an orifice into a dilution chamber into which dilution air is introduced, producing ultra-low pollutant emissions vitiated air. The vitiated air is subsequently discharged from the dilution chamber.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于化石燃料的超低污染物排放燃烧的方法和装置，其中要燃烧的燃料的第一部分与一次燃烧空气一起被引入主燃烧室，产生还原或氧化燃烧区和部分 的水的热容量相当于一次燃烧空气的一部分的热容量。 燃料的第一部分在主燃烧室中燃烧，并且由此产生的燃烧产物通过孔进入二次燃烧室。 还引入二次燃烧室中的燃料和二次燃烧空气的第二部分的量足以完全燃烧装置中燃料的总量。 此外，以与二次燃烧空气量相当的热容量的量将水引入二次燃烧室。 来自二次燃烧室的燃烧产物通过孔口进入稀释空气进入稀释室，产生超低污染物排放的空气。 随后将稀释的空气从稀释室排出。

公开(公告)号：US5013236A

公开(公告)日：1991-05-07

申请号：US354837

申请日：1989-05-22

Applicant: Mark J. Khinkis

Inventor： Mark J. Khinkis

IPC: F23C3/00 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23C7/02 ,  F23R3/34

CPC classification number: F23R3/346 ,  F23C3/006 ,  F23C6/047 ,  F23C7/02 ,  F23C2201/102

Abstract: An apparatus and method for ultra-low pollutant emission combustion of fossil fuel wherein an elongated cyclonic primary combustion chamber has a cross-sectional area about 4 to about 30 percent that of an elongated cyclonic secondary combustion chamber and a volume about 1 to about 20 percent the combined primary and secondary combustion chamber volume. A first fuel portion of about 1 percent to about 20 percent of the total fuel and primary combustion air in an amount selected from about 40 to about 90 percent and about 140 percent to about 230 percent of the stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of the first fuel portion is introduced into the primary combustion chamber. A second fuel portion of about 80 to about 99 percent of the total fuel is introduced into the secondary combustion chamber with secondary combustion air in an amount of about 150 percent to about 260 percent of the stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion of the fuel. In preferred embodiments cyclonic flow is maintained through the combustor.

Abstract translation: 用于化石燃料的超低污染物排放燃烧的装置和方法，其中细长的旋风主燃烧室的横截面积为细长旋风二次燃烧室的横截面积约4至约30％，体积约为1至约20％ 主燃烧室和二次燃烧室的组合。 总燃料和初级燃烧空气的约1％至约20％的第一燃料部分选自第一燃料完全燃烧的化学计量要求的约40至约90％和约140％至约230％ 部分被引入主燃烧室。 总燃料的约80％至约99％的第二燃料部分被引入二次燃烧室中，二次燃烧空气的量为燃料完全燃烧的化学计量要求的约150％至约260％。 在优选实施例中，通过燃烧器保持旋风流。