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公开(公告)号：US4367095A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-04
申请号：US226993
申请日：1981-01-21
申请人： Gerald Namy
发明人： Gerald Namy
CPC分类号： C04B7/44 , F27B1/005 , Y02P40/121
摘要： A process and apparatus for manufacturing cement clinker in which pellets of raw material containing the necessary components for manufacturing the clinker are introduced into an apparatus where the pellets flow under gravity, successively through a preheating zone, a clinkering zone using a fluidized bed and a cooling zone. The pellets contain an amount of comminuted carbon determined so that its combustion produces an amount of heat within each pellet sufficient to carry out decarbonation of the material, taking into account the heat introduced by the hot gases passing upwardly through the apparatus. Decarbonation is completed at the base of the preheating zone and the pellets enter the clinkering zone at a temperature which is close to the clinkering temperature. Additional heat is supplied through burners within the clinkering zone.
摘要翻译： 一种用于制造水泥熟料的方法和装置，其中将含有用于制造熟料的必需组分的原料颗粒引入到颗粒在重力作用下依次通过预热区，使用流化床的熟料区和冷却 区。 颗粒含有一定量的粉碎碳，使其燃烧在每个颗粒内产生足以进行材料脱碳的热量，同时考虑到向上通过设备的热气体引入的热量。 在预热区的底部完成脱碳化，颗粒在接近熟化温度的温度下进入熟料区。 通过烧结区内的燃烧器提供额外的热量。
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公开(公告)号：US4128231A
公开(公告)日：1978-12-05
申请号：US884928
申请日：1978-03-09
申请人： Denis H. Jackson
发明人： Denis H. Jackson
摘要： An indirectly fired vertical shaft furnace suitable for use as a volatilizing furnace for recovering metals from their ores, a crop drying or roasting furnace or a heating furnace is comprised of two concentric cylindrical metal shells each of which is closed at the upper end. The outer shell is completely lined with a lightweight insulating material and the lower end of the shell is connected to the upper end of an annular fire chamber having an upwardly open U-shaped cross-section cast from firebrick material. Two tangentially directed burners extend into the chamber to produce a swirling action of the hot gases in the heating chamber between the two cylindrical members. Conduits are provided through the top walls of both cylindrical member for withdrawing the material from the bottom of the central chamber. A vapor collector is coaxially located within the central chamber and has spirally arranged apertures for collecting vapors under transverse channels extending radially outwardly from the conduit across the central chamber above each of the apertures. Additional conduits are provided at the bottom of the central chamber for introducing air into the central chamber and collector conduit and additional conduits are provided at the top of the central chamber for removing vapors from the central chamber and the collecting conduit.
摘要翻译： 适用于挥发炉用于从其矿石，作物干燥或焙烧炉或加热炉中回收金属的间歇式立式竖炉由两个同心圆柱形金属壳组成，每个壳体在上端封闭。 外壳完全衬有轻质的绝缘材料，壳体的下端连接到环形防火室的上端，其具有从耐火砖材料铸造的向上敞开的U形横截面。 两个切向定向的燃烧器延伸到腔室中，以产生两个圆柱形构件之间的加热室中的热气体的旋转动作。 导管通过两个圆柱形构件的顶壁提供，用于从中央室的底部排出材料。 蒸气收集器同轴地位于中心室内并且具有螺旋形布置的孔，用于在横向通道收集蒸气，该横向通道从导管的径向向外延伸穿过每个孔上方的中心室。 在中央室的底部设置有另外的导管，用于将空气引入中央室和收集器导管，并且在中央室的顶部设置另外的管道，用于从中央室和收集管道移除蒸气。
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公开(公告)号：US4045212A
公开(公告)日：1977-08-30
申请号：US658477
申请日：1976-02-17
申请人： Isidore Hodes
发明人： Isidore Hodes
CPC分类号： F27B1/00
摘要： Conventional cupola apparatus and its operation are modified by suppressing the entrance of external air to the cupola and replacing the nitrogen component of the air injected into the conventional cupola with a recycled fraction of the cupola gas consisting substantially of CO and CO.sub.2 withdrawn from the cupola at a point above the melting zone and replacing the oxygen component of the air with externally supplied substantially pure oxygen. The remaining fraction of the cupola gas is exhausted from the cupola system. When the cupola is thusly operated on a steady state basis, a balance is maintained so that the atomic amount of the oxygen exhausted from the system is equal to the atomic amount of the injected oxygen.
摘要翻译： 传统的冲天炉设备及其操作通过抑制外部空气进入圆顶的方式进行修改，并且将基本上由从冲天炉取出的CO和CO 2排出的冲天炉气体的循环部分替换为注入到常规冲天炉中的空气的氮成分 在熔融区之上的一点，并用外部提供的基本上纯的氧代替空气的氧分量。 冲天炉气体的剩余部分从冲天炉系统中排出。 当冲天炉在稳态下运行时，保持平衡，使得从系统排出的氧的原子量等于注入的氧的原子量。
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公开(公告)号：US4031309A
公开(公告)日：1977-06-21
申请号：US624978
申请日：1975-10-22
申请人： Manfred Chitil , Gotthard Hubatsch
发明人： Manfred Chitil , Gotthard Hubatsch
CPC分类号： C21C5/562 , Y02P10/216
摘要： An electric furnace has an inlet opening for introduction of starting materials in the upper region thereof. A pre-melting vessel is arranged above the furnace and has a discharge opening above and in communication with the inlet opening of the furnace. The bottom portion of the furnace is formed with a depression in which the starting material forms a body after its introduction through the inlet opening and is heat-treated so as to obtain slag and steel. The furnace is provided at its sides with a pair of mounting members each having a cam surface of part-circular configuration having a center on an axis which extends substantially horizontally and is located at the inlet opening of the furnace. A plurality of rollers engages the cam surfaces, the rollers being mounted on a support for rotation about their axes. An interchangeable sleeve-shaped element bounds the inlet opening and may be funnel-shaped and/or diverge in the downward direction, the axis extending through the narrowest region of the sleeve-shaped element. Due to this mounting of the furnace, and due to the shape of the sleeve-shaped element, the starting materials are continuously introduced through the inlet opening regardless of the tilted position of the furnace. The furnace further includes outlet openings for slag and steel which may be tapped in the tilted positions of the furnace.
摘要翻译： 电炉具有用于在其上部区域引入原料的入口。 预熔融容器布置在炉的上方，并具有在炉的入口上方并与炉的入口连通的排放口。 炉底部形成有凹部，其中原料在通过入口引入后形成主体，并进行热处理以获得炉渣和钢。 该炉的侧面设置有一对安装构件，每个安装构件具有部分圆形构造的凸轮表面，该凸轮表面具有基本水平延伸并且位于炉入口处的轴线上的中心。 多个辊接合凸轮表面，辊安装在支撑件上以绕其轴线旋转。 可互换的套筒形元件限定入口开口，并且可以是向下方向的漏斗形和/或发散，轴线延伸穿过套筒形元件的最窄区域。 由于炉的这种安装，并且由于套筒形元件的形状，起始材料通过入口开口连续地被引入，而与炉的倾斜位置无关。 炉子还包括用于炉渣和钢的出口，其可以在炉的倾斜位置被攻丝。
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公开(公告)号：US4031183A
公开(公告)日：1977-06-21
申请号：US658576
申请日：1976-02-17
摘要： A process and apparatus for burning limestone to produce calcined lime in which limestone is burned continuously in a vertical kiln provided with a plurality of fuel injectors which permit pulsed introduction of fuel so as to ensure a lamellar flow of fuel through the kiln and a controlled release of heat.
摘要翻译： 一种用于燃烧石灰石以生产煅烧石灰的方法和装置，其中石灰石在设置有多个燃料喷射器的立式窑中连续燃烧，其允许脉冲引入燃料，以确保燃料通过窑的片层流动和受控释放 的热量。
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公开(公告)号：US4025293A
公开(公告)日：1977-05-24
申请号：US621781
申请日：1975-10-14
申请人： Karl Beckenbach
发明人： Karl Beckenbach
摘要： A process for the firing and sintering of granular material in a gas or oil heated shaft furnace is disclosed in which the material, fed from the top of the furnace passes downwards successively through an entry zone, a preheating zone, a firing zone in which burners are disposed around the furnace wall, and a cooling zone, and in which the feeding of the material at the top of the furnace is so effected that a central depression is maintained in the upper surface of the material in the entry zone, said surface sloping downwardly from the periphery of the entry zone into the central depression, so that segregation of the material occurs automatically, the coarser pieces of material rolling into the central depression, whereby a column of the coarser material is maintained along the vertical axis of the furnace. The feeding of the material at the top of the furnace is effected by means of a charging bell over which the material to be fed to the furnace is discharged, the material being guided by the charging bell to the periphery of the entry zone and then rolling into the central depression below the charging bell.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于燃气或油加热竖炉中的颗粒材料的烧制和烧结的方法，其中从炉顶进料的材料依次通过入口区，预热区，燃烧区 设置在炉壁周围，并且冷却区，其中在炉顶部的材料的供给如此受到影响，使得在进入区中的材料的上表面中保持中心凹陷，所述表面倾斜 从入口区域的周边向下到中心凹陷处，使得材料的偏析自动发生，较粗的材料块滚动到中心凹陷中，由此沿着炉的垂直轴线保持较粗的材料的柱。 炉子顶部的材料进料是通过一个加料钟来进行的，待加料到炉子的材料将在其上被排放，材料由加料钟引导到入口区的周边，然后轧制 进入充电钟下方的中央凹陷。
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27.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US3796539A
公开(公告)日：1974-03-12
申请号：US3796539D
申请日：1972-11-09
发明人： SUNDERMANN E
CPC分类号： C04B38/064 , C04B33/00
摘要： An apparatus for manufacturing ceramically bonded shaped bodies from granulates of inflatable mineral materials, particularly clay, which comprises a combustion chamber including two combustion chamber regions tapered down in opposite directions. A fire box is provided which has a bottom grate and is adapted to be filled with granulates of inflatable material. A mount is arranged for the fire box in substantially the plane of the joint largest cross-section of the combustion chamber and movable through the latter. A conduit system is connected to both ends of the burning chamber for guiding fuel - and reaction - gases in a circuit. At least one burner device is disposed in the circuit. A reversing device for reversing the flow of the gases through the combustion chamber is provided. The mount comprises a pocketshaped enlargement open to the axis of the chamber for reception of the fire box in the combustion chamber. The fire box engages the enlargement with an annular outer holding - and guide frame, the latter being covered in the pocket-shaped enlargement against the effect of the heat - and reaction - gases and being connected with a divided heat-shield device limiting laterally the filling space of the fire box by arms limiting the heat flow.
摘要翻译： 一种用于由可充气矿物材料，特别是粘土的颗粒制造陶瓷结合的成形体的装置，其包括一个燃烧室，该燃烧室包括沿相反方向向下渐缩的两个燃烧室区域。 提供一种防火箱，其具有底部格栅并且适于填充可膨胀材料的颗粒。 在燃烧室的联合最大横截面的大致平面内的火箱上设置有一个安装座，并可通过该安装座移动。 导管系统连接到燃烧室的两端，以引导电路中的燃料和反应气体。 在电路中设置至少一个燃烧器装置。 提供了用于使气体流过燃烧室的反转装置。 该安装件包括一个通向腔室轴线的口袋形放大件，用于接收燃烧室内的防火箱。 消防箱与一个环形的外部保持和引导框架相接合，后者被覆盖在口袋形扩大部分中，抵抗热和反应气体的作用，并与分开的横向隔热装置连接 消防箱的充填空间用臂限制热流。
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公开(公告)号：US3625497A
公开(公告)日：1971-12-07
申请号：US3625497D
申请日：1969-07-28
CPC分类号： F27B1/005
摘要： Solids such as dolomite or magnesia are continuously roasted in a vertical furnace provided with an axial tube to cause the heating flame to pass through the center of the solids, the heating being effected by the combustion of dry fuel oil vapors preheated to 300* to 650* C.
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公开(公告)号：US3615080A
公开(公告)日：1971-10-26
申请号：US3615080D
申请日：1969-12-18
摘要： AN APPARATUS FOR AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING WHITE PORTLAND CEMENT CLINKER ARE DISCLOSED. THE APPARATUS HAS A REACTOR PROVIDED WITH A REACTOR BED ADAPTED TO RECEIVE AND PROCESS WHITE PORTLAND CEMENT CLINKER RAW MATERIAL. THE REACTOR HAS A HEATING AND DRYING ZONE FOR REMOVING THE WATER FROM THE RAW MATERIAL, A CALCINING ADJACENT THE HEATING AND DRYING ZONE FOR CALCINING THE CALCAREOUS PORTION OF RAW MATERIAL, A REACTION ZONE ADJACENT THE CALCINING ZONE FOR CLINKERING THE RAW MATERIAL, A GAS DISTRIBUTION ZONE ADJACENT THE REACTION ZONE FOR RECEIVING A HEATING AND REDUCING FLUID HAVING A PRESSURE SUFFICIENT TO TRAVERSE THE REACTION ZONE, THE CALCINING ZONE AND THE HEATING AND DRYING ZONE WITH A RESIDUAL REMAINING PRESSURE, AND A GAS SEAL ZONE ADJACENT THE GAS DISTRIBUTION ZONE. A DIVIDER IN THE GAS SEAL ZONE SPLIT THE FLOW OF THE SINTERED RAW MATERIAL INTO TWO CHANNELS. EACH CHANNEL HAS A CONSTRICTED PASSAGE IN THE DIRECTION OF THE FLOW OF THE SINTERED RAW MATERIAL TO PRODUCE A PRESSURE DROP THROUGH THE GAS SEAL ZONE GREATER THAN THE PRESSURE IN THE HEATING AND REDUCING FLUID. A COOLING ZONE OF THE REACTOR ADJACENT THE GAS SEALING ZONE COOLS THE SINTERED RAW MATERIAL. A COOLING PLENUM IN THE COOLING ZONE IS CONNECTED TO THE HEATING AND DRYING ZONE AND HAS A FIRST LOUVER WHICH DEFINES WITH AN EXIT LOUVER THE COOLING ZONE, THUS RETAINING THE SINTERED RAW MATERIAL IN THE COOLING ZONE WHILE EMITTING THE HEATING AND REDUCING FLUID FROM SUCH COOLING ZONE. A DISCHARGE MEANS IN DISCHARGE ZONE OF THE REACTOR DISCHARGES THE SINTERED MATERIAL WHILE SEALING THE DISCHARGE ZONE FROM THE ATMOSPHERE. THE METHOD INCLUDES THE STEPS OF: (A) RECEIVING THE RAW MATERIAL IN THE REACTOR BED OF THE REACTOR, (B) PASSING THE RAW MATERIAL THROUGH A HEATING AND DRYING ZONE TO REMOVE THE WATER FROM THE RAW MATERIAL, (C) PASSING THE DRIED RAW MATERIAL THROUGH A CALCINING ZONE ADJACENT THE HEATING AND DRYING ZONE TO CALCINE THE CALCAREOUS PORTION OF THE RAW MATERIAL, (D) PASSING THE REACTED RAW MATERIAL THROUGH A GAS DISTRIBUTION ZONE ADJACENT THE REACTION ZONE TO RECEIVE A HEATING AND REDUCING FLUID PRODUCED FROM A FLUID FUEL BURNED IN A DEFICIENCY OF OXYGEN-BEARING GAS AND HAVING A PRESSURE SUFFICIENT TO TRAVERSE THE REACTION ZONE, THE CALCINING ZONE AND THE HEATING AND DRYING ZONE WITH A RESIDUAL REMAINING PRESSURE, (E) PASSING THE RAW MATERIAL THROUGH A GAS SEALING ZONE ADJACENT THE GAS DISTRIBUTION ZONE, (F) SPLITTING THE FLOW OF THE SINTERED RAW MATERIAL IN THE GAS SEAL ZONE INTO TWO CHANNELS, EACH CHANNEL HAVING A CONSTRICTED PASSAGE IN THE DIRECTION OF THE FLOW OF THE RAW MATERIAL TO PRODUCE A PRESSURE DROP THROUGH SUCH GAS SEAL ZONE GREATER THAN THE ORIGINAL PRESSURE IN SUCH HEATING AND REDUCING FLUID, (G) PASSING THE SINTERED RAW MATERIAL THROUGH A COOLING ZONE ADJACENT THE GAS SEAL ZONE TO COOL THE SINTERED RAW MATERIAL UNDER REDUCING CONDITIONS, (H) RECEIVING THE HEATING AND REDUCING FLUID AT THE RESIDUAL REMAINING PRESSURE IN A COOLING PLENUM IN THE COOLING ZONE, (I) RETAINING THE RAW MATERIAL IN THE COOLING ZONE WHILE EMITTING THE HEATING AND REDUCING FLUID FROM THE COOLING PLENUM INTO THE COOLING ZONE, (J) RETAINING THE RAW MATERIAL IN THE COOLING ZONE WHILE EMITTING THE HEATING AND REDUCING FLUID FROM THE COOLING ZONE THROUGH AN EXIT LOUVER, (K) PASSING THE SINTERED RAW MATERIAL THROUGH A DISCHARGE ZONE ADJACENT THE COOLING ZONE, AND (L) DISCHARGING THE RAW MATERIAL WHILE SEALING THE DISCHARGE ZONE FROM THE ATMOSPHERE.
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公开(公告)号：US3591158A
公开(公告)日：1971-07-06
申请号：US3591158D
申请日：1969-06-17
CPC分类号： F27B1/20
摘要： A shaft furnace for the gas reduction of metallurgical ores which provides a gas-distributing body centrally of the furnace chamber at the bottom of the furnace column, a support plate below a downwardly converging funnel, the outlet of which has a width corresponding to the gas-distributing element, members for shifting the charge along the support table out of the furnace, and a furnace-charging arrangement having a pair of sliding-plate gas gates or locks between which an intermediate charge-receiving arrangement is provided to restrict the free-fall height of the charge. The gas-distributing element is a roof- or coping-shaped body which is open downwardly and is supplied with reducing gas from one or both ends.
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