摘要:
m-Xylene is difficult to separate from o-xylene by conventional distillation or rectification because of the close proximity of their boiling points. m-Xylene can be readily separated from o-xylene by using extractive distillation in which the agent is an aliphatic ester. Typical examples of effective agents are diethyl maleate, diethyl malonate or 2-ethyl hexyl acetate.
摘要:
4-Methyl-2-pentanone cannot be easily separated from acetic acid by distillation because of the closeness of their boiling points. 4-Methyl-2-phentanone can be readily removed from acetic acid by extractive distillation. Typical effective agents are dimethylformamide (DMFA); DMFA and m-toluic acid; DMFA, p-toluic acid and isobutyl heptyl ketone.
摘要:
t-Butyl alcohol cannot be completely separated from water by conventional distillation or rectification because of the minimum boiling azeotrope. t-Butyl alcohol can be readily separated from water by using azeotropic or extractive distillation. Typical examples of effective agents are: by azeotropic distillation, vinyl n-butyl ether and propylene glycol dimethyl ether; by extractive distillation, 1,3-butanediol and triethylene glycol.
摘要:
m-Xylene is difficult to separate from o-xylene by conventional distillation or rectification because of the close proximity of their boiling points. m-Xylene can be readily separated from o-xylene by using extractive distillation in which the extractive agent is a higher boiling ester. Typical examples of effective agents are diisononyl adipate, glycerol triacetate and dimethyl phthalate.
摘要:
The sulfur in petroleum pitches and cokes can be converted to calcium sulfate instead of sulfur dioxide during combustion when calcium oxide or calcium carbonate is added to the molten pitch before burning.
摘要:
2-Methyl butanol-1 cannot be completely removed from 2-methyl butanol-1-pentanol-1 mixtures by distillation because of the proximity of their boiling points. 2-methyl butanol-1 can be readily removed from mixtures of these alcohols by using extractive distillation in which the extractive agent is a mixture of aromatic carboxylic acids or aromatic carboxylic esters. Typical examples of effective agents are: benzoic acid, ethyl salicylate and salicylic acid; methyl benzoate, methyl p-hydroxy benzoate and phenyl salicylate.
摘要:
Meta and para-diisopropyl benzenes cannot be easily separated from each other by distillation because of the closeness of their vapor pressures. m-Diisopropyl benzene can be readily removed from p-diisopropyl benzene by extractive distillation using certain high boiling organic compounds. Effective extractive agents are diphenyl ether, dimethyl adipate, diisononyl adipate, tributyl phosphate and ethylene glycol phenyl ether.
摘要:
Meta and para-diisopropylbenzenes cannot be easily separated from each other by distillation because of the closeness of their vapor pressures. m-Diisopropylbenzene can be readily removed from p-diisopropylbenzene by azeotropic distillation using certain ketones. Typical effective azeotropic distillation agents are acetophenone, 2-undecanone and acetonyl acetone.
摘要:
2-Butanol cannot be completely removed from 2-butanol - t-amyl alcohol mixtures by distillation because of the proximitry of their boiling points. 2-Butanol can be readily removed from mixtures containing it and t-amyl alcohol by using extractive distillation in which the extractive agent is a higher boiling benzoate. Typical examples are methyl benzoate; methyl benzoate and salicylic acid; methyl benzoate, cinnamic acid and hexahydrophthalic anhydride.
摘要:
m-Xylene is difficult to separate from o-xylene by conventional rectification or distillation because of the close proximity of their boiling points. m-Xylene can be readily separated from o-xylene by using extractive distillation in which the extractive agent is ethyl-2-hydroxybenzoate; methyl benzoate plus benzophenone; methyl benzoate, butyl benzoate and dimethylsulfoxide.