Method and apparatus for acquiring offset checkshot survey data using tube-wave conversion

    公开(公告)号:US06591193B2

    公开(公告)日:2003-07-08

    申请号:US09961592

    申请日:2001-09-24

    IPC分类号: G06F1900

    CPC分类号: G01V1/286 G01V1/42

    摘要: A method and apparatus for reliable and low-cost acquisition of offset checkshot survey data using tube wave conversion. An acoustic receiver is deployed in a fluid-filled well, preferably at or near the top thereof. At least one tube-wave conversion point is used, such as an interface between two immiscible fluids, a change in casing geometry or a wellbore constriction. The traveltime of a tube wave from the tube-wave conversion point to the acoustic receiver is determined. Then, a seismic signal is generated at a laterally offset location. The total seismic signal traveltime along a raypath from the source location to the tube-wave conversion point and then upwardly through the fluid-filled well to the acoustic receiver is measured. The previously determined tube-wave traveltime from the conversion point to the acoustic receiver is then subtracted from the total traveltime to obtain the seismic signal traveltime from the source location to the tube-wave conversion point.

    Method for determining stacking velocity parameters or other reflection geometry information from seismic gather data using multiple attributes and 3-D visualization
    32.
    发明授权
    Method for determining stacking velocity parameters or other reflection geometry information from seismic gather data using multiple attributes and 3-D visualization 有权
    使用多个属性和3-D可视化从地震采集数据确定堆垛速度参数或其他反射几何信息的方法

    公开(公告)号:US06493634B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-12-10

    申请号:US09566296

    申请日:2000-05-05

    IPC分类号: G01V128

    CPC分类号: G01V1/303 G01V1/345 G01V1/366

    摘要: A method for constructing velocity models for stacking seismic data, or, more generally, a method for determining reflection geometries with seismic gathers through the use of trace-to-trace coherency coupled with global editing capability to separate velocity events corresponding to primary reflections from multiple reflections and other noise. A velocity model can be fit to the edited velocity events and used for stacking of seismic data. Alternatively, the measured reflection geometry has other potential uses including providing data to be input to a tomographic velocity updating procedure that produces a migration velocity model.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于构建用于堆叠地震数据的速度模型的方法,或者更一般地,通过使用跟踪跟踪一致性与全局编辑能力相结合来分离与多个原始反射相对应的速度事件的用于确定具有地震聚集的反射几何的方法 反射等噪音。 速度模型可以适应编辑的速度事件,并用于堆叠地震数据。 或者,测量的反射几何形状具有其他潜在用途,包括提供输入到产生迁移速度模型的断层摄影速度更新过程的数据。

    Efficient method for inversion of geophysical data
    33.
    发明授权
    Efficient method for inversion of geophysical data 有权
    有效的地球物理数据反演方法

    公开(公告)号:US08812282B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-08-19

    申请号:US12810721

    申请日:2009-01-26

    IPC分类号: G06G7/48 G01V1/28 G01V1/30

    摘要: A method for efficient inversion of measured geophysical data from a subsurface region to prospect for hydrocarbons. Gathers of measured data (40) are encoded (60) using a set of non-equivalent encoding functions (30). Then all data records in each encoded gather that correspond to a single receiver are summed (60), repeating for each receiver to generate a simultaneous encoded gather (80). The method employs iterative, local optimization of a cost function to invert the encoded gathers of simultaneous source data. An adjoint method is used to calculate the gradients of the cost function needed for the local optimization process (100). The inverted data yields a physical properties model (110) of the subsurface region that, after iterative updating, can indicate presence of accumulations of hydrocarbons.

    摘要翻译: 测量地球物理数据从地下区域到碳氢化合物前景的有效反演的方法。 使用一组非等效编码函数(30)对测量数据(40)的收集进行编码(60)。 然后,对应于单个接收机的每个编码采集中的所有数据记录相加(60),为每个接收机重复生成同时编码的聚集(80)。 该方法使用成本函数的迭代局部优化来反转同时源数据的编码集合。 使用伴随方法来计算局部优化过程所需的成本函数的梯度(100)。 倒置数据产生地下区域的物理性质模型(110),其在迭代更新后可以指示存在碳氢化合物的存在。

    Method for efficient manual inversion of seismic velocity information
    34.
    发明授权
    Method for efficient manual inversion of seismic velocity information 有权
    地震速度信息有效手动反演的方法

    公开(公告)号:US06253157B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-06-26

    申请号:US09451806

    申请日:1999-12-01

    申请人: Jerome R. Krebs

    发明人: Jerome R. Krebs

    IPC分类号: G01V128

    CPC分类号: G01V1/303

    摘要: A method for calculating seismic velocity for migration purposes as a function of subsurface spatial position that gives the seismic processing analyst direct control of the resulting migration velocity model, and includes a means to ensure that the model is consistent with RMS velocity sweeps computed from available surface seismic or other data. The method involves generating average velocities from the model to compare to the measured RMS velocity data, and comparing the model predictions to actual data on a 3-D interactive visual display allowing quick and easy model adjustment. Other available measured data besides surface seismic data maybe used to develop the model.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于计算地震速度的方法,作为地下空间位置函数的地下空间位置的函数,给地震处理分析人员直接控制所得到的迁移速度模型,并包括确保模型与从可用表面计算的RMS速度扫描一致的方法 地震或其他数据。 该方法包括从模型中产生平均速度以与测量的RMS速度数据进行比较,并将模型预测与3-D交互式视觉显示器上的实际数据进行比较,从而实现快速简单的模型调整。 除了表面地震数据外,其他可用的测量数据也可用于开发模型。

    Seismic imaging using wave equation extrapolation
    35.
    发明授权
    Seismic imaging using wave equation extrapolation 失效
    使用波动方程外推的地震成像

    公开(公告)号:US5742560A

    公开(公告)日:1998-04-21

    申请号:US707574

    申请日:1996-09-04

    申请人: Jerome R. Krebs

    发明人: Jerome R. Krebs

    IPC分类号: G01V1/28 G01V1/42

    摘要: A method for producing seismic images from seismic data obtained from two different datums. Traveltimes between the two datums are determined from either measurements or an assumed velocity field. An extrapolation of the data to simulated source and receiver locations is carried out using any form of the wave equation which does not require velocity field information. After extrapolation, the data at the simulated source and receiver locations is processed using standard seismic imaging techniques. The method can be applied to simulate borehole, crosshole, or multi-borehole seismic data.

    摘要翻译: 一种从两个不同基准得到的地震数据生成地震图像的方法。 两个基准之间的行进时间由测量值或假定的速度场确定。 使用不需要速度场信息的任何形式的波动方程来进行数据到模拟源和接收器位置的外插。 在外推之后,使用标准地震成像技术处理模拟源和接收器位置的数据。 该方法可应用于模拟钻孔,十字孔或多井地震数据。

    Migration velocity analysis using limited-aperture and monte carlo
migration
    36.
    发明授权
    Migration velocity analysis using limited-aperture and monte carlo migration 失效
    使用有限孔径和蒙特卡罗迁移的迁移速度分析

    公开(公告)号:US5640368A

    公开(公告)日:1997-06-17

    申请号:US97817

    申请日:1993-07-26

    申请人: Jerome R. Krebs

    发明人: Jerome R. Krebs

    IPC分类号: G01V1/30 G01V1/36

    CPC分类号: G01V1/303

    摘要: Disclosed is a method for efficiently and accurately determining subsurface velocities for use in migration of seismic data. The method calls for restricting the number of traces considered to those lying upon that portion of the Kirchhoff summation curve wherein the integrand for Kirchhoff migration is smooth. In the preferred embodiment, only a random sample of traces within this aperture are used in the calculations. Improvements in efficiency on the order of a factor of 1000 can be realized with the preferred embodiment.

    摘要翻译: 公开了一种用于有效和准确地确定用于地震数据迁移的地下速度的方法。 该方法要求限制考虑到Kirchhoff求和曲线部分的痕迹的数量,其中Kirchhoff迁移的被积函数是平滑的。 在优选实施例中,在计算中仅使用该孔内的随机痕迹样本。 优选实施例可以实现1000倍的效率的提高。

    Method for generating multiple free seismic images

    公开(公告)号:US10416327B2

    公开(公告)日:2019-09-17

    申请号:US15071393

    申请日:2016-03-16

    摘要: A method, including: storing, in a computer storage device, geophysical seismic data that has been separated into a multiple-free component and a multiple contaminated component; performing, with a processor, a first full wavefield inversion process on the multiple-free component of the seismic data, wherein a first subsurface physical property model is generated; determining, with a processor, an extended target reflectivity, wherein the extended target reflectivity includes a reflectivity for each of a plurality of shots; separately performing, with a processor, a second full wavefield inversion process with the multiple contaminated component of the seismic data for each of the plurality of shots using the reflectivity corresponding to each of the plurality of shots, wherein a second subsurface physical property model is generated; and generating, with a processor, multiple-free final subsurface physical property model by combining the first subsurface physical property model and the second subsurface physical property model.

    Seismic migration using offset checkshot data
    38.
    发明授权
    Seismic migration using offset checkshot data 失效
    使用偏移检查数据进行地震迁移

    公开(公告)号:US6002642A

    公开(公告)日:1999-12-14

    申请号:US987562

    申请日:1997-12-09

    申请人: Jerome R. Krebs

    发明人: Jerome R. Krebs

    摘要: A method of migrating seismic data using offset checkshot survey measurements. The offset checkshot survey measurements involve raypaths similar to the migration raypaths for the seismic data, and are used to determine direct arrival traveltimes to receivers in a borehole. Embodiments of the invention provide for direct use of the traveltimes in migration, or indirect use of the traveltimes in migration via construction of a migration velocity model. The velocity model embodiments further provide for either traveltime error correction via use of interpolated error functions or construction of migration error tables. The invention can be employed for time, depth or Kirchhoff migration, in either two or three dimension, and in either prestack or poststack applications. The invention may be used to migrate any type of seismic data, including compressional-wave, shear-wave, and converted-wave seismic data.

    摘要翻译: 使用偏移检查测量测量方法迁移地震数据的方法。 偏移检查测量测量涉及与地震数据的迁移射线路径类似的射线路径,用于确定钻孔中接收器的直接到达旅行时间。 本发明的实施例提供了在移动中直接使用旅行时间,或者通过建立移动速度模型来间接使用旅行时间在移动中。 速度模型实施例还通过使用内插误差函数或迁移误差表的构造进一步提供旅行时错误校正。 本发明可以用于时间,深度或Kirchhoff迁移,两个或三个维度,以及在叠前或后堆叠应用中。 本发明可用于迁移任何类型的地震数据,包括压缩波,剪切波和转换波地震数据。

    Seismic migration using offset checkshot data
    39.
    发明授权
    Seismic migration using offset checkshot data 失效
    使用偏移检查数据进行地震迁移

    公开(公告)号:US5696735A

    公开(公告)日:1997-12-09

    申请号:US812819

    申请日:1997-03-06

    申请人: Jerome R. Krebs

    发明人: Jerome R. Krebs

    摘要: A method of migrating seismic data using offset checkshot survey measurements. The offset checkshot survey measurements involve raypaths similar to the migration raypaths for the seismic data, and are used to determine direct arrival traveltimes to receivers in a borehole. Embodiments of the invention provide for direct use of the traveltimes in migration, or indirect use of the traveltimes in migration via construction of a migration velocity model. The velocity model embodiments further provide for either traveltime error correction via use of interpolated error functions or construction of migration error tables. The invention can be employed for time, depth or Kirchhoff migration, in either two or three dimension, and in either prestack or poststack applications.

    摘要翻译: 使用偏移检查测量测量方法迁移地震数据的方法。 偏移检查测量测量涉及与地震数据的迁移射线路径类似的射线路径,用于确定钻孔中接收器的直接到达旅行时间。 本发明的实施例提供了在移动中直接使用旅行时间,或者通过建立移动速度模型来间接使用旅行时间在移动中。 速度模型实施例还通过使用内插误差函数或迁移误差表的构造进一步提供旅行时错误校正。 本发明可以用于时间,深度或Kirchhoff迁移,两个或三个维度,以及在叠前或后堆叠应用中。