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    Glow discharge starter having dual gaps
    36.
    发明授权
    Glow discharge starter having dual gaps 失效
    辉光放电启动器具有双重间隙

    公开(公告)号：US5057741A

    公开(公告)日：1991-10-15

    申请号：US620165

    申请日：1990-11-30

    Applicant: Nikolaos Barakitis ,  Marvin S. Corrales ,  Jorge C. Rodrigues

    Inventor： Nikolaos Barakitis ,  Marvin S. Corrales ,  Jorge C. Rodrigues

    IPC: H01J41/08 ,  H01J61/26 ,  H01J61/54

    CPC classification number: H01J61/541 ,  H01J41/08 ,  H01J61/26

    Abstract: A glow discharge starter having an hermetically sealed envelope containing an ionizable medium, a bimetallic electrode including a bimetallic element, and a counter electrode. The bimetallic element has a free end adapted to form first and second discharge gaps with the counter electrode. The first discharge gap has a spacing which varies during operation of the glow discharge starter. The spacing of the second discharge gap remains relatively constant. Problems associated with high ambient temperatures can be overcome by increasing the initial spacing of the first discharge gap without affecting the electrical breakdown voltage of the glow discharge starter. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the free end of the bimetallic element has a first portion substantially parallel to the counter electrode and a second portion substantially perpendicular to the counter electrode. Preferably, the initial spacing of the first discharge gap measured at 25 degrees Celsius is within the range of from about 0.020 inch to about 0.030 inch. The spacing of the second discharge gap is within the range of from about 0.006 inch to about 0.010 inch.

    Abstract translation: 具有包含可电离介质的气密密封的信封的辉光放电起动器，包括双金属元件的双金属电极和对电极。 双金属元件具有适于与对电极形成第一和第二放电间隙的自由端。 第一放电间隙具有在辉光放电起动器的操作期间变化的间隔。 第二放电间隙的间隔保持相对恒定。 可以通过增加第一放电间隙的初始间隔而不影响辉光放电启动器的电击穿电压来克服与高环境温度相关的问题。 根据优选实施例，双金属元件的自由端具有基本上平行于对电极的第一部分和大致垂直于对电极的第二部分。 优选地，在25摄氏度处测量的第一放电间隙的初始间隔在约0.020英寸至约0.030英寸的范围内。 第二放电间隙的间隔在约0.006英寸至约0.010英寸的范围内。

    Double chamber ionization smoke detector
    37.
    发明授权
    Double chamber ionization smoke detector 失效
    双室电离烟雾探测器

    公开(公告)号：US4153840A

    公开(公告)日：1979-05-08

    申请号：US754276

    申请日：1976-12-27

    Applicant: Horst K. Wieder

    Inventor： Horst K. Wieder

    IPC: G08B17/113 ,  H01J41/08 ,  G01T1/18 ,  G01N23/12

    CPC classification number: G08B17/113 ,  H01J41/08

    Abstract: A combustion product detector comprises two ionization chambers with a radioactive source in each chamber. One chamber is vented to the ambient atmosphere and the other serves as a reference. A communicating passage is provided between the chambers. An adjustable target is provided in the reference chamber.Test means to determine status of the device comprises a member having a conductive end which is normally in conductive relation with the vented electrode of the chamber. It may be manually depressed into the vented chamber against a biasing force to disconnect it.Two radioactive sources are mounted in a holder which provides a window for each of the sources. In different embodiments the windows may be varied in size to vary the amount of radiation provided to each of the chambers independently without changing the parameters of the sources themselves.

    Abstract translation: 燃烧产物检测器包括在每个室中具有放射源的两个电离室。 一个室被排放到环境大气中，另一个用作参考。 连通通道设置在室之间。 在参考室中设置可调节的目标。

    Ionization detector
    38.
    发明授权
    Ionization detector 失效
    电离检测器

    公开(公告)号：US4021671A

    公开(公告)日：1977-05-03

    申请号：US593704

    申请日：1975-07-07

    Applicant: Elias E. Solomon

    Inventor： Elias E. Solomon

    IPC: H01J47/02 ,  G01N27/64 ,  G01T1/185 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/11 ,  G08B17/113 ,  H01J41/08 ,  G01N23/12

    CPC classification number: H01J41/08 ,  G08B17/11 ,  G08B17/113

    Abstract: An ionization detecting fire alarm device that comprises a double chamber structure, a source disposed in at least one of the chambers and a vernier adjusting screw electrode protruding into one chamber. The chamber containing the adjustable electrode is more open to the atmosphere than the other chamber, porting is provided between chambers and detection occurs by sensing the rate of change of ionization current in the chamber structure. The source or sources, one being in each chamber, is a beta source such as a nickel 63 source. A change in ionization current is detected by a unique circuit of this invention which comprises a programmable unijunction transistor oscillator circuit.

    Abstract translation: 一种电离检测火灾报警装置，包括双室结构，设置在至少一个室中的源和突出到一个室中的游标调节螺钉电极。 容纳可调节电极的室比另一个室更大于大气，在室之间提供端口，并且通过感测室结构中的电离电流的变化率来进行检测。 源或源，一个在每个室中，是诸如镍63源的β源。 电离电流的变化由本发明的唯一电路检测，其包括可编程单结晶体管振荡器电路。

    Rate-of-change combustion and contamination detection device
    39.
    发明授权
    Rate-of-change combustion and contamination detection device 失效
    变化率燃烧和污染检测装置

    公开(公告)号：US3946374A

    公开(公告)日：1976-03-23

    申请号：US424305

    申请日：1973-12-13

    Applicant: Lonnie S. McMillian ,  George E. Frohwein

    Inventor： Lonnie S. McMillian ,  George E. Frohwein

    IPC: G01N27/66 ,  G08B17/11 ,  G08B17/113 ,  H01J41/08 ,  G08B17/10 ,  H01J39/28

    CPC classification number: G01N27/66 ,  G08B17/11 ,  G08B17/113 ,  H01J41/08

    Abstract: An ionization-type gas contamination detector, intended primarily for use as a fire detector, in which a substance which emits predominantly low-energy beta particles is used as an ionizing radiation source in an ionizing chamber. Rapid changes in ionization current, which indicate the present of a fire or smoke preceding a fire, are detected and an alarm is energized by a rate-of-change circuit in response to such changes. The output of the ionization chamber is amplified, and a level detector energizes the alarm when the amplified chamber output reaches a predetermined level. The output of the amplifier is adjusted relatively slowly to a reference level. In one embodiment, the amplifier output is adjusted to the reference level by the activation of a sample-and-hold feedback loop for a short period of time. In another embodiment, continuous feedback through a circuit with a relatively long time constant provides the desired adjustment. This feature makes the device relatively insensitive to normal atmospheric and environmental changes, while being very sensitive to changes in the level of combustion products in the atmosphere.

    Abstract translation: 主要用作火灾探测器的电离型气体污染检测器，其中主要以低能量β粒子发射的物质被用作电离室中的电离辐射源。 检测出电流电流的快速变化，其指示在火灾之前发生火灾或烟雾，并且通过响应于这种变化的变化率电路来激励警报。 电离室的输出被放大，当放大室输出达到预定水平时，电平检测器激励报警器。 将放大器的输出相对缓慢地调整到参考电平。 在一个实施例中，通过在短时间段内激活采样保持反馈回路将放大器输出调整到参考电平。 在另一个实施例中，通过具有较长时间常数的电路的连续反馈提供所需的调整。 该特征使得该装置对正常的大气和环境变化相对不敏感，同时对大气中燃烧产物的变化非常敏感。

    Ionization system for sensing and measuring gaseous impurities
    40.
    发明授权
    Ionization system for sensing and measuring gaseous impurities 失效
    用于传感和测量气候条件的离子系统

    公开(公告)号：US3835328A

    公开(公告)日：1974-09-10

    申请号：US25269572

    申请日：1972-05-12

    Applicant: US AIR FORCE

    Inventor： HARRIS W ,  SCHLUTER B ,  TROMBORG E

    IPC: G01N27/66 ,  H01J41/08 ,  G01N23/12

    CPC classification number: G01N27/66 ,  H01J41/08

    Abstract: An ionization detector in which a vapor sample flows past a source of ionizing radiation of beta particles and through a recombination region which forces the sample to pass through a tortuous path created by a series of parallel adjacent and spaced insulated washers mounted about a shaft with the washers having different selected openings. The sample first passes through a metallic manifold also having openings and then through the washers followed by the ion collection region which includes a screen of electrically conducting material. A DC voltage source connects the manifold and the screen with an ammeter in series therewith for readout.

    Abstract translation: 一种电离检测器，其中蒸汽样品流过β粒子的电离辐射源并通过复合区域，该复合区域迫使样品通过由一系列平行的相邻和间隔开的绝缘垫圈组成的曲折路径，该垫圈围绕轴安装在轴上 具有不同选择开口的垫圈。 样品首先通过还具有开口的金属歧管，然后穿过垫圈，随后是包括导电材料屏幕的离子收集区域。 直流电压源用歧管和屏幕与串联的电流表连接用于读出。

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