公开(公告)号：US4663772A

公开(公告)日：1987-05-05

申请号：US782010

申请日：1985-09-30

Applicant: Rodney A. Mattson ,  Leslie J. Williams

Inventor： Rodney A. Mattson ,  Leslie J. Williams

IPC: A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/03 ,  G01N23/04 ,  H05G1/26 ,  H05G1/60 ,  G01D18/00

CPC classification number: A61B6/583 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/482 ,  H05G1/26 ,  H05G1/60

Abstract: A phantom (FIG. 1) has a bone mineral standard (B) surrounded by tissue equivalent material (A) with a plurality of different cross sections. The phantom is disposed in an image region (44) of a tomographic scanner (FIG. 2). Scans are conducted through a plurality of different cross sections of the phantom to reconstruct a plurality of phantom image representations (62). The plurality of phantom image representations are stored by size in a correction memory (70). Thereafter, a patient is disposed on a patient table (50) in the image region and an image is taken through the patient's mid-section between the L2 and L5 vertebrae. A patient image representation is reconstructed and stored in an image memory (64). A slice size calculation circuit (72) determines the size of the patient slice. The correction memory is addressed with the calculated size to retrieve the phantom image representation of the most similar size. An image correction circuit (74) calibrates the patient image representation in accordance with the retrieved phantom image representation.

Abstract translation: 体模（图1）具有由具有多个不同横截面的组织当量材料（A）包围的骨矿物质标准物（B）。 该体模设置在层析扫描器的图像区域（44）中（图2）。 通过幻像的多个不同横截面进行扫描以重建多个幻影图像表示（62）。 多个幻像图像表示通过大小存储在校正存储器（70）中。 此后，患者被布置在图像区域中的患者台（50）上，并且通过患者在L2和L5椎骨之间的中间部分拍摄图像。 患者图像表示被重建并存储在图像存储器（64）中。 切片尺寸计算电路（72）确定患者切片的尺寸。 校正存储器用计算的大小来寻址以检索最相似大小的幻像图像表示。 图像校正电路（74）根据所检索的幻影图像表示来校准患者图像表示。

公开(公告)号：US4071769A

公开(公告)日：1978-01-31

申请号：US662593

申请日：1976-03-01

Applicant: Carl J. Brunnett ,  Jerome R. Cox, Jr. ,  Donald L. Snyder ,  Rodney A. Mattson

Inventor： Carl J. Brunnett ,  Jerome R. Cox, Jr. ,  Donald L. Snyder ,  Rodney A. Mattson

IPC: A61B6/03 ,  G01N23/00

CPC classification number: A61B6/4488 ,  A61B6/032 ,  Y10S378/901

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for transaxial tomographic scanning of a patient. A scanning system is provided having a rotatably mounted X-ray radiation source/detector pair which orbits and radially scans the patient in the plane of orbit. The source provides a plurality of beams of radiation having axes in the orbital plane. The beams pass through the patient to an array of detectors each of which is aligned with one of the beams. Radiation intensity data is collected at predetermined orientations of each beam/detector pair as the assembly orbits about the patient. In a preferred embodiment the rotatably mounted source-detector pair is rotated as a unit through a preselected rotation angle .phi. about an axis effectively passing through the source. The axis and the source-detector pair connected to it are then orbited around the patient through an orbit angle .gamma. while maintaining the preselected rotation angle .phi.. The axis is orbited about an origin lying in the orbital plane. A set of measurements is taken during the orbit as the beams from the X-ray source sweep through substantially uniformly spaced, coplanar points [t(k), .phi.(n)] defined about the origin. After an orbit, the rotation angle .phi. is incremented, and the source detector pair re-orbits the patient for providing a new set of measurement data corresponding to the incremental rotation angle .phi.. Exact reconstruction is achieved after several orbit cycles when measurements are taken at the angles .phi., .gamma. characterized substantially as ##EQU1## WHERE D REPRESENTS THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE ORIGIN AND THE CENTER OF ROTATION, AND K, N ARE INTEGERS.

Abstract translation: 一种用于患者的横断层扫描的改进的方法和装置。 提供扫描系统，其具有可旋转地安装的X射线辐射源/检测器对，其在轨道平面中轨道和径向扫描患者。 源提供多个在轨道平面中具有轴的辐射光束。 光束通过患者到一组检测器，每个检测器与一个光束对准。 随着组件围绕患者轨道，辐射强度数据被收集在每个束/检测器对的预定取向处。 在优选实施例中，可旋转地安装的源 - 检测器对作为一个单元通过围绕有效地穿过源的轴的预选旋转角度φ1旋转。 然后连接到其上的轴和源 - 检测器对绕着患者通过轨道角γ，同时保持预选的旋转角度phi。 轴围绕位于轨道平面中的原点绕轨道运动。 在轨道中采取一组测量，因为来自X射线源的光束扫描基于原点定义的基本均匀间隔的共面点[t（k），phi（n）]。 在轨道之后，旋转角度phi增加，并且源检测器对重新轨道到患者，以提供对应于增量旋转角度phi的一组新的测量数据。 在几个轨道周期之后实现精确的重建，当以角度phi进行测量时，γ基本上表示为：在图像中表示原子与旋转中心之间的距离，K，N是整数。

公开(公告)号：US3976885A

公开(公告)日：1976-08-24

申请号：US559411

申请日：1975-03-18

Applicant: Carl J. Brunnett ,  Jerome R. Cox, Jr. ,  Donald L. Snyder ,  Rodney A. Mattson

Inventor： Carl J. Brunnett ,  Jerome R. Cox, Jr. ,  Donald L. Snyder ,  Rodney A. Mattson

IPC: A61B6/03 ,  G01N25/00

CPC classification number: A61B6/4488 ,  A61B6/032 ,  Y10S378/901

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for transaxial tomographic scanning of a patient. A scanning system is provided having a rotatably mounted X-ray radiation source/detector pair which orbits and radially scans the patient in the plane of orbit. The source provides a plurality of beams of radiation having axes in the orbital plane. The beams pass through the patient to an array of detectors each of which is aligned with one of the beams. Radiation intensity data is collected at predetermined orientations of each beam/detector pair as the assembly orbits about the patient. In a preferred embodiment the rotatably mounted source-detector pair is rotated as a unit through a preselected rotation angle .phi. about an axis effectively passing through the source. The axis and the source-detector pair connected to it are then orbited around the patient through an orbit angle .gamma. while maintaining the preselected rotation angle .phi.. The axis is orbited about an origin lying in the orbital plane. A set of measurements is taken during the orbit as the beams from the X-ray source sweep through substantially uniformly spaced, coplanar points [t(k), .theta.(n)] defined about the origin. After an orbit, the rotation angle .phi. is incremented, and the source detector pair re-orbits the patient for providing a new set of measurement data corresponding to the incremental rotation angle .phi.. Exact reconstruction is achieved after several orbit cycles when measurements are taken at the angles .phi., .gamma. characterized substantially as ##EQU1## OF ROTATION, AND K, N ARE INTEGERS.

Abstract translation: 一种用于患者的横断层扫描的改进的方法和装置。 提供扫描系统，其具有可旋转地安装的X射线辐射源/检测器对，其在轨道平面中轨道和径向扫描患者。 源提供多个在轨道平面中具有轴的辐射光束。 光束通过患者到一组检测器，每个检测器与一个光束对准。 随着组件围绕患者轨道，辐射强度数据被收集在每个束/检测器对的预定取向处。 在优选实施例中，可旋转地安装的源 - 检测器对作为一个单元通过围绕有效地穿过源的轴的预选旋转角度φ1旋转。 然后连接到其上的轴和源 - 检测器对绕着患者通过轨道角γ，同时保持预选的旋转角度phi。 轴围绕位于轨道平面中的原点绕轨道运动。 在轨道期间进行一组测量，因为来自X射线源的光束扫描基于原点定义的基本均匀间隔的共面点[t（k），θ（n）]。 在轨道之后，旋转角度phi增加，并且源检测器对重新轨道到患者，以提供对应于增量旋转角度phi的一组新的测量数据。 在几个轨道周期之后实现精确的重建，当以角度phi进行测量时，γ基本上表示为k DELTA t phi = sin 1和γ= phi + n DELTAθ，旋转角，和K，N为整数 。

公开(公告)号：US09000382B2

公开(公告)日：2015-04-07

申请号：US13128883

申请日：2009-10-29

Applicant: Rodney A. Mattson ,  Randall P. Luhta ,  Marc A. Chappo

Inventor： Rodney A. Mattson ,  Randall P. Luhta ,  Marc A. Chappo

IPC: G01T1/20 ,  G01T1/00

CPC classification number: G01T1/2018 ,  G01T1/00 ,  G01T1/161

Abstract: A one-dimensional multi-element photo detector (120) includes a photodiode array (122) with a first upper row of photodiode pixels and a second lower row of photodiode pixels. The photodiode array (122) is part of the photo detector (120). A scintillator array (126) includes a first upper row and a second lower row of scintillator pixels. The first upper and second lower rows of scintillator pixels are respectively optically coupled to the first upper and second lower rows of photodiode pixels. The photo detector (120) also includes readout electronics (124), which are also part of the photo detector (120). Electrical traces (512) interconnect the photodiode pixels and the readout electronics (124).

Abstract translation: 一维多元素光电检测器（120）包括具有第一上行光电二极管像素和第二下行光电二极管像素的光电二极管阵列（122）。 光电二极管阵列（122）是光电检测器（120）的一部分。 闪烁体阵列（126）包括第一上列和第二下列闪烁体像素。 闪烁体像素的第一上，下下排分别光耦合到光电二极管像素的第一上列和第二下行。 光检测器（120）还包括读出电路（124），其也是光电检测器（120）的一部分。 电迹线（512）将光电二极管像素和读出电路（124）互连。

公开(公告)号：US20120049074A1

公开(公告)日：2012-03-01

申请号：US13319100

申请日：2010-04-14

Applicant: Randall P. Luhta ,  Rodney A. Mattson ,  Brian E. Harwood

Inventor： Randall P. Luhta ,  Rodney A. Mattson ,  Brian E. Harwood

IPC: G01T1/20 ,  B23P6/00 ,  G01T1/16

CPC classification number: G01T1/2985

Abstract: A radiation sensitive detector array includes a plurality of detector modules (118) extending along a z-axis direction and aligned along an x-axis direction with respect to the imaging system (100). At least one of the detector modules (118) includes a module backbone (124) and at least one detector tile (122). The at least one detector tile (122) is coupled to the module backbone (124) through a non-threaded fastener (142). The at least one detector tile (122) includes a two-dimensional detector (126) and a two-dimensional anti-scatter grid (128) that is focused at a focal spot (112) of an imaging system (100).

Abstract translation: 辐射敏感检测器阵列包括沿着z轴方向延伸并且相对于成像系统（100）沿x轴方向排列的多个检测器模块（118）。 检测器模块（118）中的至少一个包括模块主干（124）和至少一个检测器瓦片（122）。 至少一个检测器瓦片（122）通过非螺纹紧固件（142）联接到模块主干（124）。 至少一个检测器瓦片（122）包括聚焦在成像系统（100）的焦点（112）处的二维检测器（126）和二维防散射网格（128）。

公开(公告)号：US20080298541A1

公开(公告)日：2008-12-04

申请号：US12159861

申请日：2007-01-04

Applicant: Rodney A. Mattson ,  Marc A. Chappo ,  Randall P. Luhta

Inventor： Rodney A. Mattson ,  Marc A. Chappo ,  Randall P. Luhta

IPC: A61B6/03

CPC classification number: A61B6/585 ,  A61B6/032

Abstract: An ionizing radiation detector module (22) includes a detector array (200), a memory (202), signal processing electronics (208), a communications interface (210), and a connector (212). The memory contains detector performance parameters (204) and detector correction algorithms (206). The signal processing electronics (208) uses the detector performance parameters (204) to correct signals from the detector array (200) in accordance with the detector correction algorithms (206).

Abstract translation: 电离辐射检测器模块（22）包括检测器阵列（200），存储器（202），信号处理电子器件（208），通信接口（210）和连接器（212）。 存储器包含检测器性能参数（204）和检测器校正算法（206）。 信号处理电子设备（208）根据检测器校正算法（206）使用检测器性能参数（204）来校正来自检测器阵列（200）的信号。

公开(公告)号：US06553092B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-22

申请号：US09519704

申请日：2000-03-07

Applicant: Rodney A. Mattson ,  Olga Shapiro

Inventor： Rodney A. Mattson ,  Olga Shapiro

IPC: A61B600

CPC classification number: G01T1/2018

Abstract: X-rays from an x-ray tube (16) pass through an examination region (14) and are detected by a single or two-dimensional x-ray detector (20). The x-ray detector (20) includes an array (22) of photodiodes, CCD devices, or other opto-electrical transducer elements. A matching array (24) of transparent scintillator crystals, e.g., CdWO4, is supported on and optically coupled to the photoelectric transducer array. A layer (26) of a high efficiency scintillator with a good spectral match with the opto-electrical transducer array but with limited light transmissiveness is optically coupled to the transparent scintillator array. The layer (26) is preferably zinc selenide ZnSe (Te). Electrical signals from the transducer array are reconstructed (32) into an image representation and converted into a human-readable display (38). To reduce cross-talk, the zinc selenide layer is etched with pits (40), sliced into strips (26′), cut into rectangles (26″), or has channels (44) cut into it. Scatter grids (46) are advantageously received in the channels. Alternately, the zinc selenide can be powdered, encased in a transparent binder, and applied as a coating layer (26″′) to the individual transparent scintillator elements.

Abstract translation: 来自X射线管（16）的X射线通过检查区域（14），并由单个或二维X射线检测器（20）检测。 X射线检测器（20）包括光电二极管阵列（22），CCD器件或其它光电换能器元件。 透明闪烁体晶体（例如CdWO 4）的匹配阵列（24）被支撑在光电转换器阵列上并光耦合到光电转换器阵列。 与光电换能器阵列具有良好光谱匹配但具有有限的光透射率的高效闪烁器的层（26）被光耦合到透明闪烁体阵列。 层（26）优选为硒化锌ZnSe（Te）。 将来自换能器阵列的电信号重构（32）成图像表示并转换成人类可读显示器（38）。 为了减少串扰，硒化锌层用凹坑（40）蚀刻，切成条状（26'），切成矩形（26“），或者具有切入其中的通道（44）。 散布网格（46）有利地被接收在通道中。 或者，硒化锌可以被粉末化，包裹在透明粘合剂中，并作为涂层（26“'）施加到单独的透明闪烁体元件。

公开(公告)号：US06510195B1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-21

申请号：US09908347

申请日：2001-07-18

Applicant: Marc A. Chappo ,  Randall P. Luhta ,  Rodney A. Mattson ,  Pieter G. Roos

Inventor： Marc A. Chappo ,  Randall P. Luhta ,  Rodney A. Mattson ,  Pieter G. Roos

IPC: A61B600

CPC classification number: H01L27/14661 ,  G01T1/2018 ,  G01T1/202 ,  G01T1/2985

Abstract: A CT scanner (10) includes a reconstruction processor (32) and a mosaic X-Radiation detector (20). The mosaic detector includes plural detector elements (22, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26) arranged in abutting relationship and configured for the desired imaging application. The detector elements include scintillating crystals (50) in optical communication with a back-illuminated photodiode array (52) or modified top-surface photodiode array (152, 252) for converting emitted light into electrical charge. The photodiode array is mounted on a carrier substrate (58) via bump (56) bonding. The carrier substrate provides a conductive path routing the photodiode array output through to contacts on the back side for connection to readout electronics (60). The carrier substrate and readout electronics are contained within the footprint defined by the photodiode array, allowing the detector elements to be abutted on any and all sides, thus permitting the mosaic detector to be tailored to any desired size and shape.

Abstract translation: CT扫描器（10）包括重构处理器（32）和马赛克X辐射检测器（20）。 马赛克检测器包括以邻接关系布置的多个检测器元件（22,22,23,24,25,26），并且被配置用于期望的成像应用。 检测器元件包括与背照式光电二极管阵列（52）或修改的顶表面光电二极管阵列（152,252）光学通信的闪烁晶体（50），用于将发射的光转换成电荷。 光电二极管阵列经由凸块（56）接合而安装在载体基板（58）上。 载体衬底提供将光电二极管阵列输出穿过至背侧的触点的导电路径，用于连接到读出电子器件（60）。 载体衬底和读出电子器件包含在由光电二极管阵列限定的覆盖区内，允许检测器元件抵靠在任何侧面和所有侧面上，从而允许马赛克检测器被调整为任何所需的尺寸和形状。

公开(公告)号：US4751644A

公开(公告)日：1988-06-14

申请号：US792069

申请日：1985-10-28

Applicant: Narasimharao Koka ,  Heang K. Tuy ,  Gordon D. DeMeester ,  Rodney A. Mattson

Inventor： Narasimharao Koka ,  Heang K. Tuy ,  Gordon D. DeMeester ,  Rodney A. Mattson

IPC: A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/03 ,  G01N23/04 ,  G06T11/00 ,  G06F15/42

CPC classification number: A61B6/541 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4275 ,  G06T11/006 ,  G06T2211/412

Abstract: In a fourth generation CT scanner, source views or data sets are generated for reconstruction processing. A fan beam (16) of radiation rays is rotated around an image region (12) to irradiate subsets of detectors of a detector ring (10). A data sampler (B) samples the detectors of each irradiated subset a plurality of times, each time with the radiation fan beam displaced incremently from the preceding time to generate a plurality of the source views or data sheets from the same detectors. A plurality of consecutive source views or data sets are interleaved to produce a signal interleaved view or data fan. More specifically, the data sets are stored in data set memories (20-26) and interleaved serially into a data fan memory (30). Each time the fan beam rotates sufficiently to irradiate a different detector subset, an additional plurality of data sets are generated and interleaved into another data fan. The data fans are reconstructed (E) into a representation of an image of radiation absorptive properties of an object disposed in the image region. This reconstruction method is especially applicable to cardiac synchronization or gated patient scanning. This method improves the dynamic scan capacity of fourth generation scanners, improves tolerance to detector drifts, and improves tolerance to temporal x-ray fluctuations.

Abstract translation: 在第四代CT扫描仪中，生成源视图或数据集用于重建处理。 辐射线的扇形光束（16）围绕图像区域（12）旋转以照射检测器环（10）的检测器的子集。 数据采样器（B）多次对每个辐射子集的检测器进行采样，每次辐射风扇光束从前一时刻逐渐偏移，从相同的检测器生成多个源视图或数据表。 多个连续的源视图或数据组被交织以产生信号交错视图或数据风扇。 更具体地说，数据组被存储在数据集存储器（20-26）中并且串行地交织到数据风扇存储器（30）中。 每次风扇光束旋转足够以照射不同的检测器子集时，产生附加的多个数据集并交织到另一个数据风扇中。 将数据风扇重建（E）成设置在图像区域中的物体的辐射吸收特性的图像的表示。 该重建方法特别适用于心脏同步或门控病人扫描。 该方法提高了第四代扫描仪的动态扫描能力，提高了对探测器漂移的耐受性，并提高了对时间X射线波动的耐受性。

公开(公告)号：US4008400A

公开(公告)日：1977-02-15

申请号：US635952

申请日：1975-11-28

Applicant: Carl J. Brunnett ,  Jerome R. Cox, Jr. ,  Donald L. Snyder ,  Rodney A. Mattson

Inventor： Carl J. Brunnett ,  Jerome R. Cox, Jr. ,  Donald L. Snyder ,  Rodney A. Mattson

IPC: A61B6/03 ,  G01N23/06

CPC classification number: A61B6/4014 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4488

Abstract: A dual axial scanner in a transverse tomography system collects nonredundant data throughout one or more substantially 360.degree. orbital scan paths with uniform motion about a patient. A set of N X-ray beams scans the patient in a manner to allow collection of two sets of non-redundant data corresponding to a pair of 180.degree. scans in each 360.degree. scan. Overall time to conduct the study is decreased, and the number of required accelerations and decelerations of the assemblies is minimized.Adjacent beams of radiation are separated by an angle .alpha., which is one degree in the preferred embodiment to provide a radiation field of ##EQU1## degrees on either side of a center of the radiation field. The source and detector assemblies are positioned prior to the first orbit such that the field center is offset a distance D from a center of orbit lying in the orbital plane. The source and detector assemblies are mounted for rotation through a rotation angle .phi..sub.j about an orbital source axis which passes through the source assembly at a distance d from the center of orbit. While maintaining the offset distance D, the assemblies orbit the patient, and radiation intensity data is collected at predetermined angles .gamma..sub.j of orbit.In one embodiment for doubling the effective field size of the patient scanned, the source and detector assemblies are rotated about the source axis to provide the distance D. From an initial position on the center of orbit, the assemblies are rotated by an offset angle ##EQU2## degrees where R is the number of total orbits selected to constitute a complete study. In another embodiment for single field exposure the source and detector assemblies are rotated by the offset angle .phi. defined substantially by the equation ##EQU3## degrees, where "b" is zero for an odd number N of detectors and is one for an even number N of detectors. For multiorbit studies, the assemblies are rotated between orbits by an amount ##EQU4## degrees depending on the study.

Abstract translation: 横向断层摄影系统中的双轴扫描仪在一个或多个基本上360°的轨道扫描路径中收集非冗余数据，并以围绕患者的均匀运动。 一组N X射线束以每360度扫描的方式扫描患者，以便收集对应于一对180度扫描的两组非冗余数据。 总体来说，进行研究的时间减少了，组件所需的加速度和减速度的数量被最小化。