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公开(公告)号：US10715204B2
公开(公告)日：2020-07-14
申请号：US16145857
申请日：2018-09-28
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Joonhoi Hur , Rastislav Vazny , Ronald W. Dimpflmaier
Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for operating in either frequency division duplexing (FDD) or time division duplexing (TDD) for wireless communications using the same electrical balance duplexer (EBD) circuitry in a transceiver device are provided. A series of switches may selectively couple components of the EBD, such as a low noise amplifier (LNA), a power amplifier (PA), and balancing impedance, to ground based on selected operation mode (e.g., FDD or TDD) while reducing insertion loss of the receiver (RX) and transmitter (TX) signals. Tuned matching network blocks for the LNA and PA may be used in addition to the series of switches to provide impedance matching for additional reduction of insertion loss.
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公开(公告)号：US20200083867A1
公开(公告)日：2020-03-12
申请号：US16123826
申请日：2018-09-06
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Joonhoi Hur , Rastislav Vazny , Ronald W. Dimpflmaier
Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for reducing insertion loss and/or swapping transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) frequencies in an electrical balance duplexer (EBD) used in a transceiver device for frequency division duplexing (FDD) applications are provided. Feed-forward receiver path from the antenna to a low noise amplifier (LNA) and a feed-forward path from the antenna to a power amplifier (PA) of the EBD may be used for reducing insertion loss of the RX and TX signals. In some embodiments, switches may be used to selectively alter operational modes for varied levels of isolation and/or swapping of TX and RX frequencies.
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公开(公告)号：US10530615B1
公开(公告)日：2020-01-07
申请号：US16297235
申请日：2019-03-08
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Joonhoi Hur , Rastislav Vazny , Ronald William Dimpflmaier
Abstract: The representative embodiments discussed in the present disclosure relate to techniques in which isolation between transmission signals and received signals in a transceiver may be maintained across a range of transceiver operating conditions, such as across range of output powers of a power amplifier of the transceiver. More specifically, an electrical balance duplexer may be implemented to include an adaptive power equalizer and a power equalizer control such that the attenuation of the electrical balance duplexer may be adjusted based on the transceiver operating conditions. For instance, a method may be employed to determine the output power of the power amplifier and to adjust the attenuation of the adaptive power equalizer based in part on the output power to maintain isolation between the transmission signals and the received signals.
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公开(公告)号：US20240333325A1
公开(公告)日：2024-10-03
申请号：US18743593
申请日：2024-06-14
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Joonhoi Hur , Jochen Schrattenecker , Bin Xiao , Andre Hanke , Harald Pretl , Rastislav Vazny , Bernhard Sogl , Andreas Menkhoff
CPC classification number: H04B1/1027 , H04B1/123 , H04B15/005
Abstract: An electronic device may include wireless circuitry with a transmit antenna that transmits signals and a receive antenna that receives reflected signals. The wireless circuitry may detect a range between the device and an external object based on the transmitted signals and the reflected signals. When the range exceeds a first threshold, the wireless circuitry may use the transmitted signals and received signals to record background noise. When the range is less than a second threshold value, the wireless circuitry may detect the range based on the reflected signals and the recorded background noise. This may allow the range to be accurately measured within an ultra-short range domain even when the device is placed in different device cases, placed on different surfaces, etc.
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公开(公告)号：US20230417900A1
公开(公告)日：2023-12-28
申请号：US18456429
申请日：2023-08-25
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Joonhoi Hur , Andreas Menkhoff , Bernhard Sogl , Jochen Schrattenecker , Rastislav Vazny
Abstract: An electronic device may include a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) sensor disposed along a radio-frequency transmission line between a signal generator and an antenna. The VSWR sensor may gather VSWR measurements from radio-frequency signals transmitted by the signal generator over the transmission line. Control circuitry may identify a variation in the VSWR measurements over time and may compare the variation to a threshold value to determine whether an external object in the vicinity of the antenna is animate or inanimate. The control circuitry may reduce the maximum transmit power level of the antenna when the external object is animate and may maintain or increase the maximum transmit power level when the external object is inanimate. This may serve to maximize the wireless performance of the electronic device while also ensuring that the device complies with regulatory limits on radio-frequency energy exposure.
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US11782151B2
公开(公告)日：2023-10-10
申请号：US17332221
申请日：2021-05-27
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Joonhoi Hur , Andreas Menkhoff , Bernhard Sogl , Jochen Schrattenecker , Rastislav Vazny
Abstract: An electronic device may include a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) sensor disposed along a radio-frequency transmission line between a signal generator and an antenna. The VSWR sensor may gather VSWR measurements from radio-frequency signals transmitted by the signal generator over the transmission line. Control circuitry may identify a variation in the VSWR measurements over time and may compare the variation to a threshold value to determine whether an external object in the vicinity of the antenna is animate or inanimate. The control circuitry may reduce the maximum transmit power level of the antenna when the external object is animate and may maintain or increase the maximum transmit power level when the external object is inanimate. This may serve to maximize the wireless performance of the electronic device while also ensuring that the device complies with regulatory limits on radio-frequency energy exposure.
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公开(公告)号：US11705927B2
公开(公告)日：2023-07-18
申请号：US17481114
申请日：2021-09-21
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Joonhoi Hur , Rastislav Vazny
CPC classification number: H04B1/0057 , H03F1/0288 , H03F1/56 , H04B1/123 , H03F2200/451
Abstract: A duplexer may be used to isolate a transmitter and a receiver that share a common antenna. By using impedance gradients to provide impedances that cause balance-unbalance transformers (balun) of the duplexer to cut-off access to the common antenna rather than duplicate the antenna impedance, the duplexer is balanced. Such cut-offs may have a lower insertion loss than a duplexer that merely duplicates the antenna impedance to separate the differential signals of the receiver and transmitter from the common mode signal.
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公开(公告)号：US11652675B2
公开(公告)日：2023-05-16
申请号：US17932665
申请日：2022-09-15
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Oliver Georg Dorn , Björn Lenhart , Joonhoi Hur , Rastislav Vazny
IPC: H04L27/26
CPC classification number: H04L27/2601
Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein relate to reducing or substantially eliminating an insertion loss caused by isolating a transmit circuit from a receive circuit of an electronic device. To do so, an isolation circuit may be disposed between the transmit circuit and the receive circuit. The isolation circuit may have a first signal path and a second signal path. A first portion of the signal may propagate along the first signal path and a second portion of the signal may propagate along the second signal path. A phase shifter may be disposed on the first signal path to shift a phase of the first portion to match a phase of the second portion. The phase-shifted first portion may be combined with the second portion to reduce or substantially eliminate an insertion loss caused by the isolation circuit.
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公开(公告)号：US20230100595A1
公开(公告)日：2023-03-30
申请号：US17881513
申请日：2022-08-04
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Joonhoi Hur , Harald Pretl
Abstract: An electronic device may include wireless circuitry with one or more antennas that transmit radio-frequency signals and that receive corresponding reflected signals. The wireless circuitry may detect a range to an external object based on the transmitted and received signals. The wireless circuitry may include a receive path having a mixer, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and a filter between the mixer and the ADC. The receive path may include a bypass path with a switch coupled around the filter. The wireless circuitry may detect the range to the external object within an ultra-short range (USR) domain when the switch is closed, thereby bypassing the filter in the receive path. The wireless circuitry may detect the range to the external object within a far-field domain when the switch is open. The filter may filter the reflected signals to remove undesired leakage and maximize dynamic range.
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公开(公告)号：US11438131B2
公开(公告)日：2022-09-06
申请号：US17188574
申请日：2021-03-01
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Nedim Muharemovic , Joonhoi Hur , Rastislav Vazny
Abstract: An electrical balance duplexer (EBD) may be used to isolate a transmitter and receiver that share a common antenna. By using impedance gradients to provide impedances that cause balance-unbalance transformers (balun) of the EBD to cut-off access to the common antenna rather than duplicate the antenna impedance, the EBD is balanced. Such cut-offs may have a lower insertion loss than an EBD that merely duplicates the antenna impedance to separate the differential signals of the receiver/transmitter from the common mode signal.
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