摘要:
Metrics for characterizing the focusing of a plenoptic imaging system. In one aspect, the metric is based on the high frequency content and/or the blurring of the plenoptic image.
摘要:
A digital-optical imaging system can be operated in two modes, which shall be referred to as broadband mode and grayscale mode. In broadband mode, different color images are captured and then image processed together. The optics are intentionally aberrated to increase the depth of field, with the image processing compensating for the aberrations. In grayscale mode, the different color images are captured and then image processed separately. The color images are assumed to be correlated so that it is not necessary to have clear images of all color channels. Accordingly, the optics are designed so that the different color images focus at different locations, thus increasing the overall depth of field where at least one color image is in focus.
摘要:
An electro-optic imaging system includes an aberrated triplet lens, a detector subsystem and a digital image processing subsystem. The triplet lens is not fully corrected for all aberrations (typically suffering from significant spherical aberration), with the digital image processing subsystem compensating for deficiencies in the triplet lens. In this way, an increased depth of field can be realized.
摘要:
A unified design strategy takes into account different subsystems within an overall electro-optic imaging system. In one implementation, the design methodology predicts end-to-end imaging performance using a spatial model for the source and models for the optical subsystem, the detector subsystem and the digital image processing subsystem. The optical subsystem and digital image processing subsystems are jointly designed taking into account the entire system. The intermediate image produced by the optical subsystem is not required to be high quality since, for example, the quality may be corrected by the digital image processing subsystem.
摘要:
One embodiment of the writing instrument described herein comprises a pen-like device containing three accelerometers and three gyroscopes. Data from these sensors are processed via an Euler transform. Prior to using the writing instrument, the user holds the writing instrument in multiple predefined positions and sensor readings are taken. The sensor readings are mapped to the corresponding predefined positions. In addition, the sensor readings are compared to expected sensor readings to compensate for environmental variations such as altitude or temperature as well as for the possible tilt of a writing surface. The sensor readings are interpolated to map sensor readings other than those at the predefined positions to other writing instrument positions. When the user writes with the writing instrument, sensor outputs are used to track the writing instrument to define strokes made by the user. The data describing the strokes may be stored or processed to accomplish a variety of tasks including faxing a message, recording information, etc.
摘要:
An apparatus for presenting on-line documents is provided. The device is coupled to and for use with a network providing access to interconnected, on-line documents in response to document requests. The device comprises a cursor control device and at least one position sensor, wherein the position sensor determines a location of the cursor control device. The at least one position sensor is coupled to a display device. The display device displays a cursor that is responsive to the cursor control device. The display device displays on-line documents in response to document requests made via the cursor.
摘要:
A manual entry interactive paper and electronic document handling and process system uses a pen-like instrument (PI) with a writing point for making written entries upon a physical document and sensing the three-dimensional forces exerted on the writing tip as well as the motion associated with the act of writing. The PI is also equipped with a CCD array for reading pre-printed bar codes used for identifying document pages and other application defined areas on the page, as well as for providing optical character recognition data. A communication link between the PI and an associated base unit transfers the transducer data from the PI. The base unit includes a programmable processor, a display, and a communication link receiver. The processor includes programs for written character and word recognition, memory for storage of an electronic version of the physical document and any hand-written additions to the document. The display unit displays the corresponding electronic version of the physical document on a CRT or LCD as a means of feedback to the user and for use by authorized electronic agents.
摘要:
A document processing system in which a server subsystem stores information corresponding to a document containing human readable and machine readable information and a client subsystem receives the document and interprets the machine readable information. The client subsystem contacts the server to verify validity of information in the document using a communications network that allows information to be exchanged between the server and the client.
摘要:
A compact disc (CD) read sensor apparatus for reading data from a CD track uses multiple laser beams for performing both tracking and reading data. In one embodiment, two laser beams are used to track by controlling the radial position of the two beams that are nominally radially disposed towards opposite edges of the recorded track. A differential signal is used to obtain tracking information and a sum signal is used to produce a read signal. In another embodiment, three laser beams are used corresponding to prior art three beam systems using two beams nominally disposed towards opposite edges for tracking and a center beam for reading. The three beams are combined to form an enhanced read signal with an improved signal-to-noise ratio over that obtained by any one beam. The combining operation includes adjusting for any relative delays between the multiple beam signals detected by the photocells to produce synchronous laser beam signals followed by a summing operation that may optionally include optimal combining operations such as weighted summing, filtering, and neural network processing.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for designing a multilayer feed forward neural network that produces a design having a minimum number of connecting weights is based on a novel iterative procedure for inverting the full Hessian matrix of the neural network. The inversion of the full Hessian matrix results in a practical strategy for pruning weights of a trained neural network. The error caused by pruning is minimized by a correction that is applied to remaining (un-pruned) weights thus reducing the need for retraining. However, retraining may be applied to the network possibly leading to further the simplification of the network design.