公开(公告)号：US06455841B2

公开(公告)日：2002-09-24

申请号：US09874641

申请日：2001-06-05

申请人： Gan Zhou ,  Kuang-Yi Wu

发明人： Gan Zhou ,  Kuang-Yi Wu

IPC分类号： G02F101

CPC分类号： H04J14/06 ,  G02B6/29302 ,  G02B6/29386 ,  H04J14/02 ,  Y10S359/90

摘要： A method and apparatus for optical wavelength routing separates even and odd optical channels from an input WDM signal. The input beam is first converted to at least one pair of orthogonally-polarized beams. A split-mirror resonator has a front mirror with two regions having different reflectivities, and a reflective back mirror spaced a predetermined distance behind the front mirror. Each of the orthogonally-polarized beams is incident on a corresponding region of the front mirror of the split-mirror resonator. A portion of each beam is reflected by the front mirror, which the remainder of each beam enters the resonator cavity where it is reflected by the back mirror back through the front mirror. The group delay of each reflected beam is strongly dependent on wavelength. The two reflected beams from the resonator are combined and interfere in a birefringent element (e.g., a beam displacer or waveplates) to produce a beam having mixed polarization as a function of wavelength. The polarized components of this beam are separated by a polarization-dependent routing element (e.g., a polarized beamsplitter) to produce two output beams containing complimentary subsets of the input optical spectrum (e.g., even optical channels are routed to output port A and odd optical channels are routed to output port B).

摘要翻译： 用于光波长路由的方法和装置将偶数和奇数光信道与输入WDM信号分开。 输入光束首先被转换成至少一对正交偏振光束。 分裂镜谐振器具有前反射镜，具有不同反射率的两个区域，以及在前反射镜后面隔开预定距离的反射后视镜。 每个正交偏振光束入射在分裂镜谐振器的前反射镜的相应区域上。 每个光束的一部分被前反射镜反射，每个光束的其余部分进入谐振腔，在其中反射镜通过前反射镜反射回来。 每个反射光束的群延迟强烈依赖于波长。 来自谐振器的两个反射光束被组合并且干涉双折射元件（例如，光束置换器或波片），以产生具有作为波长的函数的混合极化的光束。 该光束的极化分量由偏振相关的路由元件（例如，偏振分束器）分离，以产生包含输入光谱的互补子集的两个输出光束（例如，甚至光信道被路由到输出端口A和奇数光学 通道路由到输出端口B）。

公开(公告)号：US5724165A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-03

申请号：US685150

申请日：1996-07-23

申请人： Kuang-Yi Wu

发明人： Kuang-Yi Wu

IPC分类号： G02F1/31 ,  G02B6/34 ,  H04B10/02 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04Q3/52 ,  H04Q11/00 ,  H04B10/00

CPC分类号： G02F1/31 ,  G02B6/272 ,  H04Q11/0003 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  G02B6/2766 ,  H04J14/0212

摘要： An electromagnetically controlled optical switch having a plurality of optical inputs. An optical signal at each input is spatially decomposed into two coparallel, orthogonally polarized beams by a birefringent element. An array of field-controlled polarization rotators are positioned in the paths of the decomposed light beams so that the polarization of the emergent beam pairs are set to be at one of the orthogonal states (i.e., both beams are either vertical or horizontally polarized). A following birefringent element spatially routes the light beam pairs based upon their polarization. A second array of polarization rotators follows the second birefringent element and is set to be in the opposite state from the first array, such that the emergent beams are orthogonal to their input states before they entered the first polarization rotator. The beams are combined by a birefringent element to form a plurality of combined beams that are coupled to output ports.

摘要翻译： 一种具有多个光输入的电磁控制光开关。 每个输入端的光信号通过双折射元件空间分解成两个并联的正交偏振光束。 场分布的偏振旋转器的阵列位于分解的光束的路径中，使得出射光束对的极化被设置为处于正交状态之一（即，两个光束都是垂直的或水平偏振的）。 随后的双折射元件基于它们的极化在空间上路由光束对。 偏振旋转器的第二阵列遵循第二双折射元件并且被设置为处于与第一阵列相反的状态，使得出射光束在它们进入第一偏振旋转器之前与它们的输入状态正交。 光束通过双折射元件组合以形成耦合到输出端口的多个组合光束。

公开(公告)号：US08467676B2

公开(公告)日：2013-06-18

申请号：US12355220

申请日：2009-01-16

申请人： Fernando Xavier Villarruel ,  Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Fred S. Hirt

发明人： Fernando Xavier Villarruel ,  Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Fred S. Hirt

IPC分类号： H04B10/12 ,  H04B10/08 ,  H04J14/02

CPC分类号： H04B10/032 ,  H04J14/0224 ,  H04J14/0295 ,  H04J14/0297 ,  H04J14/0298

摘要： A multi-wavelength optical transmission system includes a plurality of primary optical transmitters, each being configured to provide directly modulated analog optical signals at non-uniformly spaced apart wavelengths. An optical multiplexer having a plurality of optical input ports receives the analog optical signals from each of the plurality of primary optical transmitters and provides a wavelength division multiplexed signal over an optical fiber coupled at an output thereof. A spare optical transmitter is coupled to an input port of the optical multiplexer and, in response to detecting failure of a failed one of the plurality of primary optical transmitters, is tuned to provide a directly modulated analog optical signal at a spare wavelength that is selected as to be non-uniformly spaced relative to at least some of the non-uniformly spaced apart wavelengths according to tuning data.

摘要翻译： 多波长光传输系统包括多个主光发射机，每个主要光发射机被配置为以非均匀间隔的波长提供直接调制的模拟光信号。 具有多个光输入端口的光复用器从多个主光发射机中的每一个接收模拟光信号，并通过耦合在其输出端的光纤提供波分复用信号。 备用光发射机耦合到光复用器的输入端口，并且响应于检测到多个主光发射机中的故障的一个的主要光发射机的故障被调谐以提供在所选择的备用波长处的直接调制的模拟光信号 根据调谐数据相对于至少一些不均匀间隔的波长而不均匀地间隔开。

公开(公告)号：US20100183294A1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-22

申请号：US12355220

申请日：2009-01-16

申请人： Fernando Xavier Villarruel ,  Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Fred S. Hirt

发明人： Fernando Xavier Villarruel ,  Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Fred S. Hirt

IPC分类号： H04B10/08 ,  H04B10/04

CPC分类号： H04B10/032 ,  H04J14/0224 ,  H04J14/0295 ,  H04J14/0297 ,  H04J14/0298

摘要： A multi-wavelength optical transmission system includes a plurality of primary optical transmitters, each being configured to provide directly modulated analog optical signals at non-uniformly spaced apart wavelengths. An optical multiplexer having a plurality of optical input ports receives the analog optical signals from each of the plurality of primary optical transmitters and provides a wavelength division multiplexed signal over an optical fiber coupled at an output thereof. A spare optical transmitter is coupled to an input port of the optical multiplexer and, in response to detecting failure of a failed one of the plurality of primary optical transmitters, is tuned to provide a directly modulated analog optical signal at a spare wavelength that is selected as to be non-uniformly spaced relative to at least some of the non-uniformly spaced apart wavelengths according to tuning data.

摘要翻译： 多波长光传输系统包括多个主光发射机，每个主要光发射机被配置为以非均匀间隔的波长提供直接调制的模拟光信号。 具有多个光输入端口的光复用器从多个主光发射机中的每一个接收模拟光信号，并通过耦合在其输出端的光纤提供波分复用信号。 备用光发射机耦合到光复用器的输入端口，并且响应于检测到多个主光发射机中的故障的一个的主要光发射机的故障被调谐以提供在所选择的备用波长处的直接调制的模拟光信号 根据调谐数据相对于至少一些不均匀间隔的波长而不均匀地间隔开。

公开(公告)号：US06690846B2

公开(公告)日：2004-02-10

申请号：US09798659

申请日：2001-03-01

申请人： Gan Zhou ,  Kuang-Yi Wu

发明人： Gan Zhou ,  Kuang-Yi Wu

IPC分类号： G02B626

CPC分类号： H04J14/0208 ,  G02B6/272 ,  G02B6/2746 ,  G02B6/29302 ,  G02B6/29349 ,  G02B6/29358 ,  G02B6/29386 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04J14/0213 ,  H04J14/06

摘要： An optical wavelength router separates an input signal into two complementary output signals. A beamsplitter of the wavelength router separates the input signal into a first beam and a second beam. A first resonator reflects the first beam producing a group delay that is dependent on wavelength. Similarly, a second resonator reflects the second beam. The center wavelength of the second resonator is offset relative to that of the first resonator by one half of the free spectral range of the first resonator, so that the resonance frequencies of the second resonator are matched to the anti-resonance frequencies of the first resonator. The beams reflected by the resonators interfere within the beamsplitter to produce two output signals containing complementary subsets of the spectrum of the input signal (e.g., even optical channels are routed to a first output port and the odd optical channels are routed to a second output port).

公开(公告)号：US06243200B1

公开(公告)日：2001-06-05

申请号：US09547812

申请日：2000-04-11

申请人： Gan Zhou ,  Kuang-Yi Wu

发明人： Gan Zhou ,  Kuang-Yi Wu

IPC分类号： G02B530

CPC分类号： H04J14/06 ,  G02B6/29302 ,  G02B6/29386 ,  H04J14/02 ,  Y10S359/90

摘要： A method and apparatus for optical wavelength routing separates even and odd optical channels from an input WDM signal. The input beam is first converted to at least one pair of orthogonally-polarized beams. A split-mirror resonator has a front mirror with two regions having different reflectivities, and a reflective back mirror spaced a predetermined distance behind the front mirror. Each of the orthogonally-polarized beams is incident on a corresponding region of the front mirror of the split-mirror resonator. A portion of each beam is reflected by the front mirror, while the remainder of each beam enters the resonator cavity where it is reflected by the back mirror back through the front mirror. The group delay of each reflected beam is strongly dependent on wavelength. The two reflected beams from the resonator are combined and interfere in a birefringent element (e.g., a beam displacer or waveplates) to produce a beam having mixed polarization as a function of wavelength. The polarized components of this beam are separated by a polarization-dependent routing element (e.g., a polarized beamsplitter) to produce two output beams containing complementary subsets of the input optical spectrum (e.g., even optical channels are routed to output port A and odd optical channels are routed to output port B).

摘要翻译： 用于光波长路由的方法和装置将偶数和奇数光信道与输入WDM信号分开。 输入光束首先被转换成至少一对正交偏振光束。 分裂镜谐振器具有前反射镜，具有不同反射率的两个区域，以及在前反射镜后面隔开预定距离的反射后视镜。 每个正交偏振光束入射在分裂镜谐振器的前反射镜的相应区域上。 每个光束的一部分被前反射镜反射，而每个光束的其余部分进入谐振腔，在其中反射镜通过前反射镜反射回来。 每个反射光束的群延迟强烈依赖于波长。 来自谐振器的两个反射光束被组合并且干涉双折射元件（例如，光束置换器或波片），以产生具有作为波长的函数的混合极化的光束。 该光束的偏振分量由偏振相关的路由元件（例如，偏振分束器）分离，以产生包含输入光谱的互补子集的两个输出光束（例如，甚至光信道被路由到输出端口A和奇数光 通道路由到输出端口B）。

公开(公告)号：US06810171B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-26

申请号：US10739495

申请日：2003-12-18

申请人： Gan Zhou ,  Kuang-Yi Wu

发明人： Gan Zhou ,  Kuang-Yi Wu

IPC分类号： G02B626

CPC分类号： H04J14/0208 ,  G02B6/272 ,  G02B6/2746 ,  G02B6/29302 ,  G02B6/29349 ,  G02B6/29358 ,  G02B6/29386 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04J14/0213 ,  H04J14/06

摘要： An optical wavelength router separates an input signal into two complementary output signals. A beamsplitter of the wavelength router separates the input signal into a first beam and a second beam. A first resonator reflects the first beam producing a group delay that is dependent on wavelength. Similarly, a second resonator reflects the second beam. The center wavelength of the second resonator is offset relative to that of the first resonator by one half of the free spectral range of the first resonator, so that the resonance frequencies of the second resonator are matched to the anti-resonance frequencies of the first resonator. The beams reflected by the resonators interfere within the beamsplitter to produce two output signals containing complementary subsets of the spectrum of the input signal (e.g., even optical channels are routed to a first output port and the odd optical channels are routed to a second output port).

摘要翻译： 光波长路由器将输入信号分为两个互补输出信号。 波长路由器的分束器将输入信号分离成第一波束和第二波束。 第一谐振器反射第一光束产生取决于波长的群延迟。 类似地，第二谐振器反射第二光束。 第二谐振器的中心波长相对于第一谐振器的中心波长偏移了第一谐振器的自由光谱范围的一半，使得第二谐振器的谐振频率与第一谐振器的反谐振频率相匹配 。 由谐振器反射的光束在分束器内干涉以产生包含输入信号的光谱的互补子集的两个输出信号（例如，甚至光信道被路由到第一输出端口，并且奇数光信道被路由到第二输出端口 ）。

公开(公告)号：USRE37044E1

公开(公告)日：2001-02-06

申请号：US09257555

申请日：1999-02-23

申请人： Kuang-Yi Wu

发明人： Kuang-Yi Wu

IPC分类号： G02F11335

CPC分类号： G02B6/29383 ,  G02B6/272 ,  G02B6/2746 ,  G02B6/2766 ,  G02B6/2773 ,  G02B6/29302 ,  G02B6/29358 ,  G02B6/29361 ,  G02B6/29395 ,  G02F1/09 ,  G02F1/31 ,  H04J14/021 ,  H04J14/0212 ,  H04Q11/0003

摘要： In all-optical networks, optical switching and routing become the most important issues for interconnecting the transport network layers. This invention describes a novel tunable optical add/drop filter for the all-optical wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) network applications. This filter can add or drop part of the high transmission capacity signals of a WDM link. It can be used to decentralized access point in the access network or as small core network node to realizing branching points in the network topology. It works in both wavelength and space domains. It has the advantages of: 1) High throughput and low voltage operation; 2) Wide tuning range and therefore, high channel capacity; 3) High isolation and high directivity between input and output ports; 4) Compact device packaging is possible as compares to the conventional grating and mechanical switching type of add/drop filter; 5) Multiple ports add/drop tunable filters can be realized with this invention to interconnect multiple WDM networks. This novel add/drop filter can be used in various WDM topologies. It enhances the performance of the conventional tunable filter by re-routing the rejected wavelengths back to network, which not only save the precious optical energy, but also cut down the return loss of the device.

摘要翻译： 在全光网络中，光交换和路由成为互连传输网层最重要的问题。 本发明描述了一种用于全光波分复用（WDM）网络应用的新型可调谐光分插滤波器。 该滤波器可以添加或丢弃WDM链路的高传输容量信号的一部分。 它可以用于接入网络中的分散接入点或小核心网络节点，以实现网络拓扑中的分支点。 它在波长和空间域都有效。 具有以下优点：1）高通量，低电压运行; 2）宽调谐范围，因此，高通道容量; 3）输入和输出端口之间隔离度高，方向性高; 4）与传统的光栅和机械开关类型的分插滤波器相比，紧凑的器件封装是可能的; 5）可以通过本发明实现多个端口添加/分出可调谐滤波器来互连多个WDM网络。 这种新型的分插式滤波器可用于各种WDM拓扑。 通过将拒绝的波长重新路由回网络，可以提高传统可调滤波器的性能，不仅可以节省宝贵的光能，而且可以降低设备的回波损耗。

公开(公告)号：US5606439A

公开(公告)日：1997-02-25

申请号：US629523

申请日：1996-04-10

申请人： Kuang-Yi Wu

发明人： Kuang-Yi Wu

IPC分类号： G02B6/34 ,  G02F1/09 ,  G02F1/31 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04Q11/00 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/26

CPC分类号： G02B6/29383 ,  G02B6/272 ,  G02B6/2746 ,  G02B6/29302 ,  G02B6/29358 ,  G02B6/29361 ,  G02B6/29395 ,  G02F1/31 ,  H04J14/021 ,  H04Q11/0003 ,  G02B6/2766 ,  G02B6/2773 ,  G02F1/09 ,  H04J14/0212

摘要： In all-optical networks, optical switching and routing become the most important issues for interconnecting the transport network layers. This invention describes a novel tunable optical add/drop filter for the all-optical wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) network applications. This filter can add or drop part of the high transmission capacity signals of a WDM link. It can be used to decentralized access point in the access network or as small core network node to realizing branching points in the network topology. It works in both wavelength and space domains. It has the advantages of: 1) High throughput and low voltage operation; 2) Wide tuning range and therefore, high channel capacity; 3) High isolation and high directivity between input and output ports; 4) Compact device packaging is possible as compares to the conventional grating and mechanical switching type of add/drop filter; 5) Multiple ports add/drop tunable filters can be realized with this invention to interconnect multiple WDM networks. This novel add/drop filter can be used in various WDM topologies. It enhances the performance of the conventional tunable filter by re-routing the rejected wavelengths back to network, which not only save the precious optical energy, but also cut down the return loss of the device.

摘要翻译： 在全光网络中，光交换和路由成为互连传输网层最重要的问题。 本发明描述了一种用于全光波分复用（WDM）网络应用的新型可调谐光分插滤波器。 该滤波器可以添加或丢弃WDM链路的高传输容量信号的一部分。 它可以用于接入网络中的分散接入点或小核心网络节点，以实现网络拓扑中的分支点。 它在波长和空间域都有效。 具有以下优点：1）高通量，低电压运行; 2）宽调谐范围，因此，高通道容量; 3）输入和输出端口之间隔离度高，方向性高; 4）与传统的光栅和机械开关类型的分插滤波器相比，紧凑的器件封装是可能的; 5）可以通过本发明实现多个端口添加/分出可调谐滤波器来互连多个WDM网络。 这种新型的分插式滤波器可用于各种WDM拓扑。 通过将拒绝的波长重新路由回网络，可以提高传统可调滤波器的性能，不仅可以节省宝贵的光能，而且可以降低设备的回波损耗。

公开(公告)号：US08750710B1

公开(公告)日：2014-06-10

申请号：US13184302

申请日：2011-07-15

申请人： Fred S. Hirt ,  Fernando X. Villarruel ,  Kuang-Yi Wu

发明人： Fred S. Hirt ,  Fernando X. Villarruel ,  Kuang-Yi Wu

IPC分类号： H04B10/40

CPC分类号： H04B10/25759 ,  H04B10/25751

摘要： An example method includes receiving radio frequency (RF) signals from a cable modem termination system (CMTS) in a small form factor pluggable optical transmitter; converting the RF signals to optical signals in the small form factor pluggable optical transmitter; and transmitting, by the small form factor pluggable optical transmitter, the optical signals on a network. More specific embodiments can include RF signals that are modulated, where a modulation error ratio (MER) of the RF signal varies substantially linearly with Carrier to Composite Noise (CCN), and the converting is implemented by a laser transmitter. Other, more specific, embodiments include routing the RF signals through a pre-distortion RF amplifier RF variable attenuator, and coupling the optical transmitter to a chassis of the CMTS.

摘要翻译： 示例性方法包括从小型可插拔光发射机中的电缆调制解调器终端系统（CMTS）接收射频（RF）信号; 将RF信号转换成小尺寸可插拔光发射机的光信号; 并通过小型可插拔光发射机发送网络上的光信号。 更具体的实施例可以包括被调制的RF信号，其中RF信号的调制误差比（MER）以载波与复合噪声（CCN）大致线性地变化，并且转换由激光发射机实现。 其他更具体的实施例包括通过预失真RF放大器RF可变衰减器路由RF信号，以及将光发射机耦合到CMTS的机架。