-
41.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09111737B2
公开(公告)日：2015-08-18
申请号：US13503211
申请日：2010-09-17
Applicant: Ioannis Giomataris , Rui De Oliveira
Inventor： Ioannis Giomataris , Rui De Oliveira
CPC classification number: H01J47/065 , H01J47/06
Abstract: The invention relates to an improved method for fabricating the amplification gap of an avalanche particle detector in which two parallel electrodes are spaced apart by dielectric spacer elements. A foil including a bulk layer made of dielectric material sandwiched by two mutually parallel metallic electrodes is provided, and holes are formed in one of the metallic layers by means of photolithography. The amplification gap is then formed in the bulk layer by means of carefully controlled etching of the bulk material through the holes formed in one of the metallic layers. The invention not only provides a simplified fabrication process, but also results in a detector with enhanced spatial and energy resolution.
Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于制造雪崩粒子检测器的放大间隙的改进方法，其中两个平行电极由电介质间隔元件隔开。 提供了包括由两个相互平行的金属电极夹持的电介质材料制成的体层的箔，并且通过光刻法在一个金属层中形成孔。 然后通过对通过在一个金属层中形成的孔形成的本体材料进行仔细控制的蚀刻，在体层中形成放大间隙。 本发明不仅提供了简化的制造工艺，而且还产生具有增强的空间和能量分辨率的检测器。
-
公开(公告)号：US5192868A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-09
申请号：US741543
申请日：1991-08-07
Applicant: John M. Dudley
Inventor： John M. Dudley
Abstract: A proportional-type detector for the detection of low levels of radioactivity, such as alpha and beta particles generated by radioactive materials. In the preferred embodiment, this detector has a pancake-shaped cavity with a disk-shaped base and a cylindrical wall, with at least one anode member traversing the cavity. This anode member is maintained at an elevated potential so as to multiply and collect electrons formed within a counting gas within the cavity as a result of interaction between the radioactivity and a counter gas cavity. A perforated grid member, in one embodiment being a spiral coil, is substantially concentric with the anode member to provided a uniform electric field around the anode member. In the preferred embodiment, spacing between turns of the spiral grid is equal to or less than twice the radial distance between the anode member and the inside diameter of the grid. While an opening into the cavity can be covered with a window that is transparent to the radioactivity (the alpha and beta particles) for the retention of the counting gas, improved operation is obtained without a window for most applications.
Abstract translation: 用于检测低放射性的比例型检测器，例如放射性物质产生的α和β粒子。 在优选实施例中，该检测器具有带盘形基部和圆柱形壁的扁平形状的空腔，至少一个阳极件穿过空腔。 该阳极构件保持在升高的电位，以便由于放射性和反气体腔之间的相互作用而使在空腔内的计数气体内形成的电子倍增并收集。 在一个实施例中为螺旋线圈的多孔格栅构件与阳极构件基本上同心，以在阳极构件周围提供均匀的电场。 在优选实施例中，螺旋格栅的匝之间的间距等于或小于阳极构件与栅格内径之间的径向距离的两倍。 虽然通过对放射性（α和β颗粒）透明的窗口可以覆盖空腔的开口以保持计数气体，但在大多数应用中没有窗口可获得改进的操作。
-
公开(公告)号：US4707606A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-17
申请号：US658114
申请日：1984-10-05
Applicant: Manfred Keller
Inventor： Manfred Keller
CPC classification number: H01J47/06 , H01J47/002
Abstract: Proportional counters for the detection and measurement of radioactive surface contaminations are provided with at least two flat window faces enclosing an angle and being formed by a thin foil spread or stretched by a framework including thin rods arranged along the inner edges of contacting window faces, to which rods the foil may be adhered. A perforated lattice or grid cage serves in particular to protect the thin window against any contact, the cage provides for a spacing of about double rod thickness between the framework and the controlled surface. Preferred is a polygonal and in particular hexagonal lattice whose grid wires or strips do not lie in the main scanning direction. Particularly convenient for checking pipelines are, for example, cylindrical measuring probes comprising window foils extending over and perhaps adhered to a circularly arranged frame of thin rods.
Abstract translation: 用于检测和测量放射性表面污染物的比例计数器设置有至少两个平坦的窗口面，其包围一角度，并且由薄片展开形成，薄的薄片由包括沿着接触窗面的内边缘布置的细棒的框架延伸或拉伸， 哪个棒可以粘附。 穿孔格栅或格栅笼特别用于保护薄窗不受任何接触，保持架在框架和受控表面之间提供约双重杆厚度的间隔。 优选的是多边形，特别是其网格线或条不位于主扫描方向的六边形格子。 检查管道特别方便的是例如圆柱形测量探针，其包括延伸并可能粘附到圆形的细棒框架上的窗口箔。
-
公开(公告)号：US4320299A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-16
申请号：US915553
申请日：1978-06-14
Applicant: James E. Bateman , John F. Connolly
Inventor： James E. Bateman , John F. Connolly
CPC classification number: H01J47/06
Abstract: In a method of sensing the position of a neutral particle, the particle is received in one of two spaced parallel cathode arrays, each of which comprises a plurality of metal strips arranged adjacent and edge to edge, the strips in one array being orthogonal to the strips of the other array, and the metal of which the strips are formed being such that a neutral particle is converted to a fast electron which escapes from the cathode. Between the two cathode arrays is an anode array consisting of parallel wires held at a known electrical potential and surrounded by a gas. The fast electron is converted to an avalanche of electrons and positive ions; the presence of the ions induces an electrical charge in at least one strip of each cathode array; and the presence of the charges is sensed to determine an orthogonal position.
Abstract translation: 在感测中性粒子的位置的方法中，颗粒被接收在两个间隔开的平行阴极阵列之一中，每个平行阴极阵列中的每一个包括邻近和边缘地布置的多个金属条，一个阵列中的条与 另一阵列的条带以及形成条带的金属使得中性粒子转变成从阴极逸出的快速电子。 在两个阴极阵列之间是由保持在已知电位并被气体包围的平行线组成的阳极阵列。 快速电子转化为电子和正离子雪崩; 离子的存在在每个阴极阵列的至少一个条带中引起电荷; 并且感测电荷的存在以确定正交位置。
-
公开(公告)号：US4193000A
公开(公告)日：1980-03-11
申请号：US854255
申请日：1977-11-23
Applicant: Shimpey Shirayama , Chikara Konagai , Michitaka Terasawa , Hironobu Kimura
Inventor： Shimpey Shirayama , Chikara Konagai , Michitaka Terasawa , Hironobu Kimura
Abstract: A compact single- or multi-channel radiation detector capable of sending forth a large and stable output signal by being operated in a proportional region which comprises a single or a plurality of electrode assemblies each prepared by inserting between a pair of mutually facing parallel high voltage electrodes an electric charge-collecting electrode having a plurality of metal wires spatially arranged in a plane parallel with said paired high voltage electrodes, and wherein the single or plural electrode assemblies are received in a case provided with a radiation inlet section and filled with a gaseous element mainly consisting of a rare gas such as argon or xenon.
Abstract translation: 一种紧凑型单通道或多通道辐射检测器，能够通过在包括单个或多个电极组件的比例区域中发出大而稳定的输出信号，每个电极组件通过插入一对相互面对的平行高压 电极，具有多个金属线，所述多个金属线空间地配置在与所述成对的高压电极平行的平面中，并且其中所述单电极组件或多个电极组件被容纳在设置有辐射入口部分并且充满气体 元素主要由稀有气体如氩气或氙气组成。
-
Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US4149109A
公开(公告)日：1979-04-10
申请号：US846124
申请日：1977-10-27
Applicant: Werner Kreutz , Manfred Henne , Jurgen Fritz
Inventor： Werner Kreutz , Manfred Henne , Jurgen Fritz
CPC classification number: H01J47/06
Abstract: A location- or positionally-sensitive proportional counter tube of high resolution having a trough-shaped cathode in a counting chamber. A resiliently elastic wire forming the anode extends longitudinally through the counting chamber. Suitable fastening arrangements engage the ends of the wire so as to mount the wire equidistantly from the side walls of the cathode trough and in electrical communication with the input resistor of a preamplifier. The counting chamber is an openable high-pressure chamber with inlet and outlet apertures for a pressurized counter tube gas.
Abstract translation: 高分辨率的位置或位置敏感的比例计数管在计数室中具有槽形阴极。 形成阳极的弹性线纵向延伸穿过计数室。 合适的紧固装置接合导线的端部，以便将导线等距离地从阴极槽的侧壁安装并与前置放大器的输入电阻电连通。 计数室是可开启的高压室，其具有用于加压柜管气体的入口和出口孔。
-
公开(公告)号：US3935464A
公开(公告)日：1976-01-27
申请号：US425246
申请日：1973-12-17
Applicant: William P. Zingaro
Inventor： William P. Zingaro
CPC classification number: H01J47/06
Abstract: A detector for ionizing radiation comprising a generally cylindrical enclosure which contains an ionizable gas, a central wire which with a peripheral wall constitute the electrodes of the device, and a window to permit entry of ionizing radiation. With appropriate potentials applied to the central wire and peripheral wall, ionizing radiation produces electrons which are attracted to the central wire and positive ions which are attracted to the peripheral wall in proportion to the intensity of the radiation. One or more auxiliary electrodes are provided which extend parallel to and between the central electrode and the peripheral wall. An appropriate potential is applied to this auxiliary electrode to neutralize the positive ions.
Abstract translation: 一种用于电离辐射的检测器，包括含有可电离气体的大致圆柱形的外壳，与外围壁构成设备的电极的中心线，以及允许电离辐射进入的窗口。 利用适当的电势施加到中心线和周围壁，电离辐射产生被中心线吸引的电子和与辐射的强度成比例地吸引到周围壁的正离子。 提供一个或多个辅助电极，其平行于中心电极和周围壁之间延伸。 对该辅助电极施加适当的电位以中和正离子。
-
公开(公告)号：US3842373A
公开(公告)日：1974-10-15
申请号：US37750473
申请日：1973-07-09
Applicant: UNIV CALIFORNIA
Inventor： PEREZ MENDEZ V
Abstract: A proportional chamber having a plurality of output conductors carrying signals indicative of the location of an event detected within the chamber and using delay lines capacitatively coupled to said conductors for receiving signals through an intermediate portion of the side wall winding of the delay line. Delay times are measured to give a readout of the position and existence of the event.
Abstract translation: 一个比例室，具有多个输出导体，该多个输出导体承载指示在室内检测到的事件的位置的信号，并且使用与所述导体电容耦合的延迟线，用于通过延迟线的侧壁绕组的中间部分接收信号。 测量延迟时间以给出位置和事件的存在的读数。
-
49.发明授权Methods and apparatus for monitoring simultaneously two energy levels of radioactivity in a gas 失效用于同时监测气体中两种能量水平的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US3746861A
公开(公告)日：1973-07-17
申请号：US3746861D
申请日：1970-12-23
Applicant: GANT P , MOTES B , BRUNDAGE R
Inventor： GANT P , MOTES B , BRUNDAGE R
Abstract: Method and apparatus for detecting, distinguishing and indicating low-level activity of radioactive gases, such as tritium and/or krypton-85, in a selected gas, even in the presence of electronegative gases. The apparatus consists of a detection chamber of a type which is energy selective through inclusion of plural ionization collector circuits providing two separate detector outputs. The two detector outputs are applied then to parallel signal processing channels which serve to separate detected energy through pulse amplitude discrimination and/or coincidence selection to determine absolute quantities of radioactive events for selected contaminants in the gas sample.
Abstract translation: 即使在存在电负性气体的情况下，也可以在所选择的气体中检测，区分和指示放射性气体如氚和/或氪-85的低水平活性的方法和装置。 该装置由通过包含多个电离集电器电路提供能量选择性的类型的检测室组成，提供两个独立的检测器输出。 然后将两个检测器输出应用于并行信号处理通道，其用于通过脉冲幅度鉴别和/或重合选择分离检测到的能量，以确定气体样品中所选污染物的放射性事件的绝对数量。
-
公开(公告)号：US3704371A
公开(公告)日：1972-11-28
申请号：US3704371D
申请日：1970-06-01
Applicant: ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY UK
Inventor： CAIRNS JAMES ANTHONY , DESBOROUGH COLIN LEONARD
CPC classification number: H01J47/06
Abstract: The apparatus comprises a proportional counter with a long tubular nose-piece having an end window. The anode is a short wire parallel to the window and mounted on a support so that the support together with the anode is easily removable and replaceable. The support may be axially movable within the long tubular nose-piece, whereby sensitive tuning to specific characteristic X-rays is possible.
Abstract translation: 该装置包括具有带有端窗的长管状鼻端的比例计数器。 阳极是平行于窗户并且安装在支撑件上的短线，使得支撑件与阳极一起容易地移除和更换。 支撑件可以在长管状鼻端部内可轴向移动，由此可以对特定的X射线进行灵敏调谐。
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Search Results
112
records
(took 0.014 seconds)
