Geothermal energy system
    41.
    发明授权
    Geothermal energy system 失效
    地热能系统

    公开(公告)号:US3864917A

    公开(公告)日:1975-02-11

    申请号:US2105270

    申请日:1970-03-19

    申请人: INT SALT CO

    发明人: JACOBY CHARLES H

    摘要: The heat conducting capability of a vertically extending dome or spire or vein or other type deposit of a highly heat conductive mineral such as rock salt, is utilized to pipe heat from a deepseated high temperature geologic structure inaccessible to modern bore hole drilling equipment into a heat exchange/conversion reservoir which is developed at an underground level within reach of modern bore hole completion techniques. Energy derived from the heat flowing into the reservoir through the conductive mineral structure from the deep-seated structure is thereupon transmitted to a useful facility, such as any heat-powered system or machine, located either above or below ground. The invention provides a cheap and unlimited ''''clean'''' heat delivery system, entirely free of any air polluting by-products or the like.

    摘要翻译: 使用垂直延伸的圆顶或尖顶或静脉或其他类型的高导热性矿物如岩盐的沉积物的导热能力来将来自不可接近的深层高温地质结构的热量从现代钻孔设备投入 一个在现代钻孔完井技术达到的地下开发的热交换/转换储层。 从通过导电矿物结构从深层结构流入储存器的热量所产生的能量被传送到位于地面上方或下方的有用设施,例如任何热力系统或机器。 本发明提供了一种廉价且无限的“清洁”热量输送系统,完全不含任何空气污染副产物等。

    Desulforization method and desulfurization apparatus in geothermal power
plant
    43.
    发明授权
    Desulforization method and desulfurization apparatus in geothermal power plant 失效
    地热发电厂脱硫方法及脱硫装置

    公开(公告)号:US06068822A

    公开(公告)日:2000-05-30

    申请号:US934211

    申请日:1997-09-19

    摘要: An uncondensed gas in steam discharged from a turbine in a geothermal power plant and separated from water with a condenser is treated by a desulfurization method comprising the combustion step of combusting the uncondensed gas in the steam to convert hydrogen sulfide in the uncondensed gas to a sulfurous acid gas and the absorption reaction step of bringing a combustion gas coming from the combustion step into gas-liquid contact with an absorbent slurry and further bringing air into air-liquid contact with the absorbent slurry to allow the absorbent slurry to absorb the sulfurous acid gas and undergo oxidation and neutralization to exhaust desulfurized gas and to convert the absorbent slurry to a sulfate slurry, whereby detrimental hydrogen sulfide is removed from the steam exhausted after the use of the steam for power generation in the geothermal power plant.

    摘要翻译: 在来自地热发电厂的涡轮机中并且与冷凝器分离的蒸汽中的未蒸发气体通过脱硫方法处理,所述脱硫方法包括燃烧步骤,在蒸汽中燃烧未冷凝的气体,将未冷凝气体中的硫化氢转化为亚硫酸盐 使来自燃烧步骤的燃烧气体与吸收剂浆料气液接触的吸收反应步骤,并且进一步使空气与吸收剂浆料气液接触,以使吸收剂浆料吸收亚硫酸气体 并进行氧化和中和以排出脱硫气体,并将吸收剂浆料转化为硫酸盐浆料,由此在使用用于在地热发电厂中发电的蒸汽之后排出的蒸汽中除去有害的硫化氢。

    Carbonyl sulfide abatement in fluids
    44.
    发明授权
    Carbonyl sulfide abatement in fluids 失效
    流体中的羰基硫化物减少

    公开(公告)号:US5523069A

    公开(公告)日:1996-06-04

    申请号:US147624

    申请日:1993-11-05

    申请人: M. Linda Lin

    发明人: M. Linda Lin

    IPC分类号: B01D53/48

    CPC分类号: B01D53/485 Y10S423/19

    摘要: A method for removing carbonyl sulfide from fluids, particularly gases, involves contacting them with alkaline aqueous solutions containing peroxide and hindered amine. The sulfur products so formed can then be separated from the fluid. In one embodiment, gas containing carbonyl sulfide is cycled through a wet scrubber containing a solution of hydrogen peroxide and methyldiethanolamine, triethylamine, dimethylmonoethanolamine, diethylmonoethanolamine, triethanolamine, 2-amino-2-meth-yl-1-propanol, and/or 1,8-p-menthanediaminemethyldiethanolamine at a pH of about 9 to 11, e.g., about 10. Methyldiethanolamine is preferred in one embodiment. A dispersant such as a water-soluble polymer having a molecular weight of about 500 to 100,000 may optionally be employed in the solution. Abatement of greater than 90% of the carbonyl sulfide is achieved in preferred embodiments.

    摘要翻译: 从流体,特别是气体中除去羰基硫的方法包括使它们与含有过氧化物和受阻胺的碱性水溶液接触。 这样形成的硫产物可以与流体分离。 在一个实施方案中,含有硫化羰的气体循环通过含有过氧化氢和甲基二乙醇胺,三乙胺,二甲基一乙醇胺,二乙基单乙醇胺,三乙醇胺,2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇和/ 8-p-薄荷氨基甲基二乙醇胺,pH为约9至11,例如约10.在一个实施方案中,优选甲基二乙醇胺。 分散剂如分子量约为500至100,000的水溶性聚合物可以任选地用于溶液中。 在优选的实施方案中可以实现大于90%的硫化羰的消除。

    Method to treat geothermal fluid streams
    45.
    发明授权
    Method to treat geothermal fluid streams 失效
    处理地热流体的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5364439A

    公开(公告)日:1994-11-15

    申请号:US875344

    申请日:1992-04-29

    摘要: An integrated system of non-condensable gas (NCG) and condensate treatment allows geothermal power plant condensate and non-condensable gas effluent streams containing H.sub.2 S and ammonia to be commercially useful for more than for cooling tower makeup. In the preferred embodiment, the pH of the condensate is increased by adding ammonia and the pH increased stream is contacted with NCG to scrub and oxidize the H.sub.2 S constituent of the NCG. By reducing the pH, the condensate or aqueous stream mixture can also be used to further transfer ammonia from the non-condensable gas stream to the aqueous stream, enriching the stream for use as a fertilizer/irrigation water mixture. If other commercial uses are desired for the mixture and/or oxidized NCG streams, they can be resin treated to remove the ammonia constituent. With the ammonia and H.sub.2 S constituents decreased, the condensate may be used for a variety of applications and the NCG can be injected or used as a commercial feed stream. Rejuvenation of the resin may be accomplished by recycling and purging with the treated NCG. The effluent purge gas may be used to further enrich irrigation waters. A nearly total elimination of all emissions from the geothermal power is thereby made possible.

    摘要翻译: 不可冷凝气体(NCG)和冷凝水处理的集成系统允许地热发电厂的冷凝物和含有H 2 S和氨的不可冷凝的气体流出物流在商业上可用于冷却塔组合。 在优选的实施方案中,通过加入氨来增加冷凝物的pH,并且使pH增加的流与NCG接触以洗涤和氧化NCG的H 2 S成分。 通过降低pH,还可以使用冷凝物或含水物流混合物来进一步将氨从不可冷凝的气流转移到含水物流中,从而富集该流以用作肥料/灌溉水混合物。 如果混合物和/或氧化的NCG流需要其它商业用途,则它们可以进行树脂处理以除去氨成分。 随着氨和H 2 S成分的降低,冷凝物可用于各种应用,NCG可以注入或用作商业进料流。 树脂的再生可以通过用经处理的NCG进行再循环和吹扫来实现。 废水净化气体可用于进一步丰富灌溉水。 因此,几乎完全消除了地热能源的所有排放。

    Process for treating ammonia and nitrite containing waters to reduce
nitrogen oxide emissions therefrom
    47.
    发明授权
    Process for treating ammonia and nitrite containing waters to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions therefrom 失效
    用于处理氨和含硝酸盐水以减少其中的氮氧化物排放的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5182027A

    公开(公告)日:1993-01-26

    申请号:US560422

    申请日:1990-07-31

    摘要: A process is provided for controlling the emission of nitrogen dioxide from, and the growth of living organisms in, steam condensate cooling towers and catch basins used in conjunction with a condensate of steam derived from an ammonia containing geothermal brine. The process comprises contacting the condensate, in a substantially continuous manner, with a less-than-stoichiometric amount of an oxidizing agent, which results in the oxidation of nitrite in the condensate to a nitrate. The process optionally provides for periodically introducing a biocide into the condensate in an amount which controls organism growth in the cooling tower and catch basin. To prevent system corrosion, the process may include treating the condensate with a non-organic, phosphate-based corrosion inhibitor and scale dispersant.

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种方法,用于控制与来自含氨的地热卤水的蒸汽冷凝物一起使用的蒸汽冷凝物冷凝塔和捕集池中的生物体的二氧化氮的排放和生物的生长。 该方法包括以基本上连续的方式将冷凝物与少于化学计量的氧化剂接触,这导致冷凝物中的亚硝酸盐氧化为硝酸盐。 该方法任选地提供以一定量控制生物体在冷却塔和捕集池中生长的量将杀生物剂周期性地引入冷凝物中。 为了防止系统腐蚀,该方法可以包括用非有机的基于磷酸盐的腐蚀抑制剂和水垢分散剂处理冷凝物。

    Recovery of precious metals from aqueous media
    49.
    发明授权
    Recovery of precious metals from aqueous media 失效
    从含水介质中回收贵金属

    公开(公告)号:US5082492A

    公开(公告)日:1992-01-21

    申请号:US345167

    申请日:1989-05-01

    摘要: A method is disclosed for polishing geothermal brines containing iron-rich silica scale and silica particles suspended therein while removing and recovering copper, silver and other precious metals dissolved therein. The method comprises passing brine having a pH just below about 5.0 through a conduit packed with a metal higher in the electromotive series than silver for a time to sufficient for substantially all of the silver and other precious metals therein to precipitate onto the packing. Preferably, the packing comprises coiled zinc-galvanized steel chicken wire mesh packed in a sufficient density to act as a filter for said suspended particles. Dissolving the packing in a suitable acid will leave a precious metal-rich residue behind for subsequent recovery. When the brine is treated this process, the useful life of injection wells used to return cooled brine back to the geothrmal field is extended by at least about 3 times as compared to that observed with untreated brine.

    摘要翻译: 公开了一种用于抛光含有富铁二氧化硅垢和悬浮在其中的二氧化硅颗粒的地热盐水的方法,同时除去和回收溶解在其中的铜,银和其它贵金属。 该方法包括将具有低于约5.0的pH的盐水通过填充有高于银的电动系列中的金属的管道一段时间足以使其中的所有银和其它贵金属基本上沉淀到填料上。 优选地,填料包括以足够的密度填充的卷绕的镀锌钢丝鸡丝网,以充当所述悬浮颗粒的过滤器。 将包装溶解在合适的酸中将留下贵重的富含金属的残留物,以便随后的回收。 当这种方法处理盐水时,用于将冷却的盐水返回到地质储层的注入井的使用寿命与未处理的盐水相比,延长至少约3倍。

    Process for treating condensate of steam derived from geothermal brine
    50.
    发明授权
    Process for treating condensate of steam derived from geothermal brine 失效
    处理地热卤水蒸汽冷凝水的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5061373A

    公开(公告)日:1991-10-29

    申请号:US226039

    申请日:1988-07-29

    申请人: Darrell L. Gallup

    发明人: Darrell L. Gallup

    IPC分类号: C02F1/50 C02F1/76 C02F5/14

    摘要: A process is provided for controlling the emission of hydrogen sulfide from, and the growth of living organisms in, steam condensate cooling towers and catch basins used in conjunction with steam and condensate of steam derived from hydrogen sulfide-containing geothermal brine. The process comprises contacting the condensate, in a substantially continuous manner, with a small, substantially less-than-stoichiometric amount of an oxidizing biocide, such as trichloro-isocyanuric acid or oxidizing biocide, such as trichloro-isocyanuric acid or 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethyl-hydantoin, which results in the oxidation of such hydrogen sulfide precursors as ammonium bisulfide in the condensate to a water-soluble sulfite and/or sulfate, and which slows the growth of organisms in the cooling tower and catch basin. The process additionally includes periodically contacting the condensate with larger amounts of a second biocide, such as dodecylguanidine hydrochloride or isothiazalone, which provides most of the control of organism growth in the cooling tower and catch basin. Still further, the process includes combining hydrogen sulfide gas separated from the steam with the condensate for treatment therewith. To prevent system corrosion, the process may include treating the condensate with a non-organic, phosphate-based corrosion inhibitor and scale dispersant.

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种方法,用于控制硫化氢的排放,以及与蒸汽冷凝塔和捕集池一起使用的生物体的生长,以及来自含硫化氢的地热盐水的蒸汽和冷凝水。 该方法包括以基本上连续的方式使冷凝物与小的,基本上小于化学计量的氧化杀生物剂如三氯异氰脲酸或氧化杀生物剂如三氯异氰脲酸或1-溴 - 3-氯-5,5-二甲基 - 乙内酰脲,其导致硫酸氢前体如冷凝水中的二硫化二铵氧化为水溶性亚硫酸盐和/或硫酸盐,并且这减慢了冷却塔中生物的生长 并抓住盆地。 该方法还包括将缩合物周期性地接触较大量的第二杀生物剂,例如十二烷基胍盐酸盐或异噻唑烷,其提供冷却塔和捕集池中生物生长的大部分控制。 此外,该方法包括将从蒸汽中分离的硫化氢气体与冷凝物混合以用于处理。 为了防止系统腐蚀,该方法可以包括用非有机的基于磷酸盐的腐蚀抑制剂和水垢分散剂处理冷凝物。