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公开(公告)号：US4475043A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-02
申请号：US42629
申请日：1979-05-25
Applicant: John M. Houston
Inventor： John M. Houston
CPC classification number: H01J47/02
Abstract: The leading edge of the plates employed in a high pressure gaseous xenon x-ray detector are tapered so as to be narrower along the edge of the plates nearest to the x-ray source. Xenon x-ray detectors produced in accordance with the present invention exhibit an increased quantum detection efficiency without a significant increase in noise due to microphonics.
Abstract translation: 在高压气态氙X射线检测器中使用的板的前缘是沿着最靠近x射线源的板的边缘变窄的。 根据本发明生产的氙x射线探测器显示出增加的量子检测效率，而不会由于麦克风引起的噪声的显着增加。
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公开(公告)号：US4455488A
公开(公告)日：1984-06-19
申请号：US361990
申请日：1982-03-25
Applicant: Bernhard Conrad , Johann Finkenzeller , Gerhard Kuehn , Wolfhart Lichtenberg
Inventor： Bernhard Conrad , Johann Finkenzeller , Gerhard Kuehn , Wolfhart Lichtenberg
CPC classification number: H01J47/02
Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment, a flat radiation beam is detected having a common electrode disposed parallel to the beam plane at one side and a common support with a series of individual conductors providing electrodes opposite successive portions of the common electrode and lying in a plane also parallel to the beam plane. The beam may be fan-shaped and the individual electrodes may be aligned with respective ray paths separated by uniform angular increments in the beam plane. The individual conductors and the connection thereof to the exterior of the detector housing may be formed on an insulator which can be folded into a T-shape for leading the supply conductors for alternate individual conductors toward terminals at opposite sides of the chamber.
Abstract translation: 在一个示例性实施例中，检测平面辐射束，其具有在一侧平行于光束平面设置的公共电极，以及具有一系列单独导体的公共支撑件，所述单个导体提供与公共电极的相对部分相对的电极并且位于平行的平面 到光束平面。 光束可以是扇形的，并且各个电极可以与在光束平面中由均匀的角度增量分开的相应的光线路径对准。 各个导体及其与检测器壳体外部的连接可以形成在绝缘体上，该绝缘体可以被折叠成T形，用于将供应导体引导到针对室的相对侧的端子的替代单独导体。
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公开(公告)号：US4427890A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-24
申请号：US289137
申请日：1981-08-03
Applicant: Leonhard Taumann
Inventor： Leonhard Taumann
IPC: H01J47/02
CPC classification number: H01J47/02
Abstract: The chamber contains a first and a second measuring electrode and a third electrode. The first measuring electrode is essentially a first flat ring portion. The second measuring electrode comprises an inner circular area to the periphery of which a second flat ring portion adjoins in an electrically conducting manner. The first and the second measuring electrodes are arranged in a first plane. The first and the second ring portion are combined approximately 360.degree.. The third electrode is arranged in a second plane parallel to and spaced from the first plane. When ionizing radiation (X-rays, electrons) enters the space between the first and second measuring electrodes on the one side and the third electrode on the other side, electrical signals will be derived from said respective first and second electrode.
Abstract translation: 该室包含第一和第二测量电极和第三电极。 第一测量电极基本上是第一平环部分。 第二测量电极包括其周边的内圆形区域，其中第二平环部分以导电方式邻接。 第一和第二测量电极被布置在第一平面中。 第一和第二环部分约合360度。 第三电极布置在与第一平面平行并与第一平面间隔开的第二平面中。 当电离辐射（X射线，电子）进入第一和第二测量电极之间的另一侧的第一和第二测量电极之间的空间时，将从所述相应的第一和第二电极导出电信号。
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公开(公告)号：US4389570A
公开(公告)日：1983-06-21
申请号：US189490
申请日：1980-09-22
Applicant: Norman P. Goldstein
Inventor： Norman P. Goldstein
Abstract: An emitter plate of a high atomic number material is positioned between collector plates of a low atomic number material and the ionization current developed in the gap regions therebetween in response to low radiation fields and the self-powered current developed in response to high radiation fields is measured by a current measuring circuit as an indication of impinging radiation.
Abstract translation: 高原子序数材料的发射极板位于低原子序数材料的集电板之间，并且响应于低辐射场而在其间的间隙区域中产生的电离电流，并且响应于高辐射场而产生的自供电电流为 由电流测量电路测量作为撞击辐射的指示。
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公开(公告)号：US4376893A
公开(公告)日：1983-03-15
申请号：US907117
申请日：1978-05-18
Applicant: Nathan R. Whetten
Inventor： Nathan R. Whetten
CPC classification number: H01J47/02 , G01T1/2935
Abstract: An ionization chamber for use in determining the spatial distribution of x-ray photons in computerized tomography systems comprises a plurality of substantially parallel, planar anodes separated by parallel, planar cathodes and enclosed in a gas of high atomic weight at a pressure from approximately 10 atmospheres to approximately 50 atmospheres. X-ray radiation enters the chamber through a thin conductive window disposed substantially perpendicular to the anodes and cathodes. A dielectric layer disposed on the inner surface of the window accumulates charge during x-ray irradiation to modify the electric field in the region between the anodes, cathodes, and window so as to permit the collection of electrons and ions produced by interactions in that region.In a preferred embodiment, a conductive electrode is placed on the inner surface of the dielectric layer and maintained at anode potential to modify and stabilize the electric field behind the window and thus stabilize the detector characteristics.
Abstract translation: 用于确定计算机断层摄影系统中的x射线光子的空间分布的电离室包括多个基本上平行的平行阳极，其被平行的平面阴极隔开，并被封闭在高原子量的气体中，压力约为10个大气压 至约50个大气压。 X射线辐射通过基本上垂直于阳极和阴极设置的薄导电窗口进入腔室。 设置在窗的内表面上的电介质层在x射线照射期间积聚电荷以改变阳极，阴极和窗口之间的区域中的电场，以便允许收集由该区域中的相互作用产生的电子和离子 。 在优选实施例中，导电电极被放置在电介质层的内表面上，并保持在阳极电位，以修改和稳定窗后的电场，从而稳定检测器的特性。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US4348589A
公开(公告)日：1982-09-07
申请号：US160702
申请日：1980-06-18
Applicant: Petrus N. J. Vis
Inventor： Petrus N. J. Vis
Abstract: A device for measuring local X-ray absorption differences in a patient or other object has an array of ionization detector elements. Each detector element has a high voltage electrode. The high voltage source for each such electrode has associated with it an alternating voltage source in order to compensate for microphonic interference. The measuring circuit includes a demodulation compensation circuit for separation of the microphonic signal and for removing this interference from the measuring signal.
Abstract translation: 用于测量患者或其他物体中的局部X射线吸收差异的装置具有电离检测器元件阵列。 每个检测器元件具有高电压电极。 每个这样的电极的高电压源与其相关联的是交流电压源，以便补偿麦克风干扰。 测量电路包括解调补偿电路，用于分离麦克风信号并从测量信号中消除干扰。
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公开(公告)号：US4343994A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-10
申请号：US132403
申请日：1980-03-21
Applicant: Paul Farcy
Inventor： Paul Farcy
CPC classification number: H01J47/02 , H01J47/002 , H01J47/1233
Abstract: Particle detector, wherein it comprises a ceramic body in one piece in which are sealingly embedded two concentric tubular electrodes which define between them an annular chamber filled with pressurized gas, and the electrical wires connecting the electrodes to the outside of the body.The invention also relates to a process for producing a particle detector by the wet or dry route.The particle detector, which is more particularly a neutron detector can be used with particular advantage in the core of a nuclear reactor.
Abstract translation: 粒子检测器，其中包括一体的陶瓷体，其密封地嵌入两个同心的管状电极，两个同心的管状电极在它们之间限定了填充有加压气体的环形室，以及将电极连接到主体外部的电线。 本发明还涉及通过湿法或干法制备颗粒检测器的方法。 特别是中子检测器的粒子检测器可以在核反应堆的核心中特别有利地使用。
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公开(公告)号：US4327289A
公开(公告)日：1982-04-27
申请号：US972661
申请日：1978-12-26
Applicant: Elias E. Solomon
Inventor： Elias E. Solomon
IPC: G01T1/185 , G01N33/00 , G08B17/113 , H01J47/02 , G01D18/00
CPC classification number: G01N33/0006 , G08B17/113 , H01J47/022
Abstract: A technique for calibrating an ionization detector by simulating the presence of particles of combustion. In one embodiment a test probe is employed extending into the chamber. The probe may be partially conductive and partially non-conductive and be either rotatable or able to be withdrawn or partially withdrawn to vary ionization current. In another embodiment the source may be moveable to alter the ionization current. In still another embodiment there is provided the temporary distortion of one electrode to change the geometry of the chamber to thereby effect ionization.
Abstract translation: 通过模拟燃烧颗粒的存在来校准电离检测器的技术。 在一个实施例中，使用延伸进入室的测试探针。 探针可以是部分导电的并且部分不导电，并且可以是可旋转的或能够被抽出或部分抽出以改变电离电流。 在另一个实施例中，源可以是可移动的以改变电离电流。 在另一个实施例中，提供了一个电极的暂时变形以改变腔室的几何形状从而实现电离。
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公开(公告)号：US4306154A
公开(公告)日：1981-12-15
申请号：US122962
申请日：1980-02-20
Applicant: Edward F. Williams, Jr. , John B. Byer , Burton J. Thompson
Inventor： Edward F. Williams, Jr. , John B. Byer , Burton J. Thompson
Abstract: The construction of a direct reading, ionization chamber dosimeter is almost exclusively of thermoplastic material. Except for an electrometer frame and switch contacts, the dosimeter comprises components of injection molded thermoplastic material. The dosimeter barrel and most of the structural components are made from either electrically conducting polycarbonate or non-conducting polycarbonate. Optical parts and lenses are formed from transparent plastic materials. The ionization chamber is made from polypropylene loaded with carbon black. The light-weight plastic construction of the dosimeter renders it relatively insensitive to mechanical shock and causes it to interact with ionizing radiation in a manner substantially similar to animal tissue or human flesh.
Abstract translation: 直读式电离室剂量计的构造几乎完全是热塑性材料。 除了静电计框架和开关触点之外，剂量计还包括注模热塑性材料的组件。 剂量计筒和大多数结构部件由导电聚碳酸酯或非导电聚碳酸酯制成。 光学部件和透镜由透明塑料材料形成。 电离室由装有炭黑的聚丙烯制成。 剂量计的轻质塑料结构使其对机械冲击相对不敏感，并使其与电离辐射以与动物组织或人肉基本相似的方式相互作用。
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公开(公告)号：US4275305A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-23
申请号：US936552
申请日：1978-08-24
Applicant: Janos A. Racz , Edward J. Seppi
Inventor： Janos A. Racz , Edward J. Seppi
CPC classification number: A61B6/032 , A61B6/00 , A61B6/4078 , A61B6/4208 , A61B6/4291 , H01J47/02 , A61B6/08
Abstract: An axial tomography system is disclosed which includes an assembly rotatable about an axis extending along a central opening defined therein, and means for positioning the body portion to be examined within the central opening so that the axis of assembly rotation is perpendicular to a plane passing through the bodily structures to be examined. A source of penetrating radiation is mounted on the assembly toward one side thereof and provides radiation in the form of a fan beam. Means are provided for rotating the assembly so that the fan beam impinges upon said body portion at a plurality of incident directions. Detector means for the radiation are positioned on the assembly opposite the source, enabling detection of radiation which traverses laterally and is not absorbed in the thin body section in which the aforementioned plane resides. The detector means is preferably of the ionization type, and may comprise an array of side-by-side mutually insulated strip electrodes, spaced from a common high voltage electrode. The principal axis of each electrode is oriented along a radius extending toward the radiation source, and the ionization space between such strip and the common electrode can be regarded as defining a cell the principal axis of which is similarly oriented. Collimating means overlie the detector means and serve to assure that the radiation incident on each such cell is only that which has passed through an appropriate element of the body portion being examined.
Abstract translation: 公开了一种轴向断层摄影系统，其包括可沿着其中限定的中心开口延伸的轴线旋转的组件，以及用于将待检查的主体部分定位在中心开口内的装置，使得组装旋转轴线垂直于穿过的平面 要检查的身体结构。 穿透辐射源朝向其一侧安装在组件上，并提供扇形束形式的辐射。 提供了用于使组件旋转的装置，使得风扇束在多个入射方向上撞击在所述主体部分上。 用于辐射的检测器装置位于与源极相对的组件上，使得能够检测横向穿过的辐射，并且不被上述平面所在的薄体部分吸收。 检测器装置优选为电离型，并且可以包括与公共高压电极间隔开的并排相互绝缘的带状电极阵列。 每个电极的主轴线沿着朝向辐射源延伸的半径定向，并且这种带状物和公共电极之间的电离空间可以被认为是定义其主轴类似地定向的单元。 准直装置覆盖检测器装置并用于确保入射在每个这样的电池上的辐射仅仅是已经通过被检查的身体部分的适当元件的辐射。
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