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公开(公告)号：US11796703B2
公开(公告)日：2023-10-24
申请号：US16561631
申请日：2019-09-05
申请人： Silixa Ltd.
发明人： Craig Milne , Brian Frankey , Tom Parker , Mahmoud Farhadiroushan
IPC分类号： G01V1/46 , G01V11/00 , G01V1/44 , E21B47/095 , E21B47/0224 , G01D5/14 , G01V1/22 , E21B43/116
CPC分类号： G01V1/46 , E21B47/0224 , E21B47/095 , G01D5/14 , G01V1/226 , G01V1/44 , G01V11/002 , E21B43/116
摘要： A downhole device is provided that is intended to be co-located with an optical fiber cable to be found, for example by being fixed together in the same clamp. The device has an accelerometer or other suitable orientation determining means that is able to determine its positional orientation, with respect to gravity. A vibrator or other sounder is provided, that outputs the positional orientation information as a suitable encoded and modulated acoustic signal. A fiber optic distributed acoustic sensor deployed in the vicinity of the downhole device detects the acoustic signal and transmits it back to the surface, where it is demodulated and decoded to obtain the positional orientation information. Given that the device is co-located with the optical fiber the position of the fiber can then be inferred. As explained above, detecting the fiber position is important during perforation operations, so that the fiber is not inadvertently damaged.
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公开(公告)号：US11768179B2
公开(公告)日：2023-09-26
申请号：US17102221
申请日：2020-11-23
申请人： Silixa Ltd , Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
CPC分类号： G01N29/024 , G01F1/661 , G01F1/666 , G01F1/708 , G01F1/74 , G01N29/2418 , G01N29/46 , G01N2291/0222 , G01N2291/02433 , G01N2291/02809 , G01N2291/02836
摘要： Embodiments of the invention provide a “tool-kit” of processing techniques which can be employed in different combinations depending on the circumstances. For example, flow speed can be found using eddy tracking techniques, or by using speed of sound measurements. Moreover, composition can be found by using speed of sound measurements and also by looking for turning points in the k-w curves, particularly in stratified multi-phase flows. Different combinations of the embodiments can therefore be put together to provide further embodiments, to meet particular flow sensing requirements, both on the surface and downhole. Once the flow speed is known, then at least in the case of a single phase flow, the flow speed can be multiplied by the interior cross-sectional area of the pipe to obtain the flow rate. The mass flow rate can then be obtained if the density of the fluid is known, once the composition has been determined.
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公开(公告)号：US11467007B2
公开(公告)日：2022-10-11
申请号：US17328014
申请日：2021-05-24
申请人： Silixa Ltd. , Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
摘要： An improved optical fiber distributed acoustic sensor system uses an optical fiber having reflector portions distributed along its length in at least a first portion. The reflector portions are positioned along the fiber separated by a distance that is equivalent to twice the distance an optical pulse travels along the fiber in a single sampling period of the data acquisition opto-electronics within the sensor system. No oversampling of the reflections of the optical pulses from the reflector portions is undertaken. The sampling points for data acquisition in the sensor system are aligned with the reflections that arrive at the sensor system from along the sensing fiber. Adaptive delay componentry adaptively aligns the reflected optical signals (or their electrical analogues) with the sampling points. Control over the sampling points can re-synchronise the sampling points with the returning reflections. Reflection equalisation componentry may reduce the dynamic range of the returning reflections.
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公开(公告)号：US11079269B2
公开(公告)日：2021-08-03
申请号：US16508522
申请日：2019-07-11
申请人： Silixa Ltd.
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G01D5/353 , E21B47/002 , E21B47/107 , G01M11/00 , G01F1/66 , G01V1/40
摘要： The present invention provides novel apparatus and methods for fast quantitative measurement of perturbation of optical fields transmitted, reflected and/or scattered along a length of an optical fibre. The present invention can be used for point sensors as well as distributed sensors or the combination of both. In particular this technique can be applied to distributed sensors while extending dramatically the speed and sensitivity to allow the detection of acoustic perturbations anywhere along a length of an optical fibre while achieving fine spatial resolution. The present invention offers unique advantages in a broad range of acoustic sensing and imaging applications. Typical uses are for monitoring oil and gas wells such as for distributed flow metering and/or imaging, seismic imaging, monitoring long cables and pipelines, imaging within large vessel as well as for security applications.
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公开(公告)号：US10883861B2
公开(公告)日：2021-01-05
申请号：US15555628
申请日：2016-03-07
申请人： Silixa Ltd.
摘要： An optical fiber distributed acoustic sensor system includes weak broadband reflectors inserted periodically along the fiber. The reflectors reflect only a small proportion of the light from the DAS incident thereon back along the fiber, typically in the region of 0.001% to 0.1%, but preferably around 0.01% reflectivity per reflector. In addition, to allow for temperate compensation to ensure that the same reflectivity is obtained if the temperature changes, the reflection bandwidth is relatively broadband. In some embodiments the reflectors are formed from a series of fiber Bragg gratings, each with a different center reflecting frequency, the reflecting frequencies and bandwidths of the gratings being selected to provide the broadband reflection. A chirped grating may also be used to provide the same effect. In preferred embodiments, the reflectors are spaced at half the gauge length i.e. the desired spatial resolution of the optical fiber DAS.
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公开(公告)号：US20190391291A1
公开(公告)日：2019-12-26
申请号：US16561631
申请日：2019-09-05
申请人： Silixa Ltd.
发明人： Craig Milne , Brian Frankey , Tom Parker , Mahmoud Farhadiroushan
摘要： A downhole device is provided that is intended to be co-located with an optical fiber cable to be found, for example by being fixed together in the same clamp. The device has an accelerometer or other suitable orientation determining means that is able to determine its positional orientation, with respect to gravity. A vibrator or other sounder is provided, that outputs the positional orientation information as a suitable encoded and modulated acoustic signal. A fiber optic distributed acoustic sensor deployed in the vicinity of the downhole device detects the acoustic signal and transmits it back to the surface, where it is demodulated and decoded to obtain the positional orientation information. Given that the device is co-located with the optical fiber the position of the fiber can then be inferred. As explained above, detecting the fiber position is important during perforation operations, so that the fiber is not inadvertently damaged.
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公开(公告)号：US10393572B2
公开(公告)日：2019-08-27
申请号：US15368945
申请日：2016-12-05
申请人： Silixa Ltd.
摘要： The present invention provides novel apparatus and methods for fast quantitative measurement of perturbation of optical fields transmitted, reflected and/or scattered along a length of an optical fiber. The present invention can be used for point sensors as well as distributed sensors or the combination of both. In particular this technique can be applied to distributed sensors while extending dramatically the speed and sensitivity to allow the detection of acoustic perturbations anywhere along a length of an optical fiber while achieving fine spatial resolution. The present invention offers unique advantages in a broad range of acoustic sensing and imaging applications. Typical uses are for monitoring oil and gas wells such as for distributed flow metering and/or imaging, seismic imaging, monitoring long cables and pipelines, imaging within large vessel as well as for security applications.
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公开(公告)号：US10274417B2
公开(公告)日：2019-04-30
申请号：US15494309
申请日：2017-04-21
申请人： Silixa Ltd. , Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
摘要： The invention relates to installations for fiber optic monitoring of articles, and apparatus and methods for forming such installations, including a modular system and components for forming a fiber optic monitoring installation. Applications of the invention include the monitoring of vessels, chambers, and fluid conduits in industrial processing plants, and the invention has particular application to monitoring large vessels, for example temperature monitoring of vessels used in catalytic reforming processes. Convenient installation on or removal from the article being monitored is achieved by providing a support structure for the fiber optic length, which presents the fiber optic length in a preconfigured orientation suitable for monitoring the article. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the fiber optic length is disposed on a panel in a plurality of dense spiral patterns.
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公开(公告)号：US20180245957A1
公开(公告)日：2018-08-30
申请号：US15962196
申请日：2018-04-25
申请人： SILIXA LTD. , CHEVRON USA INC.
发明人： Mahmoud Farhadiroushan , Daniel Finfer , Veronique Mahue , Tom Parker , Sergey Shatalin , Dmitry Strusevich
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide a cable for optical fiber sensing applications formed from fiber wound around a cable core. A protective layer is then preferably placed over the top of the wound fiber, to protect the fiber, and to help keep it in place on the cable core. The cable core is preferably of a diameter to allow bend-insensitive fiber to be wound thereon with low bending losses. The effect of winding the fiber onto the cable core means that the longitudinal sensing resolution of the resulting cable is higher than simple straight fiber, when the cable is used with an optical fiber sensing system such as a DAS or DTS system. The achieved resolution for the resulting cable is a function of the fiber winding diameter and pitch, with a larger diameter and reduced winding pitch giving a higher longitudinal sensing resolution.
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公开(公告)号：US20180231498A1
公开(公告)日：2018-08-16
申请号：US15749977
申请日：2016-08-05
申请人： Silixa Ltd. , Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
IPC分类号： G01N29/024 , G01N29/24 , G01F1/66 , G01F1/74 , G01N29/46
CPC分类号： G01N29/024 , G01F1/661 , G01F1/666 , G01F1/708 , G01F1/74 , G01N29/2418 , G01N29/46 , G01N2291/0222 , G01N2291/02433 , G01N2291/02809 , G01N2291/02836
摘要： Embodiments of the invention provide a “tool-kit” of processing techniques which can be employed in different combinations depending on the circumstances. For example, flow speed can be found using eddy tracking techniques, or by using speed of sound measurements. Moreover, composition can be found by using speed of sound measurements and also by looking for turning points in the k-ω curves, particularly in stratified multi-phase flows. Different combinations of the embodiments can therefore be put together to provide further embodiments, to meet particular flow sensing requirements, both on the surface and downhole. Once the flow speed is known, then at least in the case of a single phase flow, the flow speed can be multiplied by the interior cross-sectional area of the pipe to obtain the flow rate. The mass flow rate can then be obtained if the density of the fluid is known, once the composition has been determined.
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