Abstract:
A motorcycle, having both left and right mufflers, has an exhaust structure which enables an increase in the allowable margin through which the rear wheel is permitted to rise. A main exhaust pipe extends from an engine to one side of a shock absorber disposed on the rear side of the engine. The main exhaust pipe is branched in the vicinity of the shock absorber into a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe. The first branch pipe is connected to a first muffler disposed on the same side as the main exhaust pipe, and the second branch pipe is connected to a second muffler after passing between the shock absorber and a rear wheel to the opposed side of the vehicle body. The second branch pipe does not interfere with the rising motion of the rear wheel, and a sufficient allowable margin is secured for the rear wheel.
Abstract:
A refracting objective optical system used in recording and/or reproducing information by near field light includes an aspherical lens in which an entrance surface is a continuous aspheric surface of convex shape and an exit surface is a flat surface, and a transparent flat plate joined to the flat surface of the relevant lens. The ray entering a first surface of the lens is refracted at the first surface, transmitted through a second surface and the flat plate, and condensed at a microscopic spot near an exit surface of the flat plate. The transparent flat plate includes a microscopic structure for generating a surface excitation plasmon near a light condensing point of the exit surface.
Abstract:
An oblique projection optical system for leading rays of light from a display surface on which an image is displayed to a projection surface in such a way that the ray of light from the center of the display surface is obliquely incident on the projection surface in order to project a magnified image of the image displayed on the display surface onto the projection surface includes a plurality of reflecting surfaces having a power. At least two of the reflecting surfaces have a free-form curved surface, and, of all the reflecting surfaces, the one closest to the projection surface has a negative power and at least one of the other has a positive power. Alternatively, in a rear projection optical system having a projection optical system for projecting an image displayed on a panel display surface onto a screen surface, the projection optical system includes at least four curved-surface reflecting mirrors.
Abstract:
A projector has an illumination optical system, a reflection-type display panel, a projection optical system, and light-introducing device. The display panel is illuminated by the illumination light emitted from the illumination optical system and is divided into a plurality of pixels to reflect the incoming illumination light selectively in accordance with the pattern formed by those pixels and thereby produce projection light. The projection optical system transmits the projection light reflected from the display panel to project the pattern formed by the pixels onto a projection plane on which to form a projected image, and is composed of, from the projected-image side, a front lens unit, an aperture stop, and a rear lens unit. The light-introducing device is disposed between the front and rear lens units and directs the illumination light to the display panel. The projection optical system fulfills the condition 0.2≦&ggr;F≦0.8 where &ggr;F represents the angular magnification of the front lens unit.
Abstract:
A zoom lens system has the first to fifth lens units from the object side. Refractive powers of the first to fifth lens units are positive, negative, negative, positive, negative, respectively. During zooming, the distances between the lens units are varied. Image blur compensation is made by parallel decentering the second lens unit. The second lens unit includes a first lens unit and a rear lens unit, either of which can be moved vertically to the optical axis to compensate for image blur. The distance between the front and rear lens units is fixed during a zooming mode.
Abstract:
A projecting optical system has a plurality of display panels, a color integrating mirror, a projection optical system, a correcting member, and a lens member. The color integrating mirror, disposed at an angle to any of the display panels, integrates the images displayed on the display panels into a single color-integrated image by reflecting a light component covering a specific wavelength range and transmitting light components covering other wavelength ranges than the specific wavelength range. The projection optical system projects the color-integrated image onto a screen. The correcting member, disposed within the projection optical system, corrects the astigmatic difference caused by the color integrating mirror. The lens member, disposed on the color-integrating-mirror side of the correcting member, corrects the astigmatic difference caused by the color integrating mirror.
Abstract:
A display apparatus of the present invention includes: an illumination optical system for emitting illumination light; a reflective display panel divided into a plurality of pixels, illuminated by the illumination light from the illumination optical system, and selectively reflecting the incident illumination light pixel by pixel as projection light; a projection optical system for projecting image information the reflective display panel onto a projected surface by transmitting the projection light reflected at the reflective display panel; and a reflection angle converting optical system disposed ahead of the reflective display panel, changing the angle of incidence of the illumination light on the reflective display panel, and adjusting the sum of the angle of incidence of the illumination light on the reflective display panel and the angle of reflection of the projection light at the reflective display panel.
Abstract:
A zoom lens system has four or five lens units with the optical powers being +/-/+/- or +/-/+/+/-, respectively, from the object side. The image side lens unit has a negative optical power and is movable, along with at least one other lens unit, in a zooming operation. The zoom lens system satisfies the following conditions: 0.6
Abstract:
An optical system design method determines a specific optical group having a relatively high decentering aberration error sensitivity to parallel decentering and tilt decentering, and minimizes the absolute value of the decentering aberration coefficient of that group. In a first stage, an optical system group consisting of at least one lens surface is identified which presents a problem in production because of a relatively high centering error sensitivity. A second stage calculates decentering aberration using a decentering aberration coefficient of the group identified in the first stage, and compares a decentering aberration that is obtained by the calculation with actual decentering aberration. A third stage identifies a third order aberration coefficient that makes a major contribution to increased centering error sensitivity when it is determined as the result of the comparison in the second stage that there is good agreement between the decentering aberration obtained by the calculation and the actual decentering aberration. A fourth stage minimizes the third order aberration coefficient identified in the third stage. A fifth stage restores an aberration balance that varied as a result of the design in the fourth stage, so that overall performance is maintained at a level equivalent to the condition before the design in the fourth stage.
Abstract:
A laser projector comprises an oscillation device for displacing at least one of a plurality of optical elements, which constitute the projection optical system of the laser projector, periodically along the direction of the optical axis of laser light. The laser projector reduces the speckle of a projection image on an arbitrary screen to such an extent as it cannot be recognized with human eyes, without having a significant effect on the image resolution, by periodically displacing the position of the smallest spot of laser light projected from the projection optical system. An image projection method is also provided.