Method of manufacturing electroconductive member pattern, and methods of manufacturing electron source and image displaying apparatus each using the same
    64.
    发明申请
    Method of manufacturing electroconductive member pattern, and methods of manufacturing electron source and image displaying apparatus each using the same 失效
    制造导电构件图案的方法,以及制造电子源的方法和使用其的图像显示装置

    公开(公告)号:US20060045961A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-03-02

    申请号:US11211550

    申请日:2005-08-26

    IPC分类号: B05D5/12

    摘要: Provided is a method for producing a pattern of an electroconductive member, comprising: a step of forming a resin film on a substrate surface; a step of incorporating the first metal component into the resin by applying to the resin a liquid which contains a complex of a first metal component, which contains also a second metal component different from the first component, and to which a compound forming a complex with the second metal component is contacting or contacted preliminary; and a step of baking the resin film to form the electroconductive member from the first metal component incorporated into the resin film. Thus, the second metal component is prevented from adversely affecting the first metal component to be incorporated into the resin.

    摘要翻译: 提供一种用于制造导电构件图案的方法,包括:在衬底表面上形成树脂膜的步骤; 将第一金属成分加入到树脂中的步骤是向树脂施加含有第一金属成分的复合物的液体,该第一金属成分也含有与第一成分不同的第二金属成分,并且与其形成复合物的化合物 第二金属组分接触或接触初步; 以及从结合到树脂膜中的第一金属成分烘烤树脂膜以形成导电构件的步骤。 因此,防止了第二金属成分对要结合到树脂中的第一金属成分的不良影响。

    Liquid crystal device and liquid crystal apparatus including same
    65.
    发明授权
    Liquid crystal device and liquid crystal apparatus including same 失效
    液晶装置及包括其的液晶装置

    公开(公告)号:US06757045B1

    公开(公告)日:2004-06-29

    申请号:US09532078

    申请日:2000-03-21

    IPC分类号: G02F1141

    摘要: A liquid crystal device is constituted by a layer of a chiral smectic liquid crystal, a pair of substrates oppositely disposed to sandwich the liquid crystal and each provided with an electrode for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal, at least one of the substrates being provided with a uniaxial aligning axis for aligning the liquid crystal, and a polarizer disposed on at least one of the substrates. The liquid crystal has an alignment characteristic such that it is aligned to provide an average molecular axis to be placed in a monostable alignment state under no voltage application, is tilted from the monostable alignment state in one direction when supplied with a voltage of a first polarity at a tilting angle which varies depending on magnitude of the supplied voltage, and is tilted from the monostable alignment state in the other direction when supplied with a voltage of a second polarity opposite to the first polarity at a tilting angle, said tilting angles providing maximum tilting angles &bgr;1 and &bgr;2 formed under application of the voltages of the first and second polarities, respectively, satisfying &bgr;1>&bgr;2 or &bgr;1=&bgr;2. The liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal device is set to have a refractive index anisotropy and a layer thickness giving a retardation under voltage application which is in an optimum retardation range determined based on an arrangement of the polarizer and a wavelength of light passing through the liquid crystal layer, thus improving a resultant transmittance.

    摘要翻译: 液晶装置由手性近晶液晶层,与基板相对配置的一对基板构成,并且各自设置有用于向液晶施加电压的电极,至少一个基板设置在液晶 具有用于对准液晶的单轴对准轴和设置在至少一个基板上的偏振器。 液晶具有对准特性,使得其在不施加电压的情况下对齐以提供要置于单稳态取向状态的平均分子轴,当被提供有第一极性的电压时从一个方向的单稳态取向状态倾斜 以与供给电压的大小不同的倾斜角度,以与倾斜角相反的第二极性相反的第二极性的电压在另一方向上从单稳态对准状态倾斜,所述倾斜角度提供最大值 分别在施加第一和第二极性的电压下形成的倾斜角β1和β2,满足β1>β2或β1=β2。 液晶装置中的液晶层被设定为具有折射率各向异性和赋予在电压施加下的延迟的层厚度,其处于基于偏振器的布置确定的最佳相位差范围和通过该偏振器的光的波长 液晶层,从而提高透射率。

    Liquid crystal device and driving method for the device
    66.
    发明授权
    Liquid crystal device and driving method for the device 失效
    液晶装置及其驱动方法

    公开(公告)号:US06420000B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-07-16

    申请号:US09534448

    申请日:2000-03-24

    IPC分类号: C09K1902

    摘要: A liquid crystal device is constituted by a chiral smectic liquid crystal to form a plurality of pixels. The chiral smectic liquid crystal has a temperature-dependent tilt angle characteristic satisfying the following relationship: Ĥ10−Ĥ1≦4.0 degrees, wherein Ĥ10 denotes a tilt angle at a temperature which is 10° C. lower than an upper limit temperature of chiral smectic C phase and Ĥ1 denotes a tilt angle at a temperature which is 1° C. lower than the upper limit temperature. The liquid crystal is aligned to provide an average molecular axis to be placed in a monostable alignment state under no voltage application, is tilted from the monostable alignment state in one direction when supplied with a voltage of a first polarity at a tilting angle which varies depending on magnitude of the supplied voltage, and is tilted from the monostable alignment state in the other direction when supplied with a voltage of a second polarity opposite to the first polarity at a tilting angle, said tilting angles providing maximum tilting angles formed under application of the voltages of the first and second polarities, respectively, different from each other,and one of said tilting angles continuously changing depending on magnitude of the supplied voltage of the first polarity or the second polarity.

    摘要翻译: 液晶装置由手性近晶液晶构成,形成多个像素。 手性近晶液晶具有满足以下关系的温度依赖倾斜角特性:其中Ĥ10表示在比手性近晶C相的上限温度低10℃的温度下的倾斜角,Ĥ1表示倾斜角 在比上限温度低1℃的温度下进行。 将液晶对齐以提供在不施加电压的情况下以单稳态取向状态放置的平均分子轴,当以倾斜角提供第一极性的电压时,在单向取向状态下沿一个方向倾斜,倾斜角随着倾斜角度而变化 并且当被提供具有与倾斜角度相反的第一极性的第二极性的电压时,在另一方向上从单稳态取向状态倾斜,所述倾斜角度提供在施加的第一极性下形成的最大倾斜角度 第一和第二极性的电压分别彼此不同,并且所述倾斜角中的一个根据第一极性或第二极性的供给电压的大小而连续变化。

    Liquid crystal device and display apparatus including the device
    67.
    发明授权
    Liquid crystal device and display apparatus including the device 失效
    包括该装置的液晶装置和显示装置

    公开(公告)号:US06577289B1

    公开(公告)日:2003-06-10

    申请号:US09534447

    申请日:2000-03-24

    IPC分类号: G09G336

    摘要: A liquid crystal device comprises chiral smectic liquid crystal, two substrates and electrodes for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal to form pixels, each provided with an active element connected to an associated electrode on at least one substrate. The liquid crystal alignment forms domains D1 and D2, wherein the liquid crystal is aligned to provide an average molecular axis in a monostable alignment state under no voltage application, is tilted from such state in one direction when supplied with a voltage of a first polarity at a tilting angle which varies with the magnitude of the supplied voltage, and is tilted in the other direction when supplied with a voltage of a second and opposite polarity. Maximum tilting angles &bgr;1 and &bgr;2, formed under application of the voltages of the first and second polarities, respectively, satisfy: &bgr;1>&bgr;2>0 in domain D1 and 0

    摘要翻译: 液晶装置包括手性近晶液晶,两个基板和用于向液晶施加电压以形成像素的电极,每个具有连接到至少一个基板上的相关电极的有源元件。 液晶取向形成区域D1和D2,其中在不施加电压的情况下将液晶对准以提供单稳态取向状态的平均分子轴,当在第一极性的电压被提供时,从一个方向的这种状态倾斜 随着供电电压的大小而变化的倾斜角度,并且当被提供具有第二和相反极性的电压时在另一个方向上倾斜。 在施加第一和第二极性的电压下分别形成的最大倾斜角β1和β2满足:域D1中的β1>β2> 0并且在域D2中满足0 <β1<β2。

    Liquid crystal device and liquid crystal apparatus
    68.
    发明授权
    Liquid crystal device and liquid crystal apparatus 失效
    液晶装置和液晶装置

    公开(公告)号:US5858269A

    公开(公告)日:1999-01-12

    申请号:US715632

    申请日:1996-09-18

    摘要: A liquid crystal device is constituted by a pair of substrates each having thereon at least an electrode and an alignment control layer, and a liquid crystal composition disposed between the substrates. At least one of the alignment control layers has a thickness of at most 200 .ANG. or comprises polyimide. In the latter case, the pair of substrates have been subjected to mutually different aligning treatments. The liquid crystal composition comprises at least one species of a fluorine-containing mesomorphic compound in an amount of at least 70 wt. % comprising a fluorocarbon terminal portion and a hydrocarbon terminal portion, the terminal portions being connected with a central core, and having smectic mesophase or latent smectic mesophase, and comprises at least one species of a resistivity-modifying substance. The fluorine-containing mesomorphic compound comprises a compound having a fluorocarbon terminal portion containing at least one catenary ether oxygen atom in an amount of at least 30 wt. % based on the liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal device is effective in improving switching characteristics, an alignment characteristic and display performances while retaining a bookshelf structure or a near bookshelf structure with respect to a smectic layer structure.

    摘要翻译: 液晶装置由一对基板构成,每个基板至少具有电极和取向控制层,以及设置在基板之间的液晶组合物。 至少一个取向控制层的厚度至多为200或包含聚酰亚胺。 在后一种情况下,这对基板已进行相互不同的取向处理。 液晶组合物包含至少一种含氟介晶化合物,其含量至少为70wt。 %,其包含碳氟化合物末端部分和烃末端部分,末端部分与中心核心连接,并且具有近晶中间相或潜在的近晶中间相,并且包含至少一种电阻率修饰物质。 含氟介晶化合物包含含有至少一个链烯氧原子的碳氟化合物末端部分的化合物,其量至少为30重量%。 基于液晶组成。 液晶装置在保持相对于层间结构的书架结构或靠近书架结构的同时有效地改善开关特性,对准特性和显示性能。

    Liquid crystal device and liquid crystal display apparatus
    69.
    发明授权
    Liquid crystal device and liquid crystal display apparatus 失效
    液晶显示装置及液晶显示装置

    公开(公告)号:US06128064A

    公开(公告)日:2000-10-03

    申请号:US353154

    申请日:1999-07-14

    摘要: A liquid crystal device is constituted by a chiral smectic liquid crystal and a pair of substrates sandwiching the chiral smectic liquid crystal therebetween and each having thereon an electrode for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal. At least one of the substrates being provided with an alignment control film comprising a specific aromatic polyimide which has been subjected to a uniaxial aligning treatment. The chiral smectic liquid crystal assumes bistability in a chiral smectic temperature range when incorporated in a test cell which is not provided with an alignment control film and has been subjected to shearing treatment. In the liquid crystal device including the polyimide alignment control film, the chiral smectic liquid crystal at least has a voltage-transmittance characteristic such that an effective tilt angle and a transmittance continuously change depending on an electric field applied thereto.

    摘要翻译: 液晶装置由手性近晶液晶和夹在其间的手性近晶液晶的一对基板构成,并具有用于向液晶施加电压的电极。 至少一个基板设置有包含已经进行单轴对准处理的特定芳族聚酰亚胺的取向控制膜。 手性近晶液晶在手性近晶温度范围内呈现双重稳定性,当并入未设置取向控制膜并进行剪切处理的测试电池中时。 在包括聚酰亚胺取向控制膜的液晶装置中,手性近晶液晶至少具有电压 - 透射特性,使得有效倾斜角和透射率根据施加到其上的电场而不断变化。

    Liquid crystal device and liquid crystal apparatus
    70.
    发明授权
    Liquid crystal device and liquid crystal apparatus 失效
    液晶装置和液晶装置

    公开(公告)号:US06177152B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-01-23

    申请号:US08733771

    申请日:1996-10-18

    IPC分类号: C09K1900

    摘要: A liquid crystal device having a pair of electrode substrates, and a liquid crystal composition disposed between the substrates. At least one of the substrates is provided with an alignment control layer having a thickness of at most 200 Å and having been subjected to a rubbing uniaxial aligning treatment. The liquid crystal composition contains at least 30 wt. % of (i) at least one species of a fluorine-containing mesomorphic compound (B) represented by a formula (II) having smectic C phase and providing a tilt angle below 30 degrees at a temperature 15° C. below an upper limit temperature of said smectic C phase (ii) at least one species of compound (C) in an amount at least 5 wt. % represented by the formula (II) having a smectic C phase and which provides a tilt angle of at least 30 degrees at a temperature 15° C. below an upper limit temperature of said smectic C phase.

    摘要翻译: 具有一对电极基板的液晶装置和设置在基板之间的液晶组合物。 至少一个基板设置有具有至多为200埃的厚度的对准控制层,并进行摩擦单轴对准处理。 液晶组合物含有至少30wt。 %的(i)由式(II)表示的具有近晶C相的至少一种含氟介晶化合物(B),并在低于上限温度15℃的温度下提供低于30度的倾斜角 的所述近晶C相(ii)至少一种化合物(C),其量为至少5wt。 由具有近晶C相的式(II)表示的%,并且在比所述近晶C相的上限温度低15℃的温度下提供至少30度的倾斜角。