公开(公告)号：US06843118B2

公开(公告)日：2005-01-18

申请号：US10094544

申请日：2002-03-08

申请人： Preston N. Weintraub ,  Pedro R. Segura ,  Mark A. Proett

发明人： Preston N. Weintraub ,  Pedro R. Segura ,  Mark A. Proett

IPC分类号： E21B49/00 ,  E21B49/08 ,  E21B49/10

CPC分类号： E21B49/008 ,  E21B49/082 ,  E21B49/10

摘要： The present invention is directed to methods and apparatus for using a formation tester to perform a pretest, in a formation having low permeability, by intermittently collecting a portion of fluid at a constant drawdown rate. The drawdown pressure is monitored until a maximum differential pressure is reached between the formation and the tester. Then the piston is stopped until the differential pressure increases to a set value, at which time the piston is restarted. The controlled intermittent operation of the piston continues until a set pretest volume is reached. The modulated drawdown allows for an accurate collection of pressure versus time data that is then used to calculate the formation pressure and permeability. The present invention also finds applicability in logging-while-drilling and measurement-while drilling applications where power conservation is critical.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及使用地层测试仪在具有低渗透性的地层中以恒定的降低速率间歇地收集一部分流体来进行预测试的方法和装置。 监测压降压力，直到地层和测试仪之间达到最大压差。 然后，活塞停止直到差压增加到设定值，此时活塞重新启动。 活塞的受控间歇操作继续，直到达到设定的预测试体积。 调制下降允许精确收集压力与时间数据，然后用于计算地层压力和渗透率。 本发明还可以在钻井和测量中记录应用，同时在节能至关重要的钻井应用中。

公开(公告)号：US06807857B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-26

申请号：US10163236

申请日：2002-06-05

申请人： Bruce H. Storm, Jr. ,  Mark A. Proett

发明人： Bruce H. Storm, Jr. ,  Mark A. Proett

IPC分类号： G01N926

CPC分类号： G01N9/26

摘要： The current invention provides a process and apparatus for determining the density of a flowing fluid without requiring knowledge of the fluid's Theological properties. The process of the current invention is capable of providing continuous “real time” analysis of fluid density. The apparatus of the current invention comprises at least two pressure assessment zones fitted with fluid pressure sensing points. Pressure sensing devices connected to the pressure sensing points provide the data necessary to enable the calculation of fluid density.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于确定流动流体的密度而不需要了解流体的神学性质的方法和装置。 本发明的方法能够提供流体密度的连续“实时”分析。 本发明的装置包括装有流体压力传感点的至少两个压力评估区。 连接到压力感测点的压力感测装置提供了能够计算流体密度所需的数据。

公开(公告)号：US5741962A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-21

申请号：US628408

申请日：1996-04-05

申请人： James R. Birchak ,  Mark A. Proett

发明人： James R. Birchak ,  Mark A. Proett

IPC分类号： E21B49/10 ,  G01N29/024 ,  G01N33/28 ,  G01V1/40 ,  E21B47/10 ,  E21B43/00

CPC分类号： G01V1/40 ,  E21B49/10 ,  G01N29/024 ,  G01N2291/011 ,  G01N2291/015 ,  G01N2291/018 ,  G01N2291/02433 ,  G01N2291/02818 ,  G01N2291/02872 ,  G01N2291/048 ,  G01N2291/102

摘要： This invention provides a closed-loop system for in situ testing of formation fluid conditions and for selectively collecting substantially mud filtrate free formation fluid samples at original formation conditions. The system contains an elongated member having a probe that is sealingly placed against the wellbore formation to withdraw formation fluids. A surface controlled pump controls the flow of a fluid from the formation into a flowline placed in the elongated member. A pressure sensor provides downhole hydrostatic pressure and an acoustic density cell provides the speed of sound in the fluid, acoustic impedance of the fluid and acoustic absorption coefficient of the fluid in the flowline. The system determines the density and compressibility of the formation fluid in the flowline from the speed of sound in the fluid and acoustic impedance of the fluid. The formation of the bubbles are identified or detected from the acoustic absorption coefficient of the fluid in the flowline. The system controls the movement of fluid into the flowline to selectively collect the formation fluid samples that are substantially free from any mud filtrates while maintaining the fluid pressure above the bubble point pressure of the formation fluid. This invention provides a method for retrieving and collecting formation fluids from a zone of interest in a wellbore at the original formation conditions.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种闭环系统，用于对地层流体条件进行原位测试，并在原始形成条件下选择性地基本上收集泥浆无滤液地层流体样品。 该系统包含细长构件，其具有密封地抵靠井筒地层放置以取出地层流体的探针。 表面控制的泵控制流体从地层流入放置在细长构件中的流线。 压力传感器提供井下静水压力，声学密度单元提供流体中的声速，流体的声阻抗和流线中流体的声吸收系数。 该系统从流体中的声速和流体的声阻抗来确定流线中的地层流体的密度和压缩性。 根据流线中的流体的声吸收系数识别或检测气泡的形成。 该系统控制流体流入流线以选择性地收集基本上没有任何泥浆滤液的地层流体样品，同时将流体压力保持在地层流体的泡点压力以上。 本发明提供了一种用于在原始形成条件下从井眼中的感兴趣区域中回收和收集地层流体的方法。

公开(公告)号：US5644076A

公开(公告)日：1997-07-01

申请号：US614617

申请日：1996-03-14

申请人： Mark A. Proett ,  Margaret C. Waid ,  Wilson C. Chin

发明人： Mark A. Proett ,  Margaret C. Waid ,  Wilson C. Chin

IPC分类号： E21B49/00 ,  E21B49/10 ,  E21B47/00

CPC分类号： E21B49/10 ,  E21B49/008

摘要： An improved formation testing method increases the accuracy of in-situ formation pressure measurements by characterizing the mudcake properties. Specifically, after a formation tester is lowered to a desired depth within a wellbore, a pad is extended to gently abut and seal against the mudcake without disturbing the mudcake. When pressed against the mudcake, the pad experiences momentarily higher pressures, which are measured by a probe housed by the pad. These pressures may be enhanced by briefly rejecting fluids through the probe, so as to avoid disturbing the mudcake. The probe continues to measure pressure, which eventually decreases relative to hydrostatic pressure in the wellbore, due to the flow of high-pressure wellbore fluids through the mudcake. Since the rate of fluid flow outward into the formation is governed by the permeability of the mudcake, measuring the rate of pressure decline during this initial period provides useful data to more accurately estimate properties such as formation compressibility. Additionally, indicia of the mudcake properties themselves may be generated. After the initial mudcake tests, the formation tester may be used to perform drawdown and/or buildup tests, by a process of withdrawing or injection fluids into the formation through the mudcake.

摘要翻译： 改进的地层测试方法通过表征泥浆性质来提高原位地层压力测量的准确度。 具体地说，在将地层测试仪降低到井眼内所需的深度之后，将垫延伸以轻轻地抵靠并密封在泥饼上，而不会干扰泥饼。 当压在泥饼上时，垫经历瞬间更高的压力，这是通过由垫容纳的探针来测量的。 这些压力可以通过简单地通过探针排出流体来增强，以避免干扰泥饼。 由于高压井眼流体通过泥饼的流动，探头继续测量压力，该压力最终相对于井筒中的静水压力而降低。 由于流入地层的流体流速由泥饼的渗透率决定，因此在初始阶段测量压力下降速率提供了更为准确的估计地层压缩性能的数据。 此外，可能产生泥饼性质本身的标记。 在初始泥饼测试之后，地层测试仪可以用于通过将泥浆从地层中抽出或注入流体的过程进行抽水和/或堆积测试。

公开(公告)号：US5602334A

公开(公告)日：1997-02-11

申请号：US261512

申请日：1994-06-17

申请人： Mark A. Proett ,  Margaret C. Waid

发明人： Mark A. Proett ,  Margaret C. Waid

IPC分类号： E21B49/00 ,  E21B49/10

CPC分类号： E21B49/10 ,  E21B49/008

摘要： An improved formation testing method for measuring initial sandface pressure and formation permeability in tight zone formations exhibiting formation permeabilities on the order of 1.0-0.001 millidarcies based on pressure transients which occur shortly after the tester enters its pressure buildup cycle and substantially before reaching final buildup pressure. The method makes an estimate of formation permeability based on fluid decompression transients which occur in the formation tester flowlines which occur shortly after the tester begins its buildup cycle. The method further estimates initial sandface pressure based on the change in pressure over time shortly after beginning the buildup phase. The method of the present invention thereby permits accurate estimates of formation permeability and initial sandface pressure to be made relatively early in the buildup cycle, thus substantially reducing the time required to make the pressure and permeability measurements.

摘要翻译： 一种改进的地层测试方法，用于测量紧密区域地层中初始砂面压力和地层渗透率，其基于在试验机进入其压力累积周期后并且基本上达到最终堆积压力之前不久发生的压力瞬变，其表现出大约1.0-0.001毫升的地层渗透率 。 该方法基于在测试仪开始累积周期后不久发生的地层测试仪流线中基于流体减压瞬变的方法估计地层渗透率。 该方法进一步基于在开始积聚阶段后不久的压力随时间的变化来估计初始砂面压力。 因此，本发明的方法允许在堆积循环中相对较早地进行地层渗透性和初始砂面压力的准确估计，从而大大减少了进行压力和渗透率测量所需的时间。