Abstract:
A liquid crystal display device comprising a wiring line of a laminated structure over an insulating substrate. The laminated structure includes a first layer made of a first metal layer, and a second layer formed over the first layer and made of a second metal layer having the same principal component as that of the first metal layer but a different added element and/or a different composition. The first layer has a side end face of a right-tapered shape, whereas the second layer has a side end face set at a right angle or counter-tapered with respect to the substrate face.
Abstract:
An electrophotographic photosensitive member is constituted by disposing a photosensitive layer including a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer on an electroconductive support. The charge transport layer has a thickness of at most 12 .mu.m and is formed by dispersing therein particles having a particle size of 1-3 .mu.m at a density of 1.times.10.sup.4 -2.times.10.sup.5 particles/mm.sup.2. The charge transport layer and the particles described above provides a difference in refractive index of at least 0.10. The photosensitive member is effective in providing good images free from black spots and interference fringes and with a good gradation-reproducing characteristic when used as a structural member of a process cartridge and an image forming apparatus.
Abstract translation:电子照相感光构件通过在导电性载体上设置包含电荷产生层和电荷输送层的感光层而构成。 电荷输送层的厚度为12μm以下,通过在1×10 4 -2×10 5个/ mm 2的密度下分散粒径为1〜3μm的粒子而形成。 电荷传输层和上述颗粒提供至少0.10的折射率差异。 当用作处理盒和图像形成装置的结构构件时,感光构件有效地提供没有黑点和干涉条纹的良好图像,并且具有良好的渐变再现特性。
Abstract:
A transfer material carrying member has a copolymer and conductive particles; the copolymer has a component unit represented by the Formula (I) and a component unit represented by the Formula (II), and the component unit represented by Formula (II) is in an amount of from 0.1% by weight to 50% by weight based on the total weight of the copolymer.
Abstract:
A digital cross connect system includes reception interface parts for converting an input line signal into a VT signal having a VT frame format in conformance with synchronous optical network (SONET) standards, a switching part for cross connecting the VT signal received from the reception interface parts, and transmission interface parts for converting the cross connected VT signal received from the switching parts into a line signal. The reception interface part inserts a frame synchronizing signal within a reserved path overhead part of the VT signal, and the transmission interface part achieves frame synchronization of the VT signal in response to the frame synchronizing signal.