公开(公告)号：US07660300B2

公开(公告)日：2010-02-09

申请号：US10780686

申请日：2004-02-19

申请人： Maged E. Beshai

发明人： Maged E. Beshai

IPC分类号： H04L12/50

CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 ,  H04L49/10 ,  H04L49/1546 ,  H04L49/30 ,  H04Q2011/0035

摘要： A polyphase circulating switch includes switch modules interconnected through a multiplicity of rotators preferably arranged in complementary groups of opposite rotation directions. A polyphase circulating switch having a low switching delay is derived from a multi-rotator circulating switch by providing programmable rotators having adjustable relative rotator-cycle phases. A low delay high-capacity switch may also be constructed from prior-art medium-capacity rotator space switches with mutually phase-shifted rotation cycles. A network comprising several constellations of switch modules distributed over a wide geographic area, where the switch modules of each constellation are interconnected through a rotator assembly, is also disclosed. A rotator assembly may comprise an array of rotators and a master controller for data-transfer scheduling and time-coordination.

摘要翻译： 多相循环开关包括通过多个旋转器相互连接的开关模块，所述多个转子优选地以相反的旋转方向互补的组布置。 具有低开关延迟的多相循环开关通过提供具有可调节的相对旋转周期相位的可编程旋转器从多旋转循环开关导出。 低延迟大容量开关也可以由具有相互相移的旋转周期的现有技术的中容量旋转器空间开关构成。 还公开了一种网络，其包括分布在广泛地理区域上的交换模块的几个星座，其中每个星座的交换模块通过旋转器组件互连。 旋转器组件可以包括旋转体阵列和用于数据传送调度和时间协调的主控制器。

公开(公告)号：US07639678B2

公开(公告)日：2009-12-29

申请号：US11002398

申请日：2004-12-02

申请人： Maged E. Beshai

发明人： Maged E. Beshai

IPC分类号： H04Q11/00

CPC分类号： H04L49/103

摘要： A transit memory assembly of a rotator-based switching node is logically partitioned into two sections, one operated as a common-memory switch fabric and the other as a time-shared space-switch fabric. The composition of data received at input ports of the switching node determines adaptive capacity division between the two sections. Based on an indication of traffic type, a controller of at least one input port selects one of the two sections. The space-switch section enables scalability to a high transport capacity while the common-memory section enables scalability to a high processing throughput. The switching node includes rotators and a bank of transit-memory devices that facilitate the incorporation of any mixture of periodic, aperiodic, contention-free exclusive-access, concurrent-access, and multicast switching.

摘要翻译： 基于旋转器的交换节点的传输存储器组件被逻辑地分为两部分，一部分作为公共存储器交换结构运行，另一个作为时间共享的空间交换结构。 在交换节点的输入端口处接收的数据的组合决定了两个部分之间的适应能力分配。 基于流量类型的指示，至少一个输入端口的控制器选择两个部分中的一个。 空间切换部分使得可扩展性达到高传输容量，而公共存储器部分可实现高处理吞吐量的可扩展性。 交换节点包括旋转器和一组转接存储器件，其便于结合周期性，非周期性，无争用的独占访问，并发访问和多播交换的任何混合。

公开(公告)号：US20090262731A1

公开(公告)日：2009-10-22

申请号：US12493801

申请日：2009-06-29

申请人： Maged E. Beshai

发明人： Maged E. Beshai

IPC分类号： H04L12/50

CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 ,  H04L49/10 ,  H04L49/1546 ,  H04L49/30 ,  H04Q2011/0035

摘要： A circulating switch comprises switch modules of moderate capacities interconnected by a passive rotator. Data is sent from a one switch module to another switch module either directly, traversing the rotator once, or indirectly through at least one intermediate switch module where the rotator is traversed twice. A higher capacity extended circulating switch is constructed from higher-capacity switch modules, implemented as common memory switches and having multiple ports, interconnected through a multiplicity of rotators preferably arranged in complementary groups of rotators of opposite rotation directions. A polyphase circulating switch having a low switching delay is derived from a multi-rotator circulating switch by providing programmable rotators having adjustable relative rotator-cycle phases. A low delay high-capacity switch may also be constructed from prior-art medium-capacity rotator space switches with mutually phase-shifted rotation cycles.

摘要翻译： 循环开关包括通过被动旋转器互连的中等容量的开关模块。 数据从一个开关模块直接发送到另一个开关模块，一次穿过旋转器，或间接地通过至少一个中间开关模块，其中旋转器穿过两次。 较高容量的扩展循环开关由更高容量的开关模块构成，其实现为公共存储器开关并且具有多个端口，通过多个转动器互连，优选地以相反旋转方向的互斥旋转组布置。 具有低开关延迟的多相循环开关通过提供具有可调节的相对旋转周期相位的可编程旋转器从多旋转循环开关导出。 低延迟大容量开关也可以由具有相互相移的旋转周期的现有技术的中容量旋转器空间开关构成。

公开(公告)号：US07590109B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-15

申请号：US11696213

申请日：2007-04-04

申请人： Maged E. Beshai ,  Bilel N. Jamoussi

发明人： Maged E. Beshai ,  Bilel N. Jamoussi

IPC分类号： H04L12/50 ,  H04J14/00 ,  H04B10/20

CPC分类号： H04Q11/0066 ,  H04Q2011/0064 ,  H04Q2011/0088

摘要： Methods and apparatus for scheduling transfer of data bursts in a network comprising electronic edge nodes interconnected by bufferless core nodes are disclosed. Each edge node comprises a source node and a sink node, and each core node comprises several bufferless space switches operating in parallel. Each space switch has a master controller and one of the master controllers in a core node functions as a core-node controller. Each master controller has a burst scheduler for computing a schedule for transfer of data bursts, received from source nodes, to respective destination sink nodes. A core-node controller receives requests for bitrate allocations from source nodes and assigns each request to one of the master controllers of the core node. In one embodiment, a scheduler determines schedules for concatenated reconfiguration periods. In another embodiment, parallel schedulers determine schedules for overlapping reconfiguration periods.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种在包括由无缓冲核心节点互连的电子边缘节点的网络中调度数据突发传输的方法和装置。 每个边缘节点包括源节点和宿节点，并且每个核心节点包括几个并行操作的无缓冲空间交换机。 每个空间交换机都有一个主控制器，一个核心节点中的一个主控制器用作核心节点控制器。 每个主控制器具有突发调度器，用于计算从源节点接收的数据突发传输到相应目的接收节点的调度。 核心节点控制器从源节点接收对比特率分配的请求，并将每个请求分配给核心节点的一个主控制器。 在一个实施例中，调度器确定用于级联重新配置周期的调度。 在另一个实施例中，并行调度器确定重叠重配置周期的时间表。

公开(公告)号：US07573826B1

公开(公告)日：2009-08-11

申请号：US11220126

申请日：2005-09-06

申请人： Maged E. Beshai ,  Silvana D. Romagnino

发明人： Maged E. Beshai ,  Silvana D. Romagnino

IPC分类号： G01R31/08

CPC分类号： H04L29/12009 ,  H04L29/12207 ,  H04L29/12801 ,  H04L41/5009 ,  H04L43/12 ,  H04L61/20 ,  H04L61/6004

摘要： A future-proof network comprising multiple independent core media and universal edge nodes is disclosed. The edge nodes are equipped to evaluate the performance of each of the core media. Network-fabric decoupling and, more importantly protocol decoupling, permit graceful retirement of inferior core media and growth of superior core media.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种包括多个独立核心介质和通用边缘节点的面向未来的网络。 边缘节点被配备来评估每个核心介质的性能。 网络结构解耦，更重要的是协议解耦，允许劣质核心媒体退休，优质核心媒体成长。

公开(公告)号：US07567516B2

公开(公告)日：2009-07-28

申请号：US10839237

申请日：2004-05-06

申请人： Maged E. Beshai ,  François J. Blouin

发明人： Maged E. Beshai ,  François J. Blouin

IPC分类号： G01R31/08

CPC分类号： H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/22

摘要： In a communication network comprising nodes and links between the nodes, a controller node disseminates routing information including nodal routing tables. A nodal routing table for a given node comprises alternate routes from the given node to other nodes in the network. A controller of the network receives traffic information from nodes and, based on the received traffic information, determines a set of adaptive routing information corresponding to each said node and transmits each set of adaptive routing information to the respective node. Determining the set of adaptive routing information is performed according to a courteous routing scheme. The routing scheme is labeled as “courteous” because, in a contention state, a node-pair that would suffer the least by directing a part of its traffic away from a preferred path yields to node pairs that suffer more by redirecting their traffic. Courteous routing increases the payload throughput and decreases real-time processing effort. A node, having received the set of adaptive routing information, initializes a set of vacancy vectors. The vacancy vectors are used while allocating incoming connection requests to routes. While a connection is allocated to a route, the available capacity of the allocated route, as reported in the vacancy vector, is reduced by the load of the allocated connection.

摘要翻译： 在包括节点之间的节点和链路的通信网络中，控制器节点传播包括节点路由表的路由信息​​。 给定节点的节点路由表包括从给定节点到网络中其他节点的备用路由。 网络控制器从节点接收业务信息，根据接收到的业务信息，确定与每个所述节点相对应的一组自适应路由信息，并将每组自适应路由信息发送到相应的节点。 根据有礼貌的路由方案来确定自适应路由信息的集合。 路由方案被标记为“有礼貌”，因为在竞争状态下，将通过将其部分业务指向优选路径而受到最小影响的节点对产生通过重定向其业务而遭受更多困难的节点对。 有线路由增加了有效载荷吞吐量，并减少了实时处理工作量。 已经接收到一组自适应路由信息的节点初始化一组空位向量。 在向路由分配传入连接请求时使用空位矢量。 当连接被分配给路由时，由空闲向量报告的所分配的路由的可用容量由所分配的连接的负载减少。

公开(公告)号：US07394806B2

公开(公告)日：2008-07-01

申请号：US10390730

申请日：2003-03-19

申请人： Maged E. Beshai ,  Dominic John Goodwill

发明人： Maged E. Beshai ,  Dominic John Goodwill

IPC分类号： H04L12/50

CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0011 ,  H04Q2011/0015 ,  H04Q2011/0016 ,  H04Q2011/0024 ,  H04Q2011/0032 ,  H04Q2011/0033 ,  H04Q2011/0039 ,  H04Q2011/005 ,  H04Q2011/0052

摘要： A wide-coverage, high-capacity, switching network is modeled after a classical space-time-space switch. In the switching network, each of the space stages comprises geographically distributed optical space switches and the time stage comprises a plurality of geographically distributed high-capacity electronic switching nodes. User-access concentrators, each supporting numerous users, access the network through ports of the distributed optical space switches. A user-access concentrator is a simple device which need only have a single access channel to access the network, although two or more access channels may be used. Such a user-access concentrator can communicate with a large number of other user-access concentrators by time-multiplexing the access channel.

摘要翻译： 广泛覆盖，大容量的交换网络在经典的时空交换机之后被建模。 在交换网络中，每个空间级包括地理上分布的光空间交换机，并且时间段包括多个地理分布的大容量电子交换节点。 用户接入集中器，每个支持多个用户，通过分布式光学空间交换机的端口接入网络。 用户接入集中器是一种简单的设备，只需要具有单个接入信道来接入网络，尽管可以使用两个或多个接入信道。 这样的用户接入集中器可以通过对接入信道进行时分复用来与大量的其他用户接入集中器通信。

公开(公告)号：US07366412B2

公开(公告)日：2008-04-29

申请号：US10290314

申请日：2002-11-08

申请人： Maged E. Beshai

发明人： Maged E. Beshai

IPC分类号： H04J14/00

CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q11/0071 ,  H04Q2011/0033

摘要： An optical shell node is provided with an ability to perform time switching on signals received from subtending edge nodes and channel switching on signals received from other shell nodes and destined for the subtending edge nodes. The signals received from the subtending edge nodes may be aggregated into signals that are channel switched by optical core nodes or by other shell nodes toward destination edge nodes. A resultant network formed of these shell nodes along with channel-switching core nodes and subtending-upon-shell-node edge nodes is capable of expansion beyond a continental scale, can support large numbers of edge nodes and has a higher bit rate capacity than known optical network structures.

摘要翻译： 光学壳体节点具有对对边缘节点接收的信号执行时间切换的能力，并且对从其他壳节点接收的并发往边缘节点的信号进行信道切换。 从对边缘节点接收的信号可以被聚合成由光核心节点或其他壳节点向目的地边缘节点切换的信道。 由这些壳节点形成的结果网络以及信道切换核心节点和对边壳节点边缘节点能够扩展到大陆范围之外，可以支持大量的边缘节点，并且具有比已知的更高的比特率容量 光网络结构。

公开(公告)号：US20080075071A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-27

申请号：US11526548

申请日：2006-09-25

申请人： Maged E. Beshai

发明人： Maged E. Beshai

IPC分类号： H04L12/50

CPC分类号： H04B10/27 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0032 ,  H04Q2011/0039 ,  H04Q2011/0045 ,  H04Q2011/0056

摘要： A network comprising a large number of electronic edge nodes interconnected through bufferless optical switch planes so that a signal from any edge node to any other edge node traverses only one switch plane scales to a capacity of hundreds of petabits per second while providing global geographic coverage. Each edge node is time-locked to each optical switch plane to which it connects to enable loss-free time-sharing of the network core despite the absence of buffers in the core. In an alternate implementation, a relatively small number of electronic switch units may be employed in a predominantly-optical core. In addition to scalability and high performance, the simple structure of the network significantly simplifies addressing and routing.

摘要翻译： 包括通过无缓冲器光交换平面互连的大量电子边缘节点的网络，使得来自任何边缘节点到任何其他边缘节点的信号仅穿过一个交换平面，在提供全球地理覆盖的情况下可以扩展到每秒数百个比特的容量。 每个边缘节点都与其连接的每个光交换平面进行时间锁定，以实现网络核心的无损时间分配，尽管核心中没有缓冲区。 在替代实施方案中，相对较少数量的电子开关单元可以用在主要是光学核心中。 除了可扩展性和高性能之外，网络的简单结构显着简化了寻址和路由。

公开(公告)号：US07317726B2

公开(公告)日：2008-01-08

申请号：US10410169

申请日：2003-04-10

申请人： Maged E. Beshai

发明人： Maged E. Beshai

IPC分类号： H04J3/16

CPC分类号： H04J14/0227 ,  H04J3/0638 ,  H04J14/0241 ,  H04J14/0284 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0009 ,  H04Q2011/0011 ,  H04Q2011/0015 ,  H04Q2011/0018 ,  H04Q2011/0024 ,  H04Q2011/0032 ,  H04Q2011/0033 ,  H04Q2011/0039 ,  H04Q2011/005 ,  H04Q2011/0052 ,  H04Q2011/0088

摘要： In a fast optical switch comprising a plurality of star couplers, channel switching, Time Division Multiplex (TDM) switching, or both may be provided. The operation of the fast optical switch is enabled by a fast scheduler comprising at least two scheduler modules. The throughput of the optical switch may be increased through a process of bimodal pipelined connection-packing.

摘要翻译： 在包括多个星形耦合器的快速光学开关中，可以提供信道切换，时分复用（TDM）切换或两者。 通过包括至少两个调度器模块的快速调度器来实现快速光交换机的操作。 可以通过双模流水线连接包装的过程来增加光学开关的吞吐量。