公开(公告)号：US11121336B2

公开(公告)日：2021-09-14

申请号：US14646154

申请日：2013-11-22

Applicant: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Jeramy D. Zimmerman ,  Xin Xiao

IPC: H01L51/42 ,  H01L51/00 ,  B82Y10/00

Abstract: Disclosed herein are organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices comprising two electrodes in superposed relation; a mixed photoactive layer located between the two electrodes, wherein the mixed photoactive layer comprises at least one donor material having a HOMO energy and at least one acceptor material having a LUMO energy, wherein the at least one donor material and the at least one acceptor material form a mixed donor-acceptor heterojunction; a photoactive layer adjacent to and interfacing with the mixed photoactive layer, wherein the photoactive layer comprises a material having a LUMO energy within 0.3 eV of the LUMO energy of the at least one acceptor material or a HOMO energy within 0.3 eV of the HOMO energy of the at least one donor material; and a buffer layer adjacent to and interfacing with the mixed photoactive layer.

公开(公告)号：US10978654B2

公开(公告)日：2021-04-13

申请号：US15030160

申请日：2014-10-27

Applicant: The Regents of the University of Michigan

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Olga L Griffith

IPC: H01L51/42 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/50

Abstract: Disclosed herein are organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices, such as organic photovoltaics, including a photoactive region, wherein the photoactive region contains an energy-cascading multilayer donor region. The energy-cascading multilayer donor region may drive exciton transfer from an anode to a dissociating interface while reducing exciton quenching, improving overlap with the solar spectrum, and minimizing polaron pair recombination, resulting in improved device performance.

公开(公告)号：US20200328356A1

公开(公告)日：2020-10-15

申请号：US16761914

申请日：2018-11-05

Applicant: The Regents of the University of Michigan

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Yongxi Li ,  Xiao Liu

IPC: H01L51/00 ,  C07D495/22

Abstract: Organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) and their compositions are described herein. In one or more embodiments, the acceptor with an active layer of an OPV includes is a non-fullerene acceptor. Such non-fullerene acceptors may provide improved OPV performance characteristics such as improved power conversion efficiency, open circuit voltage, fill factor, short circuit current, and/or external quantum efficiency. One example of a non-fullerene acceptor is (4,4,10,10-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-5,11-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-4,10-dihydro-dithienyl[1,2-b:4,5b′] benzodi-thiophene-2,8-diyl) bis(2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-5,6-dichloro-1-ylidene) malononitrile.

公开(公告)号：US20200303645A1

公开(公告)日：2020-09-24

申请号：US16821416

申请日：2020-05-05

Applicant: The Regents of the University of Michigan

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Jeffrey A. Horowitz

IPC: H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/56 ,  B81B7/00

Abstract: An organic vapor deposition device comprises a print head, comprising a source channel, in fluid communication with a flow of carrier gas and a quantity of organic source material configured to mix with the carrier gas, a nozzle having a deposition outlet, in fluid communication with the source channel, and a shutter configured at least to open and close the deposition outlet, wherein the print heat is configured to allow the flow of carrier gas and the organic source material exit the deposition outlet when the shutter is in an open position, and to prevent the flow of carrier gas and the organic source material from exiting the deposition outlet when the shutter is in a closed position. A method of manufacturing a device comprising an organic feature on a substrate is also described.

公开(公告)号：US20200295286A1

公开(公告)日：2020-09-17

申请号：US16803033

申请日：2020-02-27

Applicant: The Regents of the University of Michigan

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Lingjie J. Guo ,  Yongxi Li ,  Chengang Ji

IPC: H01L51/44 ,  H01L51/42 ,  H01L51/00

Abstract: An organic photovoltaic cell comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, an active layer comprising at least one donor material and at least one acceptor material, positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode, an outcoupling layer positioned on a surface of the first electrode such that the first electrode is positioned between the outcoupling layer and the active layer, and an anti-reflective coating positioned over a surface of the second electrode such that the second electrode is positioned between the anti-reflective coating and the active layer, wherein the organic photovoltaic cell is at least semi-transparent to at least one wavelength range. A method of fabricating an organic device is also described.

公开(公告)号：US20200007069A1

公开(公告)日：2020-01-02

申请号：US16455015

申请日：2019-06-27

Applicant: The Regents of the University of Michigan

Inventor： Andrej Lenert ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Tobias Eugene Burger ,  Deiju Fan ,  Kyusang Lee

IPC: H02S10/30 ,  H01L31/056 ,  H01L31/0216 ,  H01L31/0304

Abstract: Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) systems and devices with improved efficiencies are disclosed herein. In one example, a thermophotovoltaic (TPV) cell includes an active layer; a back-surface reflective (BSR) layer; and a spacer layer positioned between the active layer and back-surface reflective layer.

公开(公告)号：US10333079B2

公开(公告)日：2019-06-25

申请号：US14853256

申请日：2015-09-14

Applicant: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ,  UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

Inventor： Mark E. Thompson ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Guodan Wei ,  Siyi Wang ,  Lincoln Hall ,  Viacheslav V. Diev ,  Xin Xiao

IPC: H01L51/00 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  C09B57/00 ,  C09K11/06 ,  H01G9/20 ,  H01L51/42

Abstract: There is disclosed squaraine compounds of formula I: wherein each of Y1 and Y2 is independently chosen from an optionally substituted amino group and an optionally substituted aryl group. Also described are organic optoelectronic devices comprising a Donor-Acceptor heterojunction that is formed from one or more of the squaraine compounds. A method of making the disclosed device, which may include one or more sublimation step for depositing said squaraine compound, is also disclosed.

公开(公告)号：US10290816B2

公开(公告)日：2019-05-14

申请号：US15347371

申请日：2016-11-09

Applicant: The Regents of the University of Michigan

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Jaesang Lee ,  Quinn Burlingame

IPC: H01L51/00 ,  C09K11/06 ,  H01L51/50

Abstract: An organic light emitting device is disclosed whose emissive layer has a host material, a first emissive dopant, and a second dopant. The second dopant is an excited energy state managing dopant provided in an amount between 2-10 vol. % of the emissive layer and has a lowest triplet state energy level, TM, that is higher than a lowest triplet state energy levels, T1, of both the host and the first dopant and lower than the multiply-excited energy level, T*, of the first dopant.

公开(公告)号：US10256421B2

公开(公告)日：2019-04-09

申请号：US15283958

申请日：2016-10-03

Applicant: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA ,  THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

Inventor： Mark E. Thompson ,  Viacheslav Diev ,  Kenneth Hanson ,  Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: C07D513/22 ,  H01L51/00 ,  C09B47/00 ,  C07D487/22 ,  C07D495/22 ,  H05B33/10 ,  H01L51/42

Abstract: A compound that can be used as a donor material in organic photovoltaic devices comprising a non-activated porphyrin fused with one or more non-activated polycyclic aromatic rings or one or more non-activated heterocyclic rings can be obtained by a thermal fusion process. The compounds include those having the following structure By heating the reaction mixture of non-activated porphyrins with non-activated polycyclic aromatic rings or heterocyclic rings to a fusion temperature and holding for a predetermined time, fusion of one or more polycyclic rings or heterocyclic rings to the non-activated porphyrin core in meso,β fashion is achieved resulting in hybrid structures containing a distorted porphyrin ring with annulated aromatic rings. The porphyrin core can be olygoporphyrins.

公开(公告)号：US10229958B2

公开(公告)日：2019-03-12

申请号：US16112960

申请日：2018-08-27

Applicant: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Kyusang Lee

IPC: H01L27/32 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/56 ,  H01L33/00 ,  G09G3/3208 ,  G09G3/32

Abstract: Devices including organic and inorganic LEDs are provided. Techniques for fabricating the devices include fabricating an inorganic LED on a parent substrate and transferring the LED to a host substrate via a non-destructive ELO process. Scaling techniques are also provided, in which an elastomeric substrate is deformed to achieve a desired display size.