Abstract:
Provided are an encoder and/or decoder for an OCDMA (optical code division multiple access) and a method thereof. The encoder and/or decoder includes: a demultiplexer outputting multi-wavelength optical signals through paths varying with a wavelength using a plurality of first fused couplers having different coupling coefficients; and a multiplexer selecting the signals of predetermined wavelengths out of output signals from the demultiplexer using a plurality of second fused couplers symmetric to the plurality of first fused couplers and generating a PN code corresponding to the selected wavelengths.
Abstract:
Provided are a sensor node device and method for supporting mobility of a mobile node in a sensor network. The sensor node device includes: a network interface for communicating with a sink node, at least one neighboring sensor node, and the mobile node; a mobility supervisor for detecting a location of the mobile node, and deciding a sensor node for a service of a data packet received through the network interface on the basis of the detected location; a transmission decision maker for deciding a transmission mode for the data packet received through the network interface according to the location of the mobile node; and a state reporter for reporting a transmission state of the data packet through the sensor node device. When the mobile node moves to a place where radio wave propagation areas of sensor nodes overlap each other, the radio wave intensity of each sensor node is detected to perform a handoff to the sensor node of the area having the strongest radio wave intensity. Thus, a ping-pong problem caused by unnecessary repeated handoff, and a delay problem caused by too slow handoff, can be prevented.
Abstract:
A washer and a method of controlling operation of the washer is provided. The washer includes a main body; a washing chamber which is disposed in the main body and accommodates a stuff to be washed, including a water outlet formed on the bottom surface thereof and a water feed inlet on one end of which a shower nozzle is formed; an ultrasonic oscillator generating vibration in the washing chamber; and a control unit which can control a washing process, wherein the washing chamber includes an overflow hole through which washing water can overflow from the washing chamber. The washer performs an initial washing operation and a main washing operation in combination. In the initial washing operation, stuffs to be washed such as fruits and vegetables are contained in the washing chamber and then water is supplied on the stuffs to be washed through the shower nozzle in a showering manner to then be discharged so that foreign matter stick to the stuffs can be primarily removed. In the main washing operation, water is re-supplied into the washing chamber to fill the washing chamber up, to then perform the main washing operation called an ultrasonic washing operation through the ultrasonic oscillator. During performing the main washing operation, water is additionally fed in every period of time in a manner that a certain amount of floating matter can be flown out through the overflow hole. As a result, light foreign matter floating in the water among the foreign matter detached from the stuffs to be washed is flown out together with the water, to thereby prevent floating foreign matter from sticking again to the stuffs during washing and improve a washing effect. The washer can automatically and cleanly wash stuffs such as fruits and vegetables to be washed which requires a long washing time, to thereby provide an effect of shortening the whole washing time.
Abstract:
A method for controlling the amount of a refrigerant of a dual type unitary air conditioner, which has a plurality of centralized warm and cold air circulators and at least one individual warm and cold air circulator, includes inputting the operation capacity of compressors of an outdoor unit of the dual type unitary air conditioner; setting a superheating temperature of the individual warm and cold air circulator to a relatively low value when the operation capacity is large, and setting the superheating temperature of the individual warm and cold air circulator to a relatively high value when the operation capacity is small; and controlling the amount of the refrigerant supplied to the individual warm and cold air circulator according to the superheating temperature, thereby appropriately maintaining the amount of the refrigerant supplied to the individual warm and cold air circulator provided in a designated place and thus forming the optimized refrigerant cycle.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method for controlling cooling time of a microwave oven that is capable of controlling an initial cooling time, which is given to secure stable operational characteristics of a sensor, when sensor-based automatic cooking is performed, thereby reducing total cooking time. The cooling time control method includes determining whether sensor-based automatic cooking is performed, when the sensor-based automatic cooking is performed, operating a cooling fan to perform cooling operation such that a sensor is cooled, sensing an output value of the sensor, when the cooling operation is performed, to calculate a change of the sensor output value, and comparing the calculated change of the sensor output value with a predetermined reference value, and, when the change of the sensor output value exceeds the predetermined reference value, controlling cooling time based on the change of the sensor output value.
Abstract:
Provided is a fiber ring laser capable of obtaining a back-up laser light and standard light having a wavelength continuously tuned in a single mode with equal spacing of 12.5 GHz, 25 GHz, 50 GHz or 100 GHz recommended by ITU-T Recommendation G. 692 & G. 694.1 in a C-band and an L-band using a fiber tunable etalon filter, an air gap etalon filter and a saturable absorber in an optical fiber laser resonator having a serial ring shape using a C-band optical amplifier and an L-band optical amplifier. The fiber ring laser can generate laser light having a wavelength tuned by more than 70 nm, excellent output power flatness and a source spontaneous emission ratio of more than 70 dB in 361 channels with equal spacing of 25 GHz by applying a bias voltage to a voltage-operated piezoelectric element of a tunable etalon filter. A single longitudinal mode operation of the fiber ring laser can be obtained by using a saturable absorber serving as a narrow-bandwidth filter.
Abstract:
A method of preventing rapid on/off of a compressor in a unitary air conditioner comprises the steps of, when a unitary-capacity operation signal is inputted from a thermostat to start an outdoor unit, and a specific operation stage is continued for more than a predetermined period of time after the operation is started, changing the operation stage of the outdoor unit to an operation stage higher than the specific operation stage, and operating the outdoor unit in the changed operation stage, and, when the compressor is stopped according to a signal from the thermostat within a specific period of time after the operation stage is changed to an operation stage higher than the specific operation stage, starting the operation in the specific operation stage at the next operation, and still performing the operation in the specific operation stage although the operation state is continued for more than a predetermined period of time. Consequently, the compressor is prevented from being rapidly turned on/off, and therefore, operational reliability of the compressor is improved, and the service life of the compressor is increased.
Abstract:
A unitary air conditioner comprises a 1-stage thermostat for generating an operation signal for the unitary air conditioner or a stop signal for the unitary air conditioner, a 1-stage indoor unit having an indoor fan, which is rotated according the operation signal from the 1-stage thermostat, a variable-capacity outdoor unit configured to be operated according to the 1-stage thermostat, the variable-capacity outdoor unit having a compressor and an outdoor fan, the operation stage of which is changed according to the operation state of the variable-capacity outdoor unit, and an indoor fan control device for controlling the indoor according to the operation stage of the variable-capacity outdoor unit to change the operation state of the indoor fan. The 1-stage indoor unit is operated along with another unit having different stages, and variable control is accomplished, although the 1-stage indoor unit is used, so long as the indoor fan control device is added to the unitary air conditioner. Consequently, a more efficient air conditioning system is accomplished.
Abstract:
A method for implanting a cell channel ion of semiconductor device is disclosed. In accordance with the method, the bit line contact region and the edge portion of the channel region adjacent to the bit line contact region in the cell region are subjected to a selective cell channel implant process two times using a ion implant mask and rest of the cell region is subjected to cell channel implant process only once so that a impurity concentration of the storage node contact region is maintained at a lower level for minimal leakage current in the storage node contact region.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a wireless positioning system and method that can perform a high-precision position tracking. The wireless positioning system includes a target device that is an object of wireless positioning, beacon devices and a processing unit. The beacon devices transmits wireless signals and sense reception time points of the wireless signals transmitted from the other beacon devices and the target device and received at time points after the transmission of the wireless signal. The target device receives the wireless signal transmitted from at least one of the beacon devices, and then transmits the wireless signal to the beacon devices. The processing unit obtains the position of the target device by calculating distances between the beacon devices and the target device using information about the reception time points of the wireless signals sensed by the respective beacon devices.