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    Electrochemical system and method
    82.
    发明授权
    Electrochemical system and method 失效
    电化学系统及方法

    公开(公告)号：US5882502A

    公开(公告)日：1999-03-16

    申请号：US710983

    申请日：1996-09-25

    Applicant: Rodolfo Gomez

    Inventor： Rodolfo Gomez

    IPC: C22B3/04 ,  C25C1/00 ,  C25C1/08 ,  C25C1/12 ,  C25C1/20 ,  C25C5/02 ,  C25C7/00 ,  C25C7/06 ,  C25C7/04

    CPC classification number: C22B11/04 ,  C22B3/045 ,  C25C1/00 ,  C25C1/12 ,  C25C1/20 ,  C25C5/02 ,  C25C7/00 ,  C25C7/002 ,  C25C7/06 ,  Y02P10/234

    Abstract: An electrochemical apparatus and system for extracting and recovering metals from their compounds using electrochemical cells where the anolyte 10 is connected electrically to the catholyte 11 through an independent set of electrodes 13, 14 immersed in each electrolyte and connected to each other by a conductor 16. The specification details the application of this principle to commercial size cells and systems to extract metals from solutions, from ores in-situ, from ores in heaps and fixed beds, from fine metal concentrates dissolved either at the anode cell or in a separate leaching vessel. Alkaline electrolytes are also given for the extraction and recovery of nickel and copper from their oxide ores. A method for extracting gold from ores or residues is also included.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于使用电化学电池从其化合物中提取和回收金属的电化学装置和系统，其中阳极电解液10通过浸在每个电解质中并通过导体16彼此连接的独立的一组电极13,14电连接到阴极电解液11。 该规范详细说明了该原理应用于商业尺寸的电池和系统，从溶液，原位矿石，堆和固定床中的矿石中提取金属，从在阳极电池中溶解的细金属浓缩物或单独的浸出容器 。 还提供碱性电解质用于从其氧化物矿石中提取和回收镍和铜。 还包括从矿石或残渣中提取黄金的方法。

    Cell and method for the recovery of metals from dilute solutions
    83.
    发明授权
    Cell and method for the recovery of metals from dilute solutions 失效
    从稀溶液中回收金属的电池和方法

    公开(公告)号：US5690806A

    公开(公告)日：1997-11-25

    申请号：US602778

    申请日：1996-03-07

    Applicant: John Garry Sunderland ,  Ian McCrady Dalrymple

    Inventor： John Garry Sunderland ,  Ian McCrady Dalrymple

    IPC: C25C1/00 ,  C25C7/00 ,  C25C1/08 ,  C25C1/12 ,  C25C1/20 ,  C25C7/04

    CPC classification number: C25C7/00 ,  C25C1/00

    Abstract: An electrochemical cell is provided for removal of metals such as copper, lead, silver, tellurium, platinum, palladium or nickel from dilute solutions of the metal. The cell comprises a porous tubular support (18) which is provided with a cathode comprising a porous carbon fiber material (19), a current feeder (15) for the cathode, a tubular anode (12) spaced from said cathode, a current feeder (16) for the anode, the anode and the cathode being enclosed by a non-porous outer casing (11). In use the dilute solution from which the metal is to be removed is introduced into the cell through an inlet (13) and flows through the porous carbon fiber cathode to an outlet (14). The cell is useful for removing harmful metals from wastes so that they are environmentally acceptable for disposal and for recovery of valuable metals.

    Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / GB94 / 01929 Sec。 371日期：1996年3月7日 102（e）1996年3月7日PCT 1994年9月6日PCT PCT。 公开号WO95 / 07375 日期1995年3月16日提供了一种电化学电池，用于从金属稀溶液中除去铜，铅，银，碲，铂，钯或镍等金属。 该电池包括多孔管状支撑件（18），该多孔管状支撑件（18）设置有包括多孔碳纤维材料（19）的阴极，用于阴极的电流给料器（15），与所述阴极间隔开的管状阳极（12） （16），阳极和阴极被无孔外壳（11）包围。 在使用中，通过入口（13）将待除去金属的稀溶液引入电池中，并通过多孔碳纤维阴极流到出口（14）。 该细胞可用于从废物中去除有害金属，使其在环境可接受处理和回收有价值的金属。

    Electrodeposition coating system
    84.
    发明授权
    Electrodeposition coating system 失效
    电沉积涂层系统

    公开(公告)号：US5273637A

    公开(公告)日：1993-12-28

    申请号：US970230

    申请日：1992-11-02

    Applicant: Akito Inoue

    Inventor： Akito Inoue

    IPC: B01D61/46 ,  C25D13/22 ,  C25C7/04 ,  C25D13/04

    CPC classification number: C25D13/22 ,  B01D61/46

    Abstract: An electrodeposition coating system widely used in an automatic coating process of a motor vehicle and the like. This system comprises: an article to be coated as being a first electrode, which is disposed in an electrodeposition bath; and at least two second electrodes provided in association with the article; and current is passed between the both sets of electrodes through an aqueous solution of a substance for forming a coating film contained in the bath to thereby electrodeposit the substance onto the article. The second electrodes consist of two groups of electrodes, the electrodes of a first group out of these second electrodes include electrode members constituted by corrosion-resisting members, each of these electrode members is integrally provided with a first membrane position therearound for precluding most of the flow of an ionized neutralizing agent contained in the aqueous solution, which is attracted by the electrode members, and the electrodes of a second group include electrode members which are each integrally provided with a second membrane portion therearound, for osmotically extracting the neutralizing agent.

    Abstract translation: 广泛用于机动车辆等的自动涂布处理的电沉积涂布系统。 该系统包括：待涂布的物品作为第一电极，其被布置在电沉积浴中; 以及与所述制品相关联地设置的至少两个第二电极; 并且电流通过用于形成包含在浴中的涂膜的物质的水溶液在两组电极之间通过，从而将物质电沉积到制品上。 第二电极由两组电极构成，这些第二电极中的第一组的电极包括由耐腐蚀构件构成的电极构件，这些电极构件中的每一个一体地设置有围绕其的第一膜位置，以排除大部分 由电极构件吸引的水溶液中所含的电离中和剂的流动和第二组的电极包括在其周围一体地设置有第二膜部分的电极构件，用于渗透提取中和剂。

    Production of lithium by direct electrolysis of lithium carbonate
    85.
    发明授权
    Production of lithium by direct electrolysis of lithium carbonate 失效
    通过直接电解碳酸锂生产锂

    公开(公告)号：US4988417A

    公开(公告)日：1991-01-29

    申请号：US291527

    申请日：1988-12-29

    Applicant: David H. DeYoung

    Inventor： David H. DeYoung

    IPC: C25C3/02 ,  C25C7/04

    CPC classification number: C25C3/02 ,  C25C7/04

    Abstract: A method of electrolytically producing lithium includes providing an electrolytic cell having an anode compartment and a cathode compartment. The compartments are separated by a porous electrically nonconductive membrane which will be wetted by the electrolyte and permit migration of lithium ions therethrough. Lithium carbonate is introduced into the anode compartment and produces delivery of lithium ions from the anode compartment to the cathode compartment where such ions are converted into lithium metal. The membrane is preferably a non-glass oxide membrane such as a magnesium oxide membrane. The membrane serves to resist undesired backflow of the lithium from the cathode compartment through the membrane into the anode compartment. Undesired communication between the anode and cathode is further resisted by separating the air spaces thereover. This may be accomplished by applying an inert gas purge and a positive pressure in the cathode compartment.The apparatus preferably includes an electrolytic cell with an anode compartment and a cathode compartment and an electrically nonconductive membrane which is wettable by the electrolyte and will permit migration of the lithium ion therethrough while resisting reverse passage of lithium therethrough.

    Abstract translation: 电解生产锂的方法包括提供具有阳极室和阴极室的电解池。 隔室由多孔非导电膜隔开，其将被电解质润湿并允许锂离子通过其迁移。 将碳酸锂引入阳极室，并产生从阳极室到阴极室的锂离子输送，其中这些离子转化为锂金属。 膜优选为非玻璃氧化物膜，例如氧化镁膜。 膜用于防止锂从阴极室通过膜进入阳极室的不期望的回流。 阳极和阴极之间的不期望的通信通过分离其上的空气空间进一步抵抗。 这可以通过在阴极室中施加惰性气体吹扫和正压来实现。 该装置优选地包括具有阳极室和阴极室的电解池和可被电解质润湿的不导电膜，并且允许锂离子通过其中而阻止锂从其中反向通过。

    Apparatus for simultaneous generation of alkali metal species and oxygen gas
    86.
    发明授权
    Apparatus for simultaneous generation of alkali metal species and oxygen gas 失效
    用于同时生成碱金属物质和氧气的装置

    公开(公告)号：US4804448A

    公开(公告)日：1989-02-14

    申请号：US65962

    申请日：1987-06-24

    Applicant: Anthony F. Sammells ,  Krystyna W. Semkow

    Inventor： Anthony F. Sammells ,  Krystyna W. Semkow

    IPC: C25C3/02 ,  C25C7/04 ,  C25C3/18 ,  C25C7/00

    CPC classification number: C25C3/02 ,  C25C7/04

    Abstract: A process and apparatus for electrochemically separating alkali oxides to simultaneously generate oxygen gas and liquid alkali metals in a high temperature electrolytic cell is provided. The high temperature electrolytic cell comprises a cathode in contact with an alkali ion conducting molten salt electrolyte separated from the anode by an oxygen vacancy conducting solid electrolyte. Alkali metals separated in the alkali metal reducing half cell reaction are useful as reducing agents in the direct thermochemical refining of lunar metal oxide ores to produce metallic species and alkali oxides, and the alkali oxides may then be recycled to the high temperature electrolytic cell.

    Abstract translation: 提供一种用于电化学分离碱金属氧化物同时在高温电解池中产生氧气和液态碱金属的方法和装置。 高温电解池包括与通过氧空位传导固体电解质从阳极分离的导电熔融盐电解质的碱离子接触的阴极。 在碱金属还原半电池反应中分离的碱金属可用作月桂金属氧化物矿石的直接热化学精炼中的还原剂，以产生金属物质和碱金属氧化物，然后将碱金属氧化物再循环到高温电解池中。

    Thermally stabilized reduced platinum oxide electrocatalyst
    88.
    发明授权
    Thermally stabilized reduced platinum oxide electrocatalyst 失效
    热稳定还原氧化铂电催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US4457823A

    公开(公告)日：1984-07-03

    申请号：US225940

    申请日：1981-01-19

    Applicant: Anthony B. LaConti ,  Russell M. Dempsey ,  Thomas G. Coker

    Inventor： Anthony B. LaConti ,  Russell M. Dempsey ,  Thomas G. Coker

    IPC: C25B1/26 ,  C25B1/46 ,  C25B9/10 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B13/00 ,  C25C7/04

    CPC classification number: C25B11/0489 ,  C25B1/26 ,  C25B1/46 ,  C25B9/10

    Abstract: A novel, electrocatalytic material comprising at least one reduced platinum group metal oxide is subsequently heated in the presence of oxygen at a temperature high enough to stabilize the catalyst in acidic and halogen environments. The catalyst optionally contains other thermally stabilized, reduced platinum group metal oxides, electroconductive extenders of the group consisting of graphite and oxides of transition or valve metals. A novel electrode structure includes the catalyst and a polymeric binder. A novel method of preparing the electrocatalytic material is described as well as a unitary electrolyte electrode structure which has a bonded electrode containing the novel electrocatalytic material, bonded to at least one side of a membrane-electrolyte.

    Abstract translation: 随后在氧的存在下，在足够高的温度下将包含至少一种还原的铂族金属氧化物的新颖的电催化材料加热至在酸性和卤素环境中稳定催化剂。 催化剂任选地含有其它热稳定的还原铂族金属氧化物，由石墨和过渡氧化物或阀金属组成的组的导电性增量剂。 新型电极结构包括催化剂和聚合物粘合剂。 对电催化材料的制备方法和电解质电极结构进行了说明，该单体电解质电极结构具有与电解质的至少一面结合的新型电催化材料的接合电极。

    Electrochemical processes utilizing a layered membrane
    89.
    发明授权
    Electrochemical processes utilizing a layered membrane 失效
    利用层状膜的电化学工艺

    公开(公告)号：US4326935A

    公开(公告)日：1982-04-27

    申请号：US110997

    申请日：1980-01-10

    Applicant: Karl Moeglich

    Inventor： Karl Moeglich

    IPC: B01D57/02 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C25B1/22 ,  C25B13/02 ,  C25C7/04

    CPC classification number: B01D69/04 ,  B01D61/50 ,  B01D61/52 ,  C25B13/02 ,  C25C7/04 ,  C02F1/4606 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C02F2201/46115

    Abstract: The invention relates to a membrane assembly and processes for the utilization of the membrane assembly, or membrane assemblies having like properties. The membrane assembly comprises intermixed layers of capillary material and high dielectric constant impermeable material, forming capillary channels parallel to the direction of ion transport through the membrane. The membrane is anion permeable, does not have membrane potential and will not foul even over extended operation, allows cross-flow of anions and cations, and is highly efficient. It is possible to remove complex metals from any contaminated acid by electrodialysis, such as removing vanadium and uranium in recoverable form from contaminated phosphoric acid, while producing food grade phosphoric acid in the process. Additionally, simple metals may be removed from mine waste liquids (from leaching), chlorine can be produced from a chloride containing salt, and chromium can be removed from chromium contaminated water by electrolysis. Milling sludge can be treated to form water, caustic, and acid, and mineralized water can be treated to form de-mineralized water, by subjecting the feed liquids to electrodialysis.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及膜组件和利用膜组件的方法，或具有相似性质的膜组件。 膜组件包括毛细管材料和高介电常数不渗透材料的混合层，形成平行于通过膜的离子传输方向的毛细管通道。 膜是阴离子可渗透的，不具有膜电位，即使在延长的操作中也不会弄脏，允许阴离子和阳离子的交叉流动，并且是高效的。 可以通过电渗析从任何污染的酸中除去复杂的金属，例如从污染的磷酸中除去可回收的钒和铀，同时在该过程中生产食品级磷酸。 另外，简单的金属可以从矿石废液中除去（浸出），可以由含氯化物的盐生成氯，并且可以通过电解从铬污染的水中除去铬。 研磨泥浆可以处理形成水，苛性碱和酸，并且可以通过对进料液进行电渗析来处理矿化水以形成去矿化水。

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