公开(公告)号：US09005785B2

公开(公告)日：2015-04-14

申请号：US11860121

申请日：2007-09-24

申请人： Abdullah B. Alp ,  Akbar Chowdhury ,  Kristian M. Whitehouse ,  Matthew K. Hortop ,  Matthew C. Kirklin

发明人： Abdullah B. Alp ,  Akbar Chowdhury ,  Kristian M. Whitehouse ,  Matthew K. Hortop ,  Matthew C. Kirklin

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M16/00

CPC分类号： H01M8/04746 ,  H01M8/04089 ,  H01M8/04104 ,  H01M8/04111 ,  H01M8/04225 ,  H01M8/04231 ,  H01M8/04395 ,  H01M8/04544 ,  H01M8/04567 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/04805 ,  H01M8/04888 ,  H01M8/04992 ,  H01M16/006 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  H01M2250/402 ,  Y02B90/12 ,  Y02E60/50 ,  Y02T90/32

摘要： A fuel cell system is provided that includes a fuel cell stack and an air compressor in communication with a cathode inlet, a hydrogen source in communication with an anode inlet, and a start-up battery adapted to power the air compressor. The start-up battery is at least one of a low-voltage battery and a high-voltage battery. A power conversion module is in electrical communication with the start-up battery and the air compressor. The power conversion module is adapted to boost a voltage of the start-up battery as desired and power the air compressor at start-up. A controller is in communication with the power conversion module and is adapted to set an air compressor speed based on an available electrical energy. An open-loop method of operating the fuel cell system at start-up is also provided, wherein an anode purge is scheduled based on the available electrical energy from the battery.

摘要翻译： 提供一种燃料电池系统，其包括与阴极入口连通的燃料电池堆和空气压缩机，与阳极入口连通的氢源和适于为空气压缩机供电的启动电池。 启动电池至少是低压电池和高压电池中的一种。 电源转换模块与起动电池和空气压缩机电连通。 电力转换模块适于根据需要升高启动电池的电压，并在启动时为空气压缩机供电。 控制器与电力转换模块通信，并且适于基于可用的电能来设定空气压缩机速度。 还提供了在启动时操作燃料电池系统的开环方法，其中基于来自电池的可用电能调度阳极吹扫。

公开(公告)号：US08206859B2

公开(公告)日：2012-06-26

申请号：US12336114

申请日：2008-12-16

申请人： Akbar Chowdhury

发明人： Akbar Chowdhury

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04776 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04225 ,  H01M8/04302 ,  H01M2008/1095

摘要： A fuel cell system that controls the speed of the compressor providing cathode air to a fuel cell stack just after a system start-up procedure has ended so as to reduce the chance that the compressor current draw will cause a stack quick stop. The method includes recognizing a command for high compressor speed just after the system start-up procedure ends, where the stack is in the run state, and instead of providing a step change in the compressor command, ramping up the compressor speed so that the current draw from the compressor does not spike.

摘要翻译： 一种燃料电池系统，其在系统启动过程结束之后控制向燃料电池堆提供阴极空气的压缩机的速度，以便减少压缩机电流汲取将导致堆快速停止的可能性。 该方法包括在系统启动过程结束之后识别出高压缩机速度的命令，其中堆栈处于运行状态，而不是在压缩机命令中提供阶梯变化，从而使压缩机速度升高 从压缩机中抽出不会尖峰。

公开(公告)号：US08088523B2

公开(公告)日：2012-01-03

申请号：US12134456

申请日：2008-06-06

申请人： Akbar Chowdhury ,  Seth E. Lerner

发明人： Akbar Chowdhury ,  Seth E. Lerner

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/24

CPC分类号： H01M8/04037 ,  H01M8/04089 ,  H01M8/04119 ,  H01M8/04268 ,  H01M8/04649 ,  H01M8/04731 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/04828 ,  H01M8/0491 ,  H01M8/0494 ,  H01M8/04955 ,  H01M8/249 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  Y02T90/32

摘要： A system and method for improving fuel cell system start-up reliability. The method includes determining if the resistance of the membranes in a fuel cell stack is too high, where the reliability of system start-up will be reduced, and if so, providing one or more remedial actions to help ensure that the start-up is more reliable. In one embodiment, the system and method determine that the fuel cell membranes are to dry based on whether a high frequency measurement of the fuel cell stack exceeds a predetermined HFR threshold. If the HFR threshold has been exceeded, a special start-up procedure is used that increases the reliability that the start-up will be successful using the remedial actions, such as reducing cathode airflow and turning on stack end cell heaters.

摘要翻译： 一种提高燃料电池系统启动可靠性的系统和方法。 该方法包括确定燃料电池堆中的膜的电阻是否太高，其中系统启动的可靠性将被降低，如果是，则提供一个或多个补救措施以帮助确保启动是 更可靠。 在一个实施例中，系统和方法基于燃料电池堆的高频测量是否超过预定的HFR阈值来确定燃料电池膜要干燥。 如果已经超过了HFR阈值，则使用特殊的启动程序，通过补救措施来提高启动成功的可靠性，例如减少阴极气流和打开堆叠终端电池加热器。

公开(公告)号：US20110086284A1

公开(公告)日：2011-04-14

申请号：US12704230

申请日：2010-02-11

申请人： Akbar Chowdhury ,  Seth E. Lerner ,  Steven G. Goebel

发明人： Akbar Chowdhury ,  Seth E. Lerner ,  Steven G. Goebel

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04447 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  H01M8/04559 ,  H01M8/04582 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/0488

摘要： Methods and systems of reducing the start-up time for a fuel cell are described. One method of reducing the start-up time includes: concurrently supporting load requests for the fuel cell and stabilizing the voltage of the fuel cell; wherein stabilizing the voltage of the fuel cell comprises: providing a flow of hydrogen to the fuel cell and opening an anode valve, wherein the hydrogen flow continues for predetermined volume or a predetermined time; and ending voltage stabilization after the predetermined volume or predetermined time is exceeded while continuing to support load requests for the fuel cell.

摘要翻译： 描述了减少燃料电池启动时间的方法和系统。 降低启动时间的一种方法包括：同时支持对燃料电池的负载请求并稳定燃料电池的电压; 其中稳定所述燃料电池的电压包括：向所述燃料电池提供氢气流并打开阳极阀，其中所述氢气流继续预定的体积或预定的时间; 并且在超过预定体积或预定时间之后结束电压稳定，同时继续支持对燃料电池的负载请求。

公开(公告)号：US06959249B2

公开(公告)日：2005-10-25

申请号：US10725680

申请日：2003-12-02

申请人： Bruce Jeffrey Clingerman ,  Kiran Mallavarapu ,  Akbar Chowdhury

发明人： Bruce Jeffrey Clingerman ,  Kiran Mallavarapu ,  Akbar Chowdhury

IPC分类号： H01M8/10 ,  G06F19/00 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M16/00

CPC分类号： H01M16/006 ,  H01M8/04567 ,  H01M8/04589 ,  H01M8/04604 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/04917 ,  H01M8/04992

摘要： A fuel cell generation system employing a load following algorithm that provides the desired output power from the fuel cell on demand. The system includes a draw current sensor that measures the current drawn from the fuel cell used to satisfy the system load demands. The load following algorithm uses the measured draw current to identify the proper amount of fuel and air to meet the load demands, and then provides a buffer of extra fuel and air to the fuel cell so if the load demand suddenly increases, the fuel cell is able to immediately produce the extra output power. As the current drawn from the fuel cell changes in response to changing load demands, the load following algorithm causes the amount of fuel and air being applied to the fuel cell stack to increase and decrease so that the buffer of extra fuel and air is maintained substantially constant.

摘要翻译： 一种采用负载追踪算法的燃料电池生成系统，其根据需要从燃料电池提供期望的输出功率。 该系统包括一个牵引电流传感器，它测量从用于满足系统负载要求的燃料电池中抽出的电流。 负载跟踪算法使用测量的牵引电流来识别适当的燃料和空气量以满足负载需求，然后向燃料电池提供额外的燃料和空气的缓冲器，因此如果负载需求突然增加，燃料电池是 能够立即产生额外的输出功率。 随着从燃料电池抽取的电流响应于负载需求的变化而变化，负载跟随算法导致燃料和空气被施加到燃料电池堆的量增加和减少，使得额外的燃料和空气的缓冲器基本保持 不变。

公开(公告)号：US08951684B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-10

申请号：US12703309

申请日：2010-02-10

申请人： Seth E. Lerner ,  Akbar Chowdhury ,  Steven G. Goebel

发明人： Seth E. Lerner ,  Akbar Chowdhury ,  Steven G. Goebel

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04388 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  Y02E60/50

摘要： A detection method for enabling gas composition observation during fuel cell system start-up is described. In one embodiment, the method includes initiating a flow of hydrogen to the anode to pressurize the anode; opening an anode flow valve; determining if an anode pressure exceeds an anode pressure threshold; enabling anode flow set point detection after a first predetermined time if the anode pressure exceeds the anode pressure threshold; monitoring an anode flow set point using the anode flow set point detection; determining if the anode flow set point exceeds an anode flow set point threshold; and closing the anode flow valve after a second predetermined time if the anode flow set point exceeds the anode flow set point threshold.

摘要翻译： 描述了在燃料电池系统启动期间能够进行气体成分观察的检测方法。 在一个实施方案中，该方法包括引发氢气流向阳极以对阳极加压; 打开阳极流量阀; 确定阳极压力是否超过阳极压力阈值; 如果阳极压力超过阳极压力阈值，则在第一预定时间之后实现阳极流量设定点检测; 使用阳极流量设定点检测来监测阳极流量设定点; 确定阳极流量设定点是否超过阳极流量设定点阈值; 并且如果阳极流量设定点超过阳极流量设定点阈值，则在第二预定时间之后关闭阳极流量阀。

公开(公告)号：US08945785B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-03

申请号：US13345288

申请日：2012-01-06

申请人： Daniel I. Harris ,  Derek R. Lebzelter ,  John P. Salvador ,  William H. Pettit ,  Akbar Chowdhury ,  Edward G. Himes

发明人： Daniel I. Harris ,  Derek R. Lebzelter ,  John P. Salvador ,  William H. Pettit ,  Akbar Chowdhury ,  Edward G. Himes

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04955 ,  H01M8/04559

摘要： A system and method for reducing the frequency of stack stand-by mode events, if necessary, as a fuel cell stack ages and experiences lower performance. The method determines an irreversible voltage loss of the fuel cell stack at predetermined time intervals and determines a stack voltage degradation variable based on the irreversible voltage loss. The method also determines if the stack voltage degradation variable indicates that the fuel cell stack will not meet predetermined stack end-of-life voltage requirements and calculates a maximum allowed voltage degradation rate of the fuel cell stack. The method calculates a maximum number of stand-by mode events per unit time that can be allowed to prevent the stack from exceeding the maximum allowed degradation rate and controls the number of stand-by mode events based on the calculated maximum number of stand-by mode events.

摘要翻译： 如果需要，当燃料电池堆老化并且经历较低的性能时，用于降低堆叠待机模式事件的频率的系统和方法。 该方法以预定的时间间隔确定燃料电池堆的不可逆电压损失，并且基于不可逆的电压损耗确定堆电压劣化变量。 该方法还确定堆叠电压劣化变量是否表明燃料电池堆不能满足预定的堆积寿命电压要求并且计算燃料电池堆的最大允许电压降低率。 该方法计算出每单位时间的待机模式事件的最大次数，可以被允许以防止堆栈超过允许的最大降级率，并根据计算的最大待机数量控制待机模式事件的数量 模式事件。

公开(公告)号：US08273491B2

公开(公告)日：2012-09-25

申请号：US12704230

申请日：2010-02-11

申请人： Akbar Chowdhury ,  Seth E. Lerner ,  Steven G. Goebel

发明人： Akbar Chowdhury ,  Seth E. Lerner ,  Steven G. Goebel

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04447 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  H01M8/04559 ,  H01M8/04582 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/0488

摘要： Methods and systems of reducing the start-up time for a fuel cell are described. One method of reducing the start-up time includes: concurrently supporting load requests for the fuel cell and stabilizing the voltage of the fuel cell; wherein stabilizing the voltage of the fuel cell comprises: providing a flow of hydrogen to the fuel cell and opening an anode valve, wherein the hydrogen flow continues for predetermined volume or a predetermined time; and ending voltage stabilization after the predetermined volume or predetermined time is exceeded while continuing to support load requests for the fuel cell.

摘要翻译： 描述了减少燃料电池启动时间的方法和系统。 降低启动时间的一种方法包括：同时支持对燃料电池的负载请求并稳定燃料电池的电压; 其中稳定所述燃料电池的电压包括：向所述燃料电池提供氢气流并打开阳极阀，其中所述氢气流继续预定的体积或预定的时间; 并且在超过预定体积或预定时间之后结束电压稳定，同时继续支持对燃料电池的负载请求。

公开(公告)号：US20100151287A1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-17

申请号：US12336144

申请日：2008-12-16

申请人： Akbar Chowdhury

发明人： Akbar Chowdhury

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M2/12

CPC分类号： H01M8/04231 ,  H01M8/04462 ,  H01M8/04761 ,  H01M2008/1095

摘要： A system for providing an adaptive anode bleed strategy for bleeding nitrogen from the anode side of a fuel cell stack. The system includes a hydrogen concentration sensor provided in an exhaust line from the fuel cell stack that provides a hydrogen concentration reading of the hydrogen being emitted from the stack during the bleed. A controller analyzes the hydrogen concentration reading during the bleed and determines when a plateau in the hydrogen concentration begins to spike upward, indicating that more hydrogen is being emitted and less nitrogen is being emitted. By looking at multiple hydrogen concentration plateaus over multiple bleeds, the controller can calculate an efficient bleed duration for the bleed event for different current densities of the fuel cell stack, where the bleed can be stopped just after the hydrogen concentration spike occurs. Thus, the duration of the bleed is adapted over the life of the stack.

摘要翻译： 一种用于提供用于从燃料电池堆的阳极侧排出氮的自适应阳极排放策略的系统。 该系统包括设置在来自燃料电池堆的排气管线中的氢浓度传感器，其在出血期间提供从堆叠发射的氢的氢浓度读数。 控制器分析出血期间的氢浓度读数，并确定氢气浓度何时开始向上突出，表明更多的氢气正在被排出，而氮气的排放量较少。 通过观察多个出血处的多个氢浓度平台，控制器可以计算燃料电池堆的不同电流密度的泄漏事件的有效渗流持续时间，其中在氢浓度峰值发生之后可以停止渗流。 因此，渗透的持续时间适应堆叠的寿命。

公开(公告)号：US20090305088A1

公开(公告)日：2009-12-10

申请号：US12134445

申请日：2008-06-06

申请人： Akbar Chowdhury

发明人： Akbar Chowdhury

IPC分类号： H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04492 ,  H01M8/04141 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04225 ,  H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/04828

摘要： A system and method for improving fuel cell system start-up reliability. The method includes determining if the resistance of the membranes in a fuel cell stack is too high, where the reliability of system start-up will be reduced, and if so, providing one or more remedial actions to help ensure that the start-up is more reliable. In one embodiment, the system and method determine that the fuel cell membranes are too dry based on the time that has gone by since the last shut-down. If the time threshold has been exceeded, a special start-up procedure is used that increases the reliability that the start-up will be successful using the remedial actions, such as reducing cathode airflow and turning on stack end cell heaters.

摘要翻译： 一种提高燃料电池系统启动可靠性的系统和方法。 该方法包括确定燃料电池堆中的膜的电阻是否太高，其中系统启动的可靠性将被降低，如果是，则提供一个或多个补救措施以帮助确保启动是 更可靠。 在一个实施例中，系统和方法确定燃料电池膜基于自上次关闭以来已经经历的时间太干燥。 如果超过了时间阈值，则使用特殊的启动步骤，通过补救措施（如减少阴极气流和打开堆叠端电池加热器）来提高启动成功的可靠性。