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公开(公告)号：US4441783A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-10
申请号：US421915
申请日：1982-09-23
摘要： Optical elements for vessel navigation lights, providing improved and inexpensive means for achieving uniform, luminous intensity over a sharply bounded horizontal arc of visibility, and also for achieving a desired vertical arc of visibility, comprise means for projecting light from a diffuse source or an array or mosaic of point sources into a field the horizontal and vertical arcs of which can be precisely defined. The disclosure encompasses two geometric configurations for projecting light, symmetrical and asymmetrical, compound parabolic concentrators, each of which may be constructed as either a reflective cavity or a refractive dielectric, thereby to provide four basic designs for achieving uniform illumination over various horizontal arcs of visibility. In addition, the disclosure encompasses three modes of diffuse light projection to achieve uniform illumination over various vertical arcs of visibility. Due to the precision of the results obtained, the optical elements provide navigation lights fully in compliance with the rigid specifications for arcs of visibility set forth in the Final Act of the International Conference on Revision of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (72 COLREGS) and the International Rules of Navigation Act of 1977, 33 U.S.C. 1601, and do so with particular economy.
摘要翻译： 用于船舶导航灯的光学元件提供用于在明显有界的水平视野范围内实现均匀的发光强度以及用于实现期望的垂直视野的改进和便宜的装置，包括用于投射来自扩散源或阵列的光的装置 或将点源的马赛克拼接到一个可以精确定义的水平和垂直弧的场中。 本发明包括用于投射光，对称和不对称的复合抛物面聚光器的两个几何构型，其中的每一个都可被构造为反射腔或折射电介质，由此提供四种基本设计，以在各种水平的可见度弧上实现均匀照明 。 此外，本公开涵盖漫射光投射的三种模式，以实现各种垂直可见度弧的均匀照明。 由于所获得的结果的精确度，光学元件完全符合“国际防止海上碰撞规则”1972年“最后文件”最后文件规定的刚性规范的导航灯（ 72 COLREGS）和1977年“国际导航规则”，33 USC 1601，特别是经济。
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公开(公告)号：US4246042A
公开(公告)日：1981-01-20
申请号：US121291
申请日：1980-02-13
IPC分类号： H01L31/052 , H01L31/054 , H01L31/00
CPC分类号： H01L31/0543 , H01L31/0547 , Y02E10/52
摘要： An apparatus for the concentration of solar energy upon a fixed array of solar cells. A transparent material is overlayed upon the cell array, and a diffuse reflective coating is applied to the surface area of the transparent medium in between cells. Radiant light, which reflects through the transparent layer and does not fall directly incident to a cell surface is reflected by the coating layer in an approximate cosine pattern. Thereafter, such light undergoes internal reflection and rediffusion until subsequently it either strikes a solar cell surface or is lost through the upper surface of the transparent material.
摘要翻译： 一种将太阳能集中在太阳能电池固定阵列上的装置。 将透明材料覆盖在电池阵列上，并将漫反射涂层施加到细胞之间的透明介质的表面区域。 通过透明层反射并且不直接入射到电池表面的辐射光以近似余弦图案被涂层反射。 此后，这样的光经历内反射和再扩散，直到其打到太阳能电池表面或者通过透明材料的上表面而损失。
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公开(公告)号：US4367519A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-04
申请号：US149962
申请日：1980-05-15
CPC分类号： B63B45/00 , F21V5/00 , F21V7/00 , F21V7/0091
摘要： Optical elements for vessel navigation lights, providing improved and inexpensive means for achieving uniform, luminous intensity over a sharply bounded horizontal arc of visibility, and also for achieving a desired vertical arc of visibility, comprise means for projecting light from a diffuse source or an array or mosaic of point sources into a field the horizontal and vertical arcs of which can be precisely defined. The disclosure encompasses two geometric configurations for projecting light, symmetrical and asymmetrical, compound parabolic concentrators, each of which may be constructed as either a reflective cavity or a refractive dielectric, thereby to provide four basic designs for achieving uniform illumination over various horizontal arcs of visibility. In addition, the disclosure encompasses three modes of diffuse light projection to achieve uniform illumination over various vertical arcs of visibility. Due to the precision of the results obtained, the optical elements provide navigation lights fully in compliance with the rigid specifications for arcs of visibility set forth in the Final Act of the International Conference on Revision of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (72 COLREGS) and the International Rules of Navigation Act of 1977, 33 U.S.C. 1601, and do so with particular economy.
摘要翻译： 用于船舶导航灯的光学元件提供用于在明显有界的水平视野范围内实现均匀的发光强度以及用于实现期望的垂直视野的改进和便宜的装置，包括用于投射来自扩散源或阵列的光的装置 或将点源的马赛克拼接到一个可以精确定义的水平和垂直弧的场中。 本发明包括用于投射光，对称和不对称的复合抛物面聚光器的两个几何构型，其中的每一个都可被构造为反射腔或折射电介质，由此提供四种基本设计，以在各种水平的可见度弧上实现均匀照明 。 此外，本公开涵盖漫射光投射的三种模式，以实现各种垂直可见度弧的均匀照明。 由于所获得的结果的精确度，光学元件完全符合“国际防止海上碰撞规则”1972年“最后文件”最后文件规定的刚性规范的导航灯（ 72 COLREGS）和1977年“国际导航规则”，33 USC 1601，特别是经济。
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