公开(公告)号：US5553504A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-10

申请号：US545167

申请日：1995-10-19

申请人： Donald R. Lyons ,  Stanley M. Reich ,  Peter Shyprykevich

发明人： Donald R. Lyons ,  Stanley M. Reich ,  Peter Shyprykevich

IPC分类号： G01M99/00 ,  B64C1/00 ,  B64F5/00 ,  G01B5/30 ,  G01B11/16 ,  G01M5/00 ,  G01N19/08

CPC分类号： G01M5/0033 ,  B64F5/0045 ,  G01B11/18 ,  G01B5/30 ,  G01M5/0083 ,  G01M5/0091

摘要： An apparatus for preventing, detecting, and predicting the formation and propagation of cracks in structural members. The apparatus includes a plurality of strain sensors integrally formed with a patch to be fixed to an area on the surface of a structural member. The patch operates to reduce stress levels in the patch-covered area for deterring the formation or propagation of a crack therein. The sensors monitor changes in the strain field in the patch-covered area for detecting crack formation and detection. The apparatus may also include a temperature-compensating strain sensor and a temperature sensor both integrally formed with the patch for detecting and predicting crack formation and propagation, respectively.

摘要翻译： 一种用于预防，检测和预测结构构件中裂缝的形成和传播的装置。 该装置包括多个应变传感器，其一体地形成有待固定到结构构件表面上的区域的贴片。 该贴片用于减少贴片覆盖区域中的应力水平，以阻止其中的裂缝的形成或传播。 传感器监测补片覆盖区域中应变场的变化，以检测裂纹形成和检测。 该装置还可以包括温度补偿应变传感器和温度传感器，两者都与该贴片一体地形成，用于分别检测和预测裂纹形成和传播。

公开(公告)号：US5552882A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-03

申请号：US413979

申请日：1995-03-28

申请人： Donald R. Lyons ,  Zolili U. Ndlela

发明人： Donald R. Lyons ,  Zolili U. Ndlela

IPC分类号： G01B9/021 ,  G01N21/84 ,  G02B6/34

CPC分类号： G02B6/02133 ,  G02B6/02123 ,  G02B6/02152

摘要： A Bragg reflection filter wavemeter is used to measure transverse holographic gratings and optical fibers and utilizes a first interferometer which is always fixed with respect to the optical fiber and a second adjustable interferometer. The optical fiber and first interferometer are mounted on a translating support while the second interferometer includes a pair of angularly adjustable mirrors for changing the angle at which the object and reference beams thereof intersect the fiber. Since the fiber is mounted on a movable support, the position of the support can be continually adjustable so that the reference and object beams always intersect the fiber at the same point, regardless of the angle assumed by the reflecting mirrors. The resulting interference patterns are projected by an objective lens to the far field in which a linear scanning, photodiode array is moved. The photodiode array includes a first photodiode which is sensitive only to the interference patterns from the first laser beam and a second photodiode sensitive to the interference patterns from the second laser beam. The photodiodes are connected to a counter which provides ratios of interference line counts which are then multiplied by wavelength to provide precise modulation spacings so as to establish wavelength standards.

摘要翻译： 布拉格反射滤波器波长计用于测量横向全息光栅和光纤，并且利用相对于光纤总是固定的第一干涉仪和第二可调干涉仪。 光纤和第一干涉仪安装在平移支架上，而第二干涉仪包括一对角度可调的镜子，用于改变物体和参考光束与光纤相交的角度。 由于光纤被安装在可移动的支撑件上，所以支撑件的位置可以连续地调整，使得参考物体和物体光束总是在同一点与光纤相交，而与反射镜所假设的角度无关。 所产生的干涉图案由物镜投射到其中移动线性扫描光电二极管阵列的远场。 光电二极管阵列包括仅对来自第一激光束的干涉图案敏感的第一光电二极管和对来自第二激光束的干涉图案敏感的第二光电二极管。 光电二极管连接到计数器，该计数器提供干涉线计数的比率，然后将其与波长相乘以提供精确的调制间隔，以便建立波长标准。

公开(公告)号：US4799949A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-24

申请号：US765652

申请日：1985-08-15

申请人： Donald B. Keck ,  Donald R. Lyons ,  Daniel A. Nolan

发明人： Donald B. Keck ,  Donald R. Lyons ,  Daniel A. Nolan

IPC分类号： G02B6/00 ,  C03B23/047 ,  C03B37/012 ,  C03B37/014 ,  C03B37/025 ,  C03B37/028 ,  C03B37/16 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/024 ,  G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/28 ,  C03B37/027 ,  C03B37/018 ,  C03B37/02

CPC分类号： G02B6/2817 ,  C03B23/0473 ,  C03B37/01205 ,  C03B37/014 ,  C03B37/01466 ,  C03B37/028 ,  G02B6/2808 ,  G02B6/2835 ,  G02B6/2843 ,  C03B2203/02 ,  C03B2203/30 ,  C03B2203/34

摘要： A low loss fiber optic coupler is fabricated by forming a coupler preform having a plurality of spaced glass cores extending longitudinally through a matrix of glass having a refractive index lower than that of the cores. The preform is heated and stretched to form a glass rod which is then severed into a plurality of units. Heat is applied to the central region of each unit while the ends of the unit are pulled apart to elongate and taper inwardly the heated central region, whereby the cores of the unit are more closely spaced and are of smaller diameter at the central region than they are at the ends of the unit. The unit is then provided with a plurality of optical fibers, one of which extends from each of the cores at the endfaces of the unit. A preferred method of providing the optical fibers involves forming the coupler preform of a matrix glass that is easily dissolved in a solvent. Each of the fiber cores within the matrix is surrounded by a layer of cladding glass that is relatively resistant to dissolving by the solvent. When an end of the unit is immersed in the solvent, the matrix glass dissolves, thereby leaving the unit cores and surrounding solvent-resistant cladding glass protruding from the newly formed endface of the unit.

摘要翻译： 通过形成具有多个间隔开的玻璃核心的耦合器预制件来制造低损耗光纤耦合器，该玻璃核心纵向延伸穿过折射率低于芯子的折射率的玻璃矩阵。 将预成型件加热并拉伸以形成玻璃棒，然后将其切断成多个单元。 热量被施加到每个单元的中心区域，同时单元的端部被拉开以在加热的中心区域内向内伸长和渐缩，由此该单元的芯更紧密地间隔并且在中心区域具有比它们更小的直径 在单位的末端。 然后，该单元设置有多个光纤，其中一个光纤在单元的端面处从每个芯延伸。 提供光纤的优选方法包括形成易于溶解在溶剂中的基质玻璃的成色剂预成型体。 基体内的每个纤维芯都被一层比较耐溶解溶解的包层玻璃包围。 当单元的一端浸入溶剂中时，基体玻璃溶解，从而使单元芯和周围的耐溶剂包层玻璃从单元的新形成的端面突出。

公开(公告)号：US06915028B2

公开(公告)日：2005-07-05

申请号：US10665487

申请日：2003-09-22

申请人： Donald R. Lyons

发明人： Donald R. Lyons

IPC分类号： A61B5/026 ,  G01F1/66 ,  G01P5/26 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02B6/00

CPC分类号： G01F1/661 ,  A61B5/0261 ,  G01P5/26 ,  G02B6/02066 ,  G02B6/02195 ,  G02B6/2852

摘要： An evanescent filed based sensor uses a detector for sensing variations in properties of a fluid flowing in a boundary layer adjacent to the detector. The detector comprises an optical waveguide in the form of an optical fiber having a core layer covered by a cladding layer and having a substantially D-shaped cross section defining a planar surface with an optical grating pattern thereon. When a beam of laser light is directed through the detector as an input, variations in an output of the beam of laser light are indicative of changes in fluid pressure or density in the boundary layer or immediate region adjacent to the grating of the optical waveguide.

摘要翻译： 基于消逝场的传感器使用检测器来感测在与检测器相邻的边界层中流动的流体的性质的变化。 检测器包括光纤形式的光波导，其具有由包层覆盖的芯层，并且具有限定其上具有光栅图案的平面的大致D形横截面。 当激光束通过检测器作为输入时，激光束的输出的变化表示边界层或与光波导的光栅相邻的紧邻区域的流体压力或密度的变化。

公开(公告)号：US06650799B2

公开(公告)日：2003-11-18

申请号：US09953910

申请日：2001-09-18

申请人： Donald R. Lyons

发明人： Donald R. Lyons

IPC分类号： G02B600

CPC分类号： G01F1/661 ,  A61B5/0261 ,  G01P5/26 ,  G02B6/02066 ,  G02B6/02195 ,  G02B6/2852

摘要： An evanescent filed based sensor uses a detector for sensing variations in properties of a fluid flowing in a boundary layer adjacent to the detector. The detector comprises an optical waveguide in the form of an optical fiber having a core layer covered by a cladding layer and having a substantially D-shaped cross section defining a planar surface with an optical grating pattern thereon. When a beam of laser light is directed through the detector as an input, variations in an output of the beam of laser light are indicative of changes in fluid pressure or density in the boundary layer or immediate region adjacent to the grating of the optical waveguide.

公开(公告)号：US5191458A

公开(公告)日：1993-03-02

申请号：US713503

申请日：1991-06-12

申请人： Donald R. Lyons ,  Stanley M. Reich

发明人： Donald R. Lyons ,  Stanley M. Reich

IPC分类号： H04B10/08 ,  H04J14/02

CPC分类号： H04J14/02 ,  H04B10/071

摘要： An optical electronic multiplexing reflection sensor system for a plurality of Bragg sensors connected in series spaced relation in a plurality of single mode fiber optic cable buses. In each of the buses a unique address is provided each sensor function by wavelength selection. Each of a plurality of monochromators is coupled to a corresponding one of the buses and has a control connected to it for controlling the operation of the monochromator. A tunable laser source is coupled to each of the buses. A wavelength sweep generator is coupled to the laser source and provides outputs to the controls of the monochromators. Each of a plurality of photodetector receivers receives the output of a corresponding one of the monochromators and each has an output providing output signals indicating individual wavelengths of the Bragg sensors coupled to it. Each if a plurality of analog to digital converters is connected to the output of a corresponding one of the photodetector receivers. A backbone network connected to the analog to digital converters distributes and processes digitized data.

摘要翻译： 一种用于多个布拉格传感器的光电子多路复用反射传感器系统，其以多个单模光缆总线串联间隔连接。 在每个总线中，通过波长选择为每个传感器提供唯一的地址。 多个单色仪中的每一个耦合到相应的一个总线，并且具有与其连接的控制以控制单色仪的操作。 可调谐激光源耦合到每个总线。 波长扫描发生器耦合到激光源并向单色器的控制提供输出。 多个光电检测器接收器中的每一个接收相应的一个单色仪的输出，并且每个具有提供输出信号的输出，该输出信号指示耦合到其的布拉格传感器的各个波长。 如果多个模数转换器连接到相应的一个光检测器接收器的输出，则每一个转换器。 连接到模数转换器的骨干网分配和处理数字化数据。

公开(公告)号：US07050661B2

公开(公告)日：2006-05-23

申请号：US10472564

申请日：2002-03-27

申请人： Donald R. Lyons

发明人： Donald R. Lyons

IPC分类号： G02B6/00

CPC分类号： G02B6/022 ,  A61F2/68 ,  A61F2002/5001 ,  A61F2002/6827 ,  A61F2002/6881 ,  A61F2002/704 ,  A61F2002/705 ,  A61F2002/7645 ,  A61F2002/7665 ,  H04J14/02

摘要： A device for responding to touch discrimination comprises an array of optical fibers distributed over a supporting substrate and a UV holographic processor is connected to the fibers rendering the fibers capable of responding to touch discrimination and location identification. The substrate is an artificial limb having the array of optical fibers thereon that have a density substantially similar to that of the human body. Wavelength comparators are associated with the optical fibers, the wave length comparators providing numerous sensing locations in a single fiber strand as part of a complete fiber optic network for mechanical actuation and sensory feed back.

摘要翻译： 用于响应触摸鉴别的设备包括分布在支撑衬底上的光纤阵列，并且UV全息处理器连接到纤维，使得能够响应于触摸辨别和位置识别的光纤。 衬底是其上具有与人体基本相似的密度的其上的光纤阵列的假肢。 波长比较器与光纤相关联，波长比较器在单个纤维束中提供多个感测位置，作为用于机械致动和感觉反馈的完整光纤网络的一部分。

公开(公告)号：US06434298B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-13

申请号：US09578164

申请日：2000-05-22

申请人： Donald R. Lyons ,  James V. Lindesay

发明人： Donald R. Lyons ,  James V. Lindesay

IPC分类号： G02B634

CPC分类号： G02B6/02138 ,  G02B6/02152

摘要： Apparatus for and methods of providing Bragg reflection filters in a receptor such as an optical fiber uses a wavelength tunable phase mask made of a non-linear material into which an interference pattern is written by a pair of converging laser light beams. The interference pattern is probed with a reading beam of laser light that creates diffraction orders which are read into the receptor. By changing the wavelength and amplitude of the writing beams that create the interference region in the phase mask, the characteristics of the Bragg reflection filter written into the optical fiber can be changed. Accordingly, if the optical fiber is indexed along the wavelength tunable phase mask while the characteristics of the interference region are changed, thousands of different Bragg reflection filters can be formed in a single optical fiber.

摘要翻译： 在诸如光纤的接收器中提供布拉格反射滤光器的装置和方法使用由非线性材料制成的波长可调相位掩模，其中通过一对会聚的激光束将干涉图案写入到该非线性材料中。 干涉图案用激光的读取光束探测，产生读入受体的衍射级数。 通过改变在相位掩模中产生干涉区域的写入光束的波长和幅度，可以改变写入光纤的布拉格反射滤波器的特性。 因此，如果光纤在波长可调相位掩模上变址，同时干涉区域的特性改变，则可以在单个光纤中形成数千个不同的布拉格反射滤光片。

公开(公告)号：US4948217A

公开(公告)日：1990-08-14

申请号：US300961

申请日：1989-01-23

申请人： Donald B. Keck ,  Donald R. Lyons ,  Daniel A. Nolan

发明人： Donald B. Keck ,  Donald R. Lyons ,  Daniel A. Nolan

IPC分类号： G02B6/00 ,  C03B23/047 ,  C03B37/012 ,  C03B37/014 ,  C03B37/025 ,  C03B37/028 ,  C03B37/16 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/024 ,  G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/28

CPC分类号： G02B6/2817 ,  C03B23/0473 ,  C03B37/01205 ,  C03B37/014 ,  C03B37/01466 ,  C03B37/028 ,  G02B6/2808 ,  G02B6/2835 ,  G02B6/2843 ,  C03B2203/02 ,  C03B2203/30 ,  C03B2203/34

摘要： A low loss fiber optic coupler is fabricated by forming a coupler preform having a plurality of spaced glass cores extending longitudinally through a matrix of glass having a refractive index lower than that of the cores. The preform is heated and stretched to form a glass rod which is then severed into a plurality of units. Heat is applied to the central region of each unit while the ends of the unit are pulled apart to elongate and taper inwardly the heated central region, whereby the cores of the unit are more closely spaced and are of smaller diameter at the central region than they are at the ends of the unit. The unit is then provided with a plurality of optical fibers, one of which extends from each of the cores at the endfaces of the unit. A preferred method of providing the optical fibers involves forming the coupler preform of a matrix glass that is easily dissolved in a solvent. Each of the fiber cores within the matrix is surrounded by a layer of cladding glass that is relatively resistant to dissolving by the solvent. When an end of the unit is immersed in the solvent, the matrix glass dissolves, thereby leaving the unit cores and surrounding solvent-resistant cladding glass protruding from the newly formed endface of the unit.

摘要翻译： 通过形成具有多个间隔开的玻璃核心的耦合器预制件来制造低损耗光纤耦合器，该玻璃核心纵向延伸穿过折射率低于芯子的折射率的玻璃矩阵。 将预成型件加热并拉伸以形成玻璃棒，然后将其切断成多个单元。 热量被施加到每个单元的中心区域，同时单元的端部被拉开以在加热的中心区域内向内伸长和渐缩，由此该单元的芯更紧密地间隔并且在中心区域具有比它们更小的直径 在单位的末端。 然后，该单元设置有多个光纤，其中一个光纤在单元的端面处从每个芯延伸。 提供光纤的优选方法包括形成易于溶解在溶剂中的基质玻璃的成色剂预成型体。 基体内的每个纤维芯都被一层比较耐溶解溶解的包层玻璃包围。 当单元的一端浸入溶剂中时，基体玻璃溶解，从而使单元芯和周围的耐溶剂包层玻璃从单元的新形成的端面突出。