公开(公告)号：US4415805A

公开(公告)日：1983-11-15

申请号：US274960

申请日：1981-06-18

申请人： Walter H. Fertl ,  Donald W. Oliver

发明人： Walter H. Fertl ,  Donald W. Oliver

IPC分类号： E21B47/10 ,  G01V5/06 ,  G01V5/00

CPC分类号： E21B47/1015 ,  G01V5/06

摘要： A multiple stage formation fracturing operation is conducted with separate radioactive tracer elements injected into the well during each stage of the fracturing operation. After completion of the fracturing operation the well is logged using natural gamma ray logging. The resulting signals are sorted into individual channels or energy bands characteristic of each separate radioactive tracer element. The results of the multiple stage fracturing operation are evaluated based on dispersement of the individual tracer elements.

摘要翻译： 在压裂作业的每个阶段，将分离的放射性示踪剂元素注入到井中进行多级地层压裂作业。 压裂作业完成后，使用自然伽马射线测井记录井。 所得到的信号被分类成各个单独的放射性示踪元件的特征的通道或能带。 基于各个示踪元件的分散性来评价多级压裂作业的结果。

公开(公告)号：US4507553A

公开(公告)日：1985-03-26

申请号：US413924

申请日：1982-09-01

申请人： Donald W. Oliver ,  Walter H. Fertl

发明人： Donald W. Oliver ,  Walter H. Fertl

IPC分类号： G01V5/10 ,  G01N23/222

CPC分类号： G01V5/101

摘要： An activation well logging method and apparatus for identifying and measuring the presence of vanadium in earth formations surrounding a borehole. A well logging instrument including a source of neutrons is used to irradiate formations for a period of time sufficient to activate vanadium. The gamma radiation emanating from the irradiated formations are detected by a scintillation detector having output pulses directly proportional to the energies of the incident gamma rays. The output pulses having energies characteristic of the element vanadium are separated and counted to provide indication of any vanadium present in the irradiated formations.

摘要翻译： 一种用于识别和测量围绕钻孔的地层中钒的存在的活化测井方法和装置。 使用包含中子源的测井仪器将地层照射一段足以活化钒的时间。 通过具有与入射伽马射线的能量成正比的输出脉冲的闪烁检测器来检测从照射的地层发出的伽马辐射。 具有元素钒特征能量的输出脉冲被分离和计数，以提供辐照地层中存在的任何钒的指示。

公开(公告)号：US4136278A

公开(公告)日：1979-01-23

申请号：US815640

申请日：1977-07-14

申请人： Donald W. Oliver

发明人： Donald W. Oliver

IPC分类号： G01V5/10 ,  G01V5/00

CPC分类号： G01V5/102

摘要： A pulsed neutron generator in a well logging instrument is pulsed at a clock frequency of 20 KHz. Inelastic scatter gamma rays are detected during a first time interval coinciding with the neutron source being on and capture gamma rays are measured during a second interval subsequent to the end of each neutron burst. Only a single detected pulse, assuming detection occurs, is transmitted during each of the two detection intervals. Sync pulses are generated in the well logging instrument scaled down to a frequency of 200 Hz for transmission to the earth's surface. At the earth's surface, the scaled-down sync pulses are applied to a phase-locked loop system for regenerating the sync pulses to the same frequency as that of the clock frequency used to pulse the neutron source and to open the detection gates in the borehole instrument. The regenerated sync pulses are used in the surface instrumentation to route the pulses occurring in the inelastic interval into one section of a multichannel analyzer memory and the pulses occuring in the capture interval into another section of the multichannel analyzer. The use of memory address decoders, subtractors and ratio circuits enables both a carbon/oxygen ratio and a silicon/calcium ratio to be struck substantially free of background radiation and substantially unaffected by downscattering of high energy gamma rays.

公开(公告)号：US4825072A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-25

申请号：US911859

申请日：1986-09-26

申请人： Vernie C. McWhirter ,  Donald W. Oliver ,  David P. Hollingsworth

发明人： Vernie C. McWhirter ,  Donald W. Oliver ,  David P. Hollingsworth

IPC分类号： E21B47/10 ,  G01F1/708 ,  G01V5/10

CPC分类号： E21B47/1015 ,  G01F1/708

摘要： Method of determining the flow velocity of fluid flowing within the borehole of a well, traversing subsurface formations of the earth, with a nonradioactive tracer. A population of neutrons is generated in a stream of fluid so as to engulf a detector capable of detecting neutron capture. A substance of large thermal neutron capture cross section is injected into a stream of fluid a known distance upstream from a detector. Measurement of the elapsed time for the capturing substance to travel a known distance, and, by neutron capture, produce a minimum indication at the detector indicating the presence of said capturing substance at its location of closest proximity to the detector, allows calculation of the velocity of said stream of fluid.

摘要翻译： 确定在井的钻孔内流动的流体的流速的方法，穿过地球的地下地层，具有非放射性示踪剂。 一群中子在流体中产生，以便吞没能够检测中子俘获的检测器。 将大的热中子俘获截面的物质注入到距检测器上游已知距离的流体流中。 测量捕获物质行驶已知距离的经过时间，并通过中子捕获在检测器处产生最小指示，指示在其最接近检测器的位置存在所述捕获物质，允许计算速度 的流体流。

公开(公告)号：US4500781A

公开(公告)日：1985-02-19

申请号：US383052

申请日：1982-05-28

申请人： Richard B. Culver ,  Donald W. Oliver

发明人： Richard B. Culver ,  Donald W. Oliver

IPC分类号： G01V5/10

CPC分类号： G01V5/10

摘要： A source of high energy neutrons and a detector responsive to the thermal neutron population decay rate are utilized in a well logging instrument. The instrument is positioned within a borehole and at least a portion of the fluids within the borehole are irradiated with high energy neutrons. The thermal neutrons emanating from the irradiated fluids are detected and measured. The thermal neutron counts are converted into a time base measurement which is further converted into a measurement of the thermal neutron capture cross-section for the irradiated fluids.

摘要翻译： 在测井仪器中使用高能中子源和响应于热中子群体衰减速率的检测器。 仪器定位在钻孔内，钻孔内的至少一部分流体被高能中子照射。 检测和测量从照射的流体发出的热中子。 将热中子计数转换为时基测量值，该测量值进一步转换为被照射流体的热中子俘获截面的测量值。

公开(公告)号：US4135087A

公开(公告)日：1979-01-16

申请号：US829397

申请日：1977-08-31

申请人： Donald W. Oliver ,  Richard B. Culver

发明人： Donald W. Oliver ,  Richard B. Culver

IPC分类号： G01V5/10 ,  G01V5/00

CPC分类号： G01V5/102

摘要： A pulsed neutron generator in a well logging instrument is pulsed at a clock frequency of 20 KHz. Inelastic scatter gamma rays are detected during a first time interval coinciding with the neutron source being on and capture gamma rays are measured during a second interval subsequent to the end of each neutron burst. Only a single detected pulse, assuming detection occurs, is transmitted during each of the two detection intervals. Sync pulses are generated in the well logging instrument scaled down to a frequency of 200 Hz for transmission to the earth's surface. At the earth's surface, the scaled-down sync pulses are applied to a phase-locked loop system for regenerating the sync pulses to the same frequency as that of the clock frequency used to pulse the neutron source and to open the detection gates in the borehole instrument. The regenerated sync pulses are used in the surface instrumentation to route the pulses occurring in the inelastic interval into one section of a multichannel analyzer memory and the pulses occurring in the capture interval into another section of the multichannel analyzer. The use of memory address decoders, subtractors and ratio circuits enables both a carbon/oxygen ratio and a silicon/calcium ratio to be struck, substantially independent of the chlorine content of the borehole and formation.

公开(公告)号：US4596927A

公开(公告)日：1986-06-24

申请号：US469330

申请日：1983-02-24

申请人： Eric C. Hopkinson ,  Donald W. Oliver

发明人： Eric C. Hopkinson ,  Donald W. Oliver

IPC分类号： G01V5/04 ,  G01V5/10

CPC分类号： G01V5/101 ,  G01V5/045

摘要： In a neutron induced gamma ray well logging instrument, a neutron generator is pulsed at a preselected clock frequency. Each neutron burst produces inelastic scattering gamma rays and capture gamma rays. Inelastic scattering gamma rays are detected using a bismuth germanate scintillator during a first time interval coinciding with the neutron source being on. Capture gamma rays are detected by bismuth germanate scintillator during a second interval subsequent to the termination of each neutron burst. The detected pulses are converted into electrical pulses by a photomultiplier. The electrical pulses are coupled into processing circuitry. The use of address decoders, subtractors and ratio circuits enables measurements of the characteristic full-energy photopeaks of selected elements within the formations.

摘要翻译： 在中子诱导的γ射线测井仪中，中子发生器以预选的时钟频率脉冲。 每个中子爆发产生非弹性散射伽马射线并捕获伽马射线。 在与中子源接通的第一时间间隔期间，使用锗酸铋闪烁体检测非弹性散射γ射线。 在每个中子爆发终止之后的第二个间隔期间，由锗酸铋闪烁体捕获伽马射线。 检测到的脉冲由光电倍增管转换成电脉冲。 电脉冲耦合到处理电路中。 使用地址解码器，减法器和比例电路可以测量地层内选定元素的特征全能量光峰。

公开(公告)号：US4430567A

公开(公告)日：1984-02-07

申请号：US227331

申请日：1981-01-22

申请人： Donald W. Oliver ,  David M. Chace

发明人： Donald W. Oliver ,  David M. Chace

IPC分类号： G01V5/10

CPC分类号： G01V5/102

摘要： In a gamma ray well logging instrument, a neutron generator is pulsed at a predetermined rate. Each neutron burst produces gamma radiation resulting from inelastic scattering and neutron capture. The detected gamma radiations are detected by a detector system within the logging instrument. The detected pulses are transmitted to the surface electronics where pulses occurring in the inelastic interval are directed to one section of a multi-channel analyzer and pulses from the capture interval are directed to another section of the analyzer. The use of address decoders and ratio circuits enables an electrical signal to be obtained which represents the ratio of the total capture gamma ray counts within an energy range to the total inelastic gamma ray counts within the same energy range. This electrical signal is representative of the porosity of the subsurface formations being irradiated by neutrons.

摘要翻译： 在伽马射线测井仪中，中子发生器以预定的速率脉冲。 每个中子爆发产生由非弹性散射和中子俘获产生的伽马辐射。 检测到的伽马辐射由测井仪器内的检测器系统检测。 检测到的脉冲被传送到表面电子器件，其中在非弹性间隔中出现的脉冲被引导到多通道分析仪的一个部分，并且来自捕获间隔的脉冲被引导到分析仪的另一部分。 地址解码器和比率电路的使用使得能够获得电信号，其表示能量范围内的总捕获伽马射线计数与相同能量范围内的全部非弹性伽马射线计数的比率。 该电信号代表被中子照射的地下地层的孔隙度。

公开(公告)号：US4399359A

公开(公告)日：1983-08-16

申请号：US214311

申请日：1980-12-08

申请人： Walter H. Fertl ,  Elton Frost ,  Donald W. Oliver

发明人： Walter H. Fertl ,  Elton Frost ,  Donald W. Oliver

IPC分类号： E21B47/10 ,  E21B49/00

CPC分类号： E21B47/1015 ,  E21B49/00

摘要： A method is disclosed for monitoring the flood front movement during enhanced recovery operations wherein flooding fluids are pumped into a number of injection wells forcing residual oil movement toward a production well. A plurality of monitoring wells located between the injection wells and the producing well are logged to establish base logs functionally related to oil saturation and water salinity. Periodically during the water flood operation, the monitoring wells are relogged to detect changes in oil saturation and water salinity. By comparison of the base logs with the series of later derived logs it is possible to accurately monitor the flood front movement including detecting high-permeability zones and monitoring of the flood front profile.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在增强的恢复操作期间监测洪水前沿运动的方法，其中将淹没流体泵入多个注入井，迫使剩余油向生产井运动。 记录位于注入井和生产井之间的多个监测井，以建立与油饱和度和水盐度功能相关的基础记录。 在洪水运行期间，监测井循环，以检测油饱和度和水盐度的变化。 通过比较基准日志与一系列后续导出的日志，可以准确地监视洪水前进运动，包括检测高渗透区域和洪水前沿轮廓的监控。

公开(公告)号：US4239965A

公开(公告)日：1980-12-16

申请号：US017307

申请日：1979-03-05

申请人： Donald W. Oliver ,  Richard B. Culver

发明人： Donald W. Oliver ,  Richard B. Culver

IPC分类号： G01V5/10 ,  G01V5/00

CPC分类号： G01V5/101

摘要： In a neutron induced gamma ray well logging instrument, a neutron generator is pulsed at a clock frequency of 20 KHz. Each neutron burst produces inelastic scattering gamma rays which are detected during a first time interval coinciding with the neutron source being on. Capture gamma rays are detected during a second interval subsequent to the end of each neutron burst. Upon detection of the scattered gamma rays, a detection pulse is transmitted during each of the two detection intervals. Sync pulses are generated at a scaled down frequency rate of 200 Hz within the well logging instrument for transmission to the earth's surface. The scaled-down sync pulses are applied to a phase-locked loop system for regenerating the sync pulses to the same frequency as that of the clock frequency used to pulse the neutron source and to open the detection gates in the borehole instrument. The regenerated sync pulses are then used in surface instrumentation to route the pulse occurring during the inelastic scattering interval to one section of a multi-channel analyzer. Similarly, the pulse occurring in the capture interval is routed into another section of the multi-channel analyzer. The use of memory address decoders, subtractors and ratio circuits enables both a carbon/oxygen ratio and a hydrogen/iron ratio to be obtained, substantially independent of chlorine content of the borehole and formation.

摘要翻译： 在中子诱导的γ射线测井仪中，中子发生器以20KHz的时钟频率脉冲。 每个中子脉冲产生非弹性散射伽马射线，其在与中子源接通的第一时间间隔期间被检测。 在每个中子爆发结束之后的第二个间隔期间，检测伽马射线。 在检测到散射的伽马射线时，在两个检测间隔的每一个期间发送检测脉冲。 在测井仪器内以200 Hz的缩小频率速率产生同步脉冲，以传输到地球表面。 缩小的同步脉冲被施加到锁相环系统，用于将同步脉冲再生成与用于脉冲中子源的时钟频率相同的频率，并打开井眼仪器中的检测门。 然后将再生的同步脉冲用于表面仪器中以将在非弹性散射间隔期间发生的脉冲路由到多通道分析仪的一个部分。 类似地，在捕获间隔中发生的脉冲被路由到多通道分析器的另一部分。 使用存储器地址解码器，减法器和比例电路可以获得碳/氧比和氢/铁比，基本上不依赖于钻孔和地层的氯含量。