公开(公告)号：US4239965A

公开(公告)日：1980-12-16

申请号：US017307

申请日：1979-03-05

申请人： Donald W. Oliver ,  Richard B. Culver

发明人： Donald W. Oliver ,  Richard B. Culver

IPC分类号： G01V5/10 ,  G01V5/00

CPC分类号： G01V5/101

摘要： In a neutron induced gamma ray well logging instrument, a neutron generator is pulsed at a clock frequency of 20 KHz. Each neutron burst produces inelastic scattering gamma rays which are detected during a first time interval coinciding with the neutron source being on. Capture gamma rays are detected during a second interval subsequent to the end of each neutron burst. Upon detection of the scattered gamma rays, a detection pulse is transmitted during each of the two detection intervals. Sync pulses are generated at a scaled down frequency rate of 200 Hz within the well logging instrument for transmission to the earth's surface. The scaled-down sync pulses are applied to a phase-locked loop system for regenerating the sync pulses to the same frequency as that of the clock frequency used to pulse the neutron source and to open the detection gates in the borehole instrument. The regenerated sync pulses are then used in surface instrumentation to route the pulse occurring during the inelastic scattering interval to one section of a multi-channel analyzer. Similarly, the pulse occurring in the capture interval is routed into another section of the multi-channel analyzer. The use of memory address decoders, subtractors and ratio circuits enables both a carbon/oxygen ratio and a hydrogen/iron ratio to be obtained, substantially independent of chlorine content of the borehole and formation.

摘要翻译： 在中子诱导的γ射线测井仪中，中子发生器以20KHz的时钟频率脉冲。 每个中子脉冲产生非弹性散射伽马射线，其在与中子源接通的第一时间间隔期间被检测。 在每个中子爆发结束之后的第二个间隔期间，检测伽马射线。 在检测到散射的伽马射线时，在两个检测间隔的每一个期间发送检测脉冲。 在测井仪器内以200 Hz的缩小频率速率产生同步脉冲，以传输到地球表面。 缩小的同步脉冲被施加到锁相环系统，用于将同步脉冲再生成与用于脉冲中子源的时钟频率相同的频率，并打开井眼仪器中的检测门。 然后将再生的同步脉冲用于表面仪器中以将在非弹性散射间隔期间发生的脉冲路由到多通道分析仪的一个部分。 类似地，在捕获间隔中发生的脉冲被路由到多通道分析器的另一部分。 使用存储器地址解码器，减法器和比例电路可以获得碳/氧比和氢/铁比，基本上不依赖于钻孔和地层的氯含量。

公开(公告)号：US4500781A

公开(公告)日：1985-02-19

申请号：US383052

申请日：1982-05-28

申请人： Richard B. Culver ,  Donald W. Oliver

发明人： Richard B. Culver ,  Donald W. Oliver

IPC分类号： G01V5/10

CPC分类号： G01V5/10

摘要： A source of high energy neutrons and a detector responsive to the thermal neutron population decay rate are utilized in a well logging instrument. The instrument is positioned within a borehole and at least a portion of the fluids within the borehole are irradiated with high energy neutrons. The thermal neutrons emanating from the irradiated fluids are detected and measured. The thermal neutron counts are converted into a time base measurement which is further converted into a measurement of the thermal neutron capture cross-section for the irradiated fluids.

摘要翻译： 在测井仪器中使用高能中子源和响应于热中子群体衰减速率的检测器。 仪器定位在钻孔内，钻孔内的至少一部分流体被高能中子照射。 检测和测量从照射的流体发出的热中子。 将热中子计数转换为时基测量值，该测量值进一步转换为被照射流体的热中子俘获截面的测量值。

公开(公告)号：US4135087A

公开(公告)日：1979-01-16

申请号：US829397

申请日：1977-08-31

申请人： Donald W. Oliver ,  Richard B. Culver

发明人： Donald W. Oliver ,  Richard B. Culver

IPC分类号： G01V5/10 ,  G01V5/00

CPC分类号： G01V5/102

摘要： A pulsed neutron generator in a well logging instrument is pulsed at a clock frequency of 20 KHz. Inelastic scatter gamma rays are detected during a first time interval coinciding with the neutron source being on and capture gamma rays are measured during a second interval subsequent to the end of each neutron burst. Only a single detected pulse, assuming detection occurs, is transmitted during each of the two detection intervals. Sync pulses are generated in the well logging instrument scaled down to a frequency of 200 Hz for transmission to the earth's surface. At the earth's surface, the scaled-down sync pulses are applied to a phase-locked loop system for regenerating the sync pulses to the same frequency as that of the clock frequency used to pulse the neutron source and to open the detection gates in the borehole instrument. The regenerated sync pulses are used in the surface instrumentation to route the pulses occurring in the inelastic interval into one section of a multichannel analyzer memory and the pulses occurring in the capture interval into another section of the multichannel analyzer. The use of memory address decoders, subtractors and ratio circuits enables both a carbon/oxygen ratio and a silicon/calcium ratio to be struck, substantially independent of the chlorine content of the borehole and formation.

公开(公告)号：US4168428A

公开(公告)日：1979-09-18

申请号：US815490

申请日：1977-07-14

申请人： Richard B. Culver

发明人： Richard B. Culver

IPC分类号： G01V5/10 ,  G01V5/00

CPC分类号： G01V5/102

摘要： A pulsed neutron generator in a well logging instrument is pulsed at a clock frequency of 20 KHz. Inelastic scatter gamma rays are detected during a first time interval coinciding with the neutron source being on and capture gamma rays are measured during a second interval subsequent to the end of each neutron burst. Only a single detected pulse, assuming detection occurs, is transmitted during each of the two detection intervals. Sync pulses are generated in the well logging instrument scaled down to a frequency of 200 Hz for transmission to the earth's surface. At the earth's surface, the scaled-down sync pulses are applied to a phase locked loop system for regenerating the sync pulses to the same frequency as that of the clock frequency used to pulse the neutron source and to open the detection gates in the borehole instrument. The regenerated sync pulses are used in the surface instrumentation to route the pulses occurring in the inelastic interval into one section of a multichannel analyzer memory and the pulses occurring in the capture interval into another section of the multichannel analyzer. The use of memory address decoders, subtractors and ratio circuits enables both a carbon/oxygen ratio and a silicon/calcium ratio to be struck substantially free of background radiation.

摘要翻译： 测井仪器中的脉冲中子发生器以20KHz的时钟频率进行脉冲。 在与中子源接通的第一时间间隔期间检测非弹性散射伽马射线，并且在每个中子爆发结束之后的第二间隔期间测量捕获伽马射线。 假设发生检测，只有一个检测到的脉冲在两个检测间隔的每一个期间被传送。 同步脉冲在测井仪器中产生，放大到200 Hz的频率，以传输到地球表面。 在地球表面，按比例缩小的同步脉冲被施加到锁相环系统，用于将同步脉冲再生成与用于脉冲中子源的时钟频率相同的频率，并打开钻孔仪器中的检测门 。 在表面仪器中使用再生的同步脉冲来将在非弹性间隔中发生的脉冲路由到多通道分析器存储器的一个部分，并且捕获间隔中出现的脉冲进入多通道分析器的另一部分。 使用存储器地址解码器，减法器和比例电路使得碳/氧比和硅/钙比都能够基本上没有背景辐射。

公开(公告)号：US4282486A

公开(公告)日：1981-08-04

申请号：US966292

申请日：1978-12-04

申请人： Richard B. Culver ,  Francis X. Bostick

发明人： Richard B. Culver ,  Francis X. Bostick

IPC分类号： G01V3/24

CPC分类号： G01V3/24

摘要： Method and apparatus for reducing the dynamic range of measure signals encountered in simultaneously obtaining two focused logs of formation resistivity with different depths of investigation and means for providing the required electrical connections of the electrode system. The apparatus includes an electrode system having a central electrode, a near and far pair of current electrodes, respectively shortcircuited, and aligned symmetrically on both sides of the central electrode, and a near and far pair of measure electrodes, respectively shortcircuited, and aligned symmetrically between the central electrode and the near pair of current electrodes. A signal detected on the near measure electrode pair at a preselected frequency and a first and second signal are combined to produce first and second combined voltages which are used in the production of a first and second frequency, f.sub.1 and f.sub.2, respectively. Electrode drive signals, each at a different, preselected frequency are generated, each having an amplitude functionally related to the deep resistivity measure signal with the frequencies selected to permit simultaneous measurement in a borehole of the electrical resistivities of the subsurface earth formations over relatively small and relatively large lateral distances from the wall of the borehole. The varying amplitude of the electrode drive signals acts to reduce the dynamic ranges in the measured currents and voltages impressed across the formation permitting an increase in the measurement accuracy over a smaller measurement range.

摘要翻译： 同时获得具有不同深度研究的地层电阻率的两个聚焦测井所遇到的测量信号的动态范围的方法和装置以及用于提供电极系统所需的电连接的装置。 该装置包括一个电极系统，具有中心电极，一对近电流电极和一对电流电极，分别在中心电极的两侧对称地对称地对准，并且分别短路和对准的近距离和远远的一对测量电极 在中心电极和近对电流电极之间。 以预选频率和第一和第二信号在近测量电极对上检测的信号被组合以产生分别用于产生第一和第二频率f1和f2的第一和第二组合电压。 产生每个以不同的预选频率的电极驱动信号，每个具有与深度电阻率测量信​​号功能相关的振幅，其频率被选择为允许同时测量地下地层的电阻率在相对较小的井眼中， 距离井壁相对较大的横向距离。 电极驱动信号的变化的幅度起到减小被测量的电流和施加在地层上的电压的动态范围，允许在较小的测量范围内提高测量精度。

公开(公告)号：US4013874A

公开(公告)日：1977-03-22

申请号：US610600

申请日：1975-09-05

申请人： Richard B. Culver

发明人： Richard B. Culver

IPC分类号： G01V5/06 ,  G01T1/00 ,  G05B1/03

CPC分类号： G01V5/06

摘要： The address scaler outputs of a multichannel analyzer are fed to two comparator circuits in an address decoder, one such address decoder being provided for each energy range of interest in the spectrum of detected gamma rays produced, or occurring, in earth formations surrounding a borehole. The address number from the multichannel analyzer is compared with two numbers preset by switches within the decoder, one group of switches and its associated comparator circuit being determinative of the lower boundary number, and a second group of switches and associated comparator circuit being determinative of the upper boundary number. The outputs from the comparators, one of which is inverted, are AND gated with a STORE pulse from the multichannel analyzer. If the address number from the multichannel analyzer falls within the lower and upper boundary numbers in coincidence with the STORE pulse, an output pulse is generated by the AND gate; otherwise, no output results. The AND gate output is coupled to a count rate meter and recorded. In addition, an intensity enable pulse is generated by a second AND gate having inputs from the two comparator circuits and is coupled back to the multichannel analyzer to allow intensification of the multichannel analyzer oscilloscope readout, thus providing a visual presentation of the region of interest selected by the decoder.

公开(公告)号：US3996473A

公开(公告)日：1976-12-07

申请号：US605097

申请日：1975-08-15

申请人： Richard B. Culver

发明人： Richard B. Culver

IPC分类号： H05H3/06 ,  G21G4/02

CPC分类号： H05H3/06

摘要： A pulsed neutron generator for well logging is provided having a resistor connected between the anode and cathode. The resistor provides a direct current path whereby corona current can flow between the cathode and a corona point without the necessity for the ion source to conduct. In an alternative embodiment, the secondary coil of a pulsing transformer is connected in series with a resistor between the anode and cathode. In an alternative embodiment, a corona regulator in series with the collector-emitter of a transistor is connected between the cathode and anode of the neutron source and the base drive to the transistor is provided by a light-responsive solar cell activatable by an external lamp. Circuitry is provided for utilizing the various neutron sources.

摘要翻译： 提供用于测井的脉冲中子发生器，其具有连接在阳极和阴极之间的电阻器。 电阻器提供直流电流通路，由此电晕电流可以在阴极和电晕点之间流动，而不需要离子源传导。 在替代实施例中，脉冲变压器的次级线圈与阳极和阴极之间的电阻器串联连接。 在替代实施例中，与晶体管的集电极 - 发射极串联的电晕调节器连接在中子源的阴极和阳极之间，并且通过由外部灯激活的光响应太阳能电池提供到晶体管的基极驱动 。 提供了利用各种中子源的电路。