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公开(公告)号：US5311025A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-10
申请号：US933143
申请日：1992-08-21
CPC分类号： G01T1/178
摘要： A fan-less long range alpha detector which operates by using an electrical field between a signal plane and the surface or substance to be monitored for air ions created by collisions with alpha radiation. Without a fan, the detector can operate without the possibility of spreading dust and potential contamination into the atmosphere. A guard plane between the signal plane and the electrically conductive enclosure and maintained at the same voltage as the signal plane, reduces leakage currents. The detector can easily monitor soil, or other solid or liquid surfaces.
摘要翻译： 无风扇长距离α检测器，其通过在信号平面和待监测的表面或物质之间的电场进行操作，以通过与α辐射碰撞产生的空气离子。 没有风扇，检测器可以运行，而不会将灰尘和潜在的污染物扩散到大气中。 信号平面与导电外壳之间的保护平面保持与信号平面相同的电压，可减少漏电流。 检测器可以方便地监测土壤或其他固体或液体表面。
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公开(公告)号：US5187370A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-16
申请号：US799464
申请日：1991-11-27
IPC分类号： G01T1/18
CPC分类号： G01T1/18
摘要： An alpha particle detector, utilizing alternating currents, whcih is capable of detecting alpha particles from distinct sources. The use of alternating currents allows use of simpler ac circuits which, in turn, are not susceptible to dc error components. It also allows the benefit of gas gain, if desired. In the invention, a voltage source creates an electric field between two conductive grids, and between the grids and a conductive enclosure. Air containing air ions created by collision with alpha particles is drawn into the enclosure and detected. In some embodiments, the air flow into the enclosure is interrupted, creating an alternating flow of ions. In another embodiment, a modulated voltage is applied to the grid, also modulating the detection of ions.
摘要翻译： 使用交流电的α粒子检测器能够检测不同来源的α粒子。 使用交流电流允许使用更简单的交流电路，这又不会直流误差分量。 如果需要，还可以获得气体增益的好处。 在本发明中，电压源在两个导电栅格之间以及栅格与导电封壳之间产生电场。 含有与α粒子碰撞产生的空气离子的空气被吸入外壳并检测。 在一些实施例中，进入外壳的空气流被中断，产生交替的离子流。 在另一个实施例中，调制电压被施加到电网，也调制离子的检测。
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公开(公告)号：US5184019A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-02
申请号：US709566
申请日：1991-06-03
申请人： Duncan W. MacArthur , Michael A. Wolf , James L. McAtee , Wesley P. Unruh , Alfred L. Cucchiara , Roger L. Huchton
发明人： Duncan W. MacArthur , Michael A. Wolf , James L. McAtee , Wesley P. Unruh , Alfred L. Cucchiara , Roger L. Huchton
CPC分类号： G01T1/178 , G01T1/18 , G01T7/06 , H01J47/026
摘要： An alpha particle detector capable of detecting alpha radiation from distant sources. In one embodiment, a high voltage is generated in a first electrically conductive mesh while a fan draws air containing air molecules ionized by alpha particles through an air passage and across a second electrically conductive mesh. The current in the second electrically conductive mesh can be detected and used for measurement or alarm. The detector can be used for area, personnel and equipment monitoring.
摘要翻译： 能够检测远距离源的α辐射的α粒子检测器。 在一个实施例中，在第一导电网中产生高电压，而风扇抽吸含有由α粒子离子化的空气分子的空气通过空气通道并穿过第二导电网。 第二导电网中的电流可被检测并用于测量或报警。 检测器可用于区域，人员和设备的监控。
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公开(公告)号：US5663567A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-02
申请号：US657744
申请日：1996-05-31
IPC分类号： G01T1/18
CPC分类号： G01T1/18
摘要： An electrostatic alpha radiation detector for measuring alpha radiation emitted from inside an enclosure comprising an electrically conductive expandable electrode for insertion into the enclosure. After insertion, the electrically conductive expandable electrode is insulated from the enclosure and defines a decay cavity between the electrically conductive expandable electrode and the enclosure so that air ions generated in the decay cavity are electrostatically captured by the electrically conductive expandable electrode and the enclosure when an electric potential is applied between the electrically conductive expandable electrode and the enclosure. Indicator means are attached to the electrically conductive expandable electrode for indicating an electrical current produced by generation of the air ions generated in the decay cavity by collisions between air molecules and the alpha particles emitted from the enclosure. A voltage source is connected between the indicator means and the electrically conductive enclosure for creating an electric field between the electrically conductive expandable electrode and the enclosure.
摘要翻译： 一种用于测量从外壳内部发射的α辐射的静电α辐射检测器，包括用于插入外壳的导电可扩张电极。 在插入之后，导电可膨胀电极与外壳绝缘，并且在导电的可扩张电极和外壳之间限定了衰减空腔，使得在衰减空腔中产生的空气离子被导电的可扩张电极和外壳静电捕获，当 在导电性可扩张电极和外壳之间施加电位。 指示装置连接到导电可膨胀电极，用于指示由空气分子与从外壳发射的α粒子之间的碰撞产生在衰变腔中产生的空气离子产生的电流。 电压源连接在指示器装置和导电外壳之间，用于在导电可扩张电极和外壳之间产生电场。
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公开(公告)号：US5194737A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-16
申请号：US773002
申请日：1991-10-08
CPC分类号： G01T1/18 , H01J47/026
摘要： Alpha particle detectors capable of detecting alpha radiation from distant sources. In one embodiment, a voltage is generated in a single electrically conductive grid while a fan draws air containing air molecules ionized by alpha particles through an air passage and across the conductive grid. The current in the conductive grid can be detected and used for measurement or alarm. Another embodiment builds on this concept and provides an additional grid so that air ions of both polarities can be detected. The detector can be used in many applications, such as for pipe or duct, tank, or soil sample monitoring.
摘要翻译： 能够检测远距离源的α辐射的α粒子检测器。 在一个实施例中，在单个导电栅格中产生电压，而风扇抽吸含有由α粒子离子化的空气分子的空气通过空气通道并穿过导电栅格。 导电电网中的电流可以被检测并用于测量或报警。 另一实施例基于该概念，并且提供附加的格栅，使得可以检测两极性的空气离子。 检测器可用于许多应用，例如用于管道或管道，罐或土壤样品监测。
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公开(公告)号：US5525804A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-11
申请号：US382333
申请日：1995-02-01
CPC分类号： G01T1/18
摘要： A background canceling long range alpha detector which is capable of providing output proportional to both the alpha radiation emitted from a surface and to radioactive gas emanating from the surface. The detector operates by using an electrical field between first and second signal planes, an enclosure and the surface or substance to be monitored for alpha radiation. The first and second signal planes are maintained at the same voltage with respect to the electrically conductive enclosure, reducing leakage currents. In the presence of alpha radiation and radioactive gas decay, the signal from the first signal plane is proportional to both the surface alpha radiation and to the airborne radioactive gas, while the signal from the second signal plane is proportional only to the airborne radioactive gas. The difference between these two signals is proportional to the surface alpha radiation alone.
摘要翻译： 背景技术消除长距离α检测器，其能够提供与从表面发射的α辐射和从表面发出的放射性气体成比例的输出。 检测器通过使用第一和第二信号面之间的电场，外壳和要监测的α辐射的表面或物质进行操作。 第一和第二信号面相对于导电外壳保持相同的电压，从而减少漏电流。 在α辐射和放射性气体衰减的情况下，来自第一信号平面的信号与表面α辐射和空气放射性气体成比例，而来自第二信号面的信号仅与机载放射性气体成比例。 这两个信号之间的差异与单独的表面α辐射成比例。
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公开(公告)号：US5679958A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-21
申请号：US607672
申请日：1996-02-27
申请人： Duncan W. MacArthur
发明人： Duncan W. MacArthur
CPC分类号： G01T7/06
摘要： A beta radiation detector which is capable of reliably detecting beta radiation emitted from a surface. An electrically conductive signal collector is adjustably mounted inside an electrically conductive enclosure which may define a single large opening for placing against a surface. The adjustable mounting of the electrically conductive signal collector can be based on the distance from the surface or on the expected beta energy range. A voltage source is connected to the signal collector through an electrometer or other display means for creating an electric field between the signal collector and the enclosure. Air ions created by the beta radiation are collected and the current produced is indicated on the electrometer or other display means.
摘要翻译： 一种能够可靠地检测从表面发射的β辐射的β辐射检测器。 导电信号收集器可调节地安装在导电外壳内，其可以限定用于放置在表面上的单个大开口。 导电信号收集器的可调整安装可以基于距表面的距离或预期的β能量范围。 电压源通过静电计或其它显示装置连接到信号收集器，用于在信号收集器和外壳之间产生电场。 收集由β辐射产生的空气离子，并且产生的电流在静电计或其他显示装置上指示。
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公开(公告)号：US5550381A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-27
申请号：US333020
申请日：1994-11-01
CPC分类号： G01T1/18 , G01T1/14 , G01T1/185 , Y10S250/02
摘要： An electrostatic detector for atmospheric radon or other weak sources of alpha radiation. In one embodiment, nested enclosures are insulated from one another, open at the top, and have a high voltage pin inside and insulated from the inside enclosure. An electric field is produced between the pin and the inside enclosure. Air ions produced by collision with alpha particles inside the decay volume defined by the inside enclosure are attracted to the pin and the inner enclosure. With low alpha concentrations, individual alpha events can be measured to indicate the presence of radon or other alpha radiation. In another embodiment, an electrical field is produced between parallel plates which are insulated from a single decay cavity enclosure.
摘要翻译： 用于大气氡气或其他弱辐射源的静电探测器。 在一个实施例中，嵌套的外壳彼此绝缘，在顶部开口，并且在内部具有高电压引脚并与内部外壳绝缘。 在引脚和内部外壳之间产生电场。 由内部壳体限定的衰减体积内的α粒子碰撞产生的空气离子被吸引到销和内部外壳。 对于低α浓度，可以测量单个α事件以指示氡或其他α辐射的存在。 在另一个实施例中，在与单个衰减腔体外壳绝缘的平行板之间产生电场。
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公开(公告)号：US5281824A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-25
申请号：US864746
申请日：1992-04-07
CPC分类号： G01T7/06 , Y10S250/02
摘要： A detector for atmospheric radon using a long range alpha detector as its sensing element. An electrostatic filter removes ions from ambient air, while allowing radon atoms to pass into a decay cavity. Here, radon atoms are allowed to decay, creating air ions. These air ions are drawn by a fan through a second electrostatic filter which can be activated or deactivated, and into the long range alpha detector. With the second electrostatic filter activated, no air ions are allowed to pass, and the signal output from the long range alpha detector consists of only the electronic background. With the second electrostatic filter deactivated, air ions and cosmic rays will be detected. The cosmic ray contribution can be minimized by shielding.
摘要翻译： 使用长距离α检测器作为其感测元件的大气氡探测器。 静电过滤器从环境空气中除去离子，同时允许氡原子进入衰变腔。 这里，氡原子被允许衰变，产生空气离子。 这些空气离子被风扇吸引通过可被激活或去激活的第二静电过滤器和长距离的α检测器。 激活第二静电过滤器时，不允许空气离子通过，而从远程α检测器输出的信号仅由电子背景构成。 在第二静电过滤器停用时，将检测空气离子和宇宙射线。 宇宙射线的贡献可以通过屏蔽来最小化。
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