Abstract:
An additive for reducing filtrate loss may be obtained by the reaction of carboxymethyl cellulose with an ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing a sulfonic group in the form of acid or salt thereof. The product of the reaction useful in water-based drilling muds which are employed in the drilling and/or completion of oil wells. The additive exhibits its characteristic function of filtrate reduction even at high temperature and pressure conditions; and, moreover, it is suitable for application in the presence of salts and solids.
Abstract:
A hygienic covering for the bearing surface of an annular seat of a water-closet, consisting of a layer of paper, plastified paper or the like in the form of a cylindrical ring including two annular resilient edges provided with elastic bands, for providing a covering, can be positioned on said surface of seat, in order to be engaged with one resilient edge with the elastic band at the outer edge and to be kept substantially tensioned above the surface of the seat by means of the other resilient edge with the elastic band.
Abstract:
Stable aqueous dispersions of film-forming cationic polyurethanes are prepared by extending with water or amines a cationic prepolymer obtained from aliphatic diisocyanates, aliphatic tertiary amines having two hydroxyl groups that react with —NCO groups, linear polyols and methanesulfonic acid.