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1.发明授权Integrity-testable wet-dry-reversible ultrafiltration membranes and method for testing same 失效完整性可测湿式干 - 可逆超滤膜及其测试方法
公开(公告)号：US5685991A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-11
申请号：US542293
申请日：1995-10-12
CPC分类号： B01D67/0093 , B01D65/102 , B01D67/0009 , B01D69/02 , G01N15/0826 , B01D2323/08 , B01D2323/12 , B01D2325/20 , G01N2015/086
摘要： The present invention provides for the first time ultrafiltration/diafiltration membranes that are capable of excluding 0.02 .mu.m diameter, monodisperse, latex particles and are capable of being dried without loss of such ultrafiltration properties. A rapid, reliable method for integrity testing membranes also has now been discovered. The test has particular applicability to ultrafiltration membranes, although it may also be used for testing microfiltration membranes as well. In accordance with the method, referred to as the K.sub.UF method, the membrane to be tested is first thoroughly wetted with a wetting liquid that is capable of fully wetting the membrane; a displacing liquid is placed in contact with one side of the wetted membrane and increasing pressure is then applied to said displacing liquid; and the flow rate through said membrane is measured as a function of the applied pressure; wherein the displacing liquid is substantially insoluble in the wetting liquid and the interfacial tension between the two liquids is about 10.0 dynes/cm or less. A plot of the flow rate of liquid, per unit area of the membrane, through the membrane as a function of applied pressure can be made and a straight line may be drawn through the steep part of the resulting curve, using regression analysis, which will intersect the horizontal axis at a given pressure value, which is then the K.sub.UF value.
摘要翻译： 本发明首次提供能够排除直径0.02μm，单分散，胶乳颗粒并且能够在不损失这种超滤特性的情况下干燥的超滤/渗滤膜。 现在已经发现了用于完整性测试膜的快速，可靠的方法。 该测试对超滤膜具有特别的适用性，尽管它也可用于测试微滤膜。 根据该方法，称为KUF方法，首先用能够完全润湿膜的润湿液充分润湿待测试的膜; 置换液体与湿膜的一侧接触，然后将增加的压力施加到所述置换液体; 并且通过所述膜的流量作为所施加的压力的函数被测量; 其中置换液体基本上不溶于润湿液体中，并且两种液体之间的界面张力为约10.0达因/厘米或更小。 可以通过使用回归分析，通过膜的平均流动速率，通过膜作为施加的压力的函数来绘制液体的流速，并且可以通过所得曲线的陡峭部分绘制直线。 以给定的压力值与水平轴相交，然后是KUF值。
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2.发明授权Integrity-testable wet-dry-reversible ultrafiltration membranes and method for testing same 失效完整性可测湿式干 - 可逆超滤膜及其测试方法
公开(公告)号：US5480554A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-02
申请号：US882473
申请日：1992-05-13
CPC分类号： B01D67/0093 , B01D65/102 , B01D67/0009 , B01D69/02 , G01N15/0826 , B01D2323/08 , B01D2323/12 , B01D2325/20 , G01N2015/086
摘要： The present invention provides for the first time ultrafiltration/diafiltration membranes that are capable of excluding 0.02 .mu.m diameter, monodisperse, latex particles and are capable of being dried without loss of such ultrafiltration properties. A rapid, reliable method for integrity testing membranes also has now been discovered. The test has particular applicability to ultrafiltration membranes, although it may also be used for testing microfiltration membranes as well. In accordance with the method, referred to as the K.sub.UF method, the membrane to be tested is first thoroughly wetted with a wetting liquid that is capable of fully wetting the membrane; a displacing liquid is placed in contact with one side of the wetted membrane and increasing pressure is then applied to said displacing liquid; and the flow rate through said membrane is measured as a function of the applied pressure; wherein the displacing liquid is substantially insoluble in the wetting liquid and the interfacial tension between the two liquids is about 10.0 dynes/cm or less. A plot of the flow rate of liquid, per unit area of the membrane, through the membrane as a function of applied pressure can be made and a straight line may be drawn through the steep part of the resulting curve, using regression analysis, which will intersect the horizontal axis at a given pressure value, which is then the K.sub.UF value.
摘要翻译： 本发明首次提供能够排除直径0.02μm，单分散，胶乳颗粒并且能够在不损失这种超滤特性的情况下干燥的超滤/渗滤膜。 现在已经发现了用于完整性测试膜的快速，可靠的方法。 该测试对超滤膜具有特别的适用性，尽管它也可用于测试微滤膜。 根据该方法，称为KUF方法，首先用能够完全润湿膜的润湿液充分润湿待测试的膜; 置换液体与湿膜的一侧接触，然后将增加的压力施加到所述置换液体; 并且通过所述膜的流量作为所施加的压力的函数被测量; 其中置换液体基本上不溶于润湿液体中，并且两种液体之间的界面张力为约10.0达因/厘米或更小。 可以通过使用回归分析，通过膜的平均流动速率，通过膜作为施加的压力的函数来绘制液体的流速，并且可以通过所得曲线的陡峭部分绘制直线。 以给定的压力值与水平轴相交，然后是KUF值。
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公开(公告)号：US4534388A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-13
申请号：US501889
申请日：1983-06-07
CPC分类号： B01F5/068 , B01F5/0664 , Y10T137/7879
摘要： A self-cleaning system and method for dispersing aggregates in a fluid medium is provided. The system is comprised of first and second members operatively associated to form an internal chamber and having an inlet to the chamber for admitting the fluid to be treated. At least one of the members is biased toward the other whereby the introduction of a fluid medium to be treated into the chamber under an operating pressure in the range of from about 50 to about 1,000 psid (3.5 to 70.3 kg/cm.sup.2) provides an elongated orifice between the first and second members having a transverse dimension or width of from about 1 to about 1,500 micrometers for egress of the fluid medium. As the fluid passes through the elongated orifice, aggregates contained therein are dispersed. The system is self-cleaning by virtue of the biased nature of at least one of the members toward the other, thereby providing longer onstream operation and requiring less servicing. The system can be used for treating aggregate-containing fluids such as oil well completion fluids, dispersions used in the manufacture of magnetic tape, and dispersion of particulates such as carbon black and other pigments.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于将聚集体分散在流体介质中的自清洁系统和方法。 该系统包括第一和第二构件，第一和第二构件可操作地相关联以形成内部腔室并且具有用于容纳被处理流体的腔室的入口。 至少一个构件偏向另一个，由此在约50至约1,000psid（3.5至70.3kg / cm 2）的操作压力下将待处理的流体介质引入室中，提供细长的 在第一和第二构件之间的孔口具有约1至约1,500微米的横向尺寸或宽度，用于流体介质的流出。 当流体通过细长的孔口时，其中包含的聚集体被分散。 该系统由于至少一个构件朝向另一个的偏压性质而自行清洁，从而提供更长的上游操作并且需要较少的维修。 该系统可用于处理含石油的流体，例如油井完井液，用于制造磁带的分散体，以及诸如炭黑和其它颜料的颗粒分散体。
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