公开(公告)号：US07066469B2

公开(公告)日：2006-06-27

申请号：US10213233

申请日：2002-08-06

申请人： Lyndon Scott Stephens ,  Kevin W. Kelly

发明人： Lyndon Scott Stephens ,  Kevin W. Kelly

IPC分类号： F16J15/34

CPC分类号： F16J15/3404

摘要： A seal assembly for a machinery housing includes a seal ring having a micro heat exchanger and a gland plate for securing the seal ring to the machinery housing. The gland plate includes a cooling fluid port in communication with the micro heat exchanger.

摘要翻译： 用于机械壳体的密封组件包括具有微型热交换器的密封环和用于将密封环固定到机械壳体的压盖板。 压盖板包括与微型热交换器连通的冷却流体端口。

公开(公告)号：US5681661A

公开(公告)日：1997-10-28

申请号：US599151

申请日：1996-02-09

申请人： Kevin W. Kelly

发明人： Kevin W. Kelly

IPC分类号： B01J19/00 ,  B81C1/00 ,  C25D5/02 ,  F28F13/18 ,  B23B3/10 ,  F01D5/18 ,  G10K11/16

CPC分类号： F28F13/18 ,  B01J19/0093 ,  C25D5/022 ,  F28F2260/02 ,  Y10T428/12396 ,  Y10T428/12458 ,  Y10T428/12472 ,  Y10T428/12993

摘要： The performance of many macroscopic structures (those whose dimensions are on the order of centimeters, meters, or even larger) can be greatly improved by covering their surfaces with microstuctures. There are several applications in which "large," microstructure-covered sheets are useful. For example, dissimilar sheets of material that otherwise would not bond well to one another (such as a polymer and a metal) can be more strongly bonded with microstructures extending from one of the sheets and embedded into the other sheet. Such products make valuable laminate composites. As another example, the rate of heat transfer between an object and the surrounding medium can be dramatically changed (up or down) by covering the surface of the object with high aspect ratio microstructures, without significantly changing the component's size or weight. As compared to prior thermal barrier coatings, when microstructures are thus used to cover turbine blades the turbines can operate at substantially higher temperatures (as much as 290.degree. C. higher than otherwise possible) and substantially higher pressures, while simultaneously reducing thermal stresses. Yet another application is the use of microstructures as acoustic absorbers, to reduce the amplitude of sound transmitted through a surface.

摘要翻译： 通过用微结构覆盖其表面，可以大大提高许多宏观结构（其尺寸在厘米，米，甚至更大的数量级）上的性能。 有几种应用，其中“大的”，微结构覆盖的片材是有用的。 例如，不同于彼此不能很好地结合的材料（例如聚合物和金属）可以更牢固地与从一个片材延伸并嵌入到另一个片材中的微结构结合。 这些产品是有价值的层压复合材料。 作为另一个例子，通过用高纵横比微结构覆盖物体的表面，物体和周围介质之间的热传递速率可以显着地改变（上或下），而不会显着地改变部件的尺寸或重量。 与现有的热障涂层相比，当微结构用于覆盖涡轮机叶片时，涡轮机可以在基本上更高的温度（比其它可能的高达290℃）和显着更高的压力下工作，同时降低热应力。 另一个应用是使用微结构作为吸声器，以减小透过表面的声音的幅度。

公开(公告)号：US06415860B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-09

申请号：US09501215

申请日：2000-02-09

申请人： Kevin W. Kelly ,  Chad R. Harris ,  Mircea S. Despa

发明人： Kevin W. Kelly ,  Chad R. Harris ,  Mircea S. Despa

IPC分类号： F28D103

CPC分类号： F28F7/02 ,  F28F2260/02 ,  Y10S165/395

摘要： An extremely high efficiency, crossflow, fluid-fluid, micro heat exchanger is disclosed. To concurrently achieve the goals of high mass flow rate, low pressure drop, and high heat transfer rates, the heat exchanger comprises numerous parallel, but relatively short microchannels. The performance of these heat exchangers is superior to the performance of previously available heat exchangers. Typical channel heights are from a few hundred micrometers to about 2000 micrometers, and typical channel widths are from around 50 micrometers to a few hundred micrometers. The micro heat exchangers offer substantial advantages over conventional, larger heat exchangers in performance, weight, size, and cost. The heat exchangers are especially useful for enhancing gas-side heat exchange. Some of the many possible applications include aircraft heat exchange, air conditioning, portable cooling systems, and micro combustion chambers for fuel cells. The use of microchannels in a cross-flow micro-heat exchanger decreases the thermal diffusion lengths substantially, allowing substantially greater heat transfer per unit volume or per unit mass than has been achieved with prior heat exchangers. The cross-flow micro-heat exchanger have performance characteristics that are superior to state-of-the-art designs, as measured on a per-unit-volume or per-unit-mass basis.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种极高效率的交叉流动流体微型热交换器。 为了同时实现高质量流量，低压降和高传热速率的目标，热交换器包括许多平行但相对较短的微通道。 这些热交换器的性能优于先前可用的热交换器的性能。 典型的通道高度为几百微米至约2000微米，典型的通道宽度为约50微米至几百微米。 微型热交换器在性能，重量，尺寸和成本方面都具有比传统的较大的热交换器更大的优点。 热交换器特别适用于增强气体侧热交换。 许多可能的应用中的一些包括飞机热交换器，空调，便携式冷却系统和用于燃料电池的微型燃烧室。 交叉流动微型热交换器中的微通道的使用大大降低了热扩散长度，使得与现有热交换器相比，每单位体积或每单位质量的传热量显着更大。 交叉流微型热交换器具有优于现有技术设计的性能特征，以单位体积或每单位质量为基础测量。

公开(公告)号：US06482553B1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-19

申请号：US09603512

申请日：2000-06-26

申请人： Jost S. Göttert ,  Philip J. Coane ,  Kevin W. Kelly

发明人： Jost S. Göttert ,  Philip J. Coane ,  Kevin W. Kelly

IPC分类号： G03F900

CPC分类号： G03F1/22

摘要： A method is disclosed for producing x-ray masks on graphite substrates inexpensively and rapidly. The method eliminates the need for an intermediate x-ray mask, instead using a less expensive intermediate UV lithography step. The absorber structures are electroplated directly onto the graphite. The capability to economically produce x-ray masks is expected to greatly enhance the commercial appeal of x-ray lithography in processes such as LIGA. The x-ray mask produced by this process comprises a graphite substrate that supports an absorber such as gold-on-nickel. The thickness of the absorber structures can be varied as needed to supply sufficient contrast for the particular application. A layer of a deep UV resist such as SU-8 is spin-coated directly onto a graphite substrate. The resist is then patterned with an UV mask using a UV radiation source. After developing the exposed resist, gold-on-nickel or other absorber structures are electroplated directly into the resist-covered graphite, and the resist is then removed.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在石墨基板上廉价且快速地生产x射线掩模的方法。 该方法消除了对中间X射线掩模的需要，而不是使用较便宜的中间UV光刻步骤。 吸收体结构直接电镀在石墨上。 经济地生产x射线掩模的能力有望大大增强X射线光刻在诸如LIGA的工艺中的商业吸引力。 通过该方法制造的x射线掩模包括支撑诸如金上镍的吸收体的石墨基底。 可以根据需要改变吸收体结构的厚度，以为特定应用提供足够的对比度。 将深层UV抗蚀剂如SU-8的层直接旋涂在石墨基材上。 然后使用UV辐射源用UV掩模对抗蚀剂进行图案化。 在曝光的抗蚀剂显影之后，将金 - 镍或其它吸收体结构直接电镀到抗蚀剂覆盖的石墨中，然后除去抗蚀剂。

公开(公告)号：US06197180B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-06

申请号：US09091698

申请日：1998-06-23

申请人： Kevin W. Kelly

发明人： Kevin W. Kelly

IPC分类号： C25D502

CPC分类号： F28F13/185 ,  B01J19/0093 ,  B01J2219/00783 ,  B01J2219/00822 ,  B01J2219/00828 ,  B01J2219/00833 ,  B01J2219/00873 ,  B01J2219/00995 ,  B81C1/00619 ,  B81C99/0085 ,  C25D5/022 ,  F28F2260/02

摘要： The performance of many macroscopic structures (those whose dimensions are on the order of centimeters, meters, or even larger) can be greatly improved by covering their surfaces with microstructures. There are several applications in which “large,” microstructure-covered sheets are useful. An apparatus and method are disclosed for forming high aspect ratio microstructures (“HARMs”) on planar and non-planar surfaces, using a modification of the LIGA microfabrication process. A free-standing polymer sheet is lithographically patterned with through-holes. The polymer sheet is then pressed against, clamped to, or otherwise attached to a conductive substrate in such a way that the patterned holes in the sheet are not blocked. Subsequent electroplating produces well-defined HARM structures on the planar or non-planar surface, in shapes that are complementary to the lithographically patterned through-holes in the polymer. The polymer may then be removed (e.g., by melting, dissolution, or burning). Various planar and non-planar surfaces have been covered with microstructures. Where the metal surface is non-planar, the polymer sheet may be heated or otherwise made sufficiently flexible to conform to the metal surface, preferably by heat-shrinking to assure firm contact. The process may be used to electroplate microstructures directly onto metal surfaces generally—not just onto metal surfaces that have been specially prepared for LIGA processes, as has previously been the case.

摘要翻译： 通过用微结构覆盖其表面，可以大大提高许多宏观结构（其尺寸在厘米，米，甚至更大的数量级）的性能。 有几种应用，其中“大的”，微结构覆盖的片材是有用的。 公开了一种用于在平面和非平面表面上形成高纵横比微结构（“HARM”）的装置和方法，其使用LIGA微细加工过程的改进。 独立的聚合物片材通过通孔进行光刻图案化。 然后将聚合物片压制，夹紧或以其他方式附着到导电基底上，使得片材中的图案化孔不被阻挡。 随后的电镀在平面或非平面表面上产生明确定义的HARM结构，其形状与聚合物中的光刻图案化的通孔互补。 然后可以除去聚合物（例如通过熔融，溶解或燃烧）。 各种平面和非平面的表面都被微结构覆盖。 在金属表面是非平面的情况下，聚合物片材可以被加热或以其它方式制成足够柔软以适应金属表面，优选通过热收缩来确保牢固的接触。 该方法可以用于将金属表面直接电镀到金属表面上，而不仅仅是金属表面上已经专门为LIGA工艺制备的金属表面。

公开(公告)号：US6149160A

公开(公告)日：2000-11-21

申请号：US129562

申请日：1998-08-05

申请人： Lyndon S. Stephens ,  Kevin W. Kelly

发明人： Lyndon S. Stephens ,  Kevin W. Kelly

IPC分类号： F16C33/10 ,  F16C33/24 ,  F16J15/34

CPC分类号： F16C33/1065 ,  F16C17/026 ,  F16C17/045 ,  F16C33/24 ,  F16J15/3424 ,  F28F13/185 ,  F28F2260/02

摘要： Properties of mechanical bearings and mechanical seals can be significantly improved by covering the load-bearing surfaces with fields of high aspect ratio microstructures (HARMs), such as microchannels or microposts. The HARMs can substantially enhance heat transfer capability and lubricant flow. The present invention uses microstructures and micro-channels manufactured by a modified LIGA process to enhance the performance of load bearing surfaces. Benefits include reduced operating temperatures, precise metering of lubricant flow to all affected surfaces, increased reliability, increased life, higher maximum rotational speed, and the ability of the seal or bearing to run "dry," that is, without periodic re-application of lubricant. The invention may be used with a variety of bearings and mechanical seals, including for example ball bearings, roller bearings, journal bearings, air bearings, magnetic bearings, single mechanical seals, double mechanical seals, tandem mechanical seals, bellows, pusher mechanical seals, and all types of rotating and reciprocating machines. Improved cooling jackets are also disclosed, for use with bearings, seals, or other applications.

摘要翻译： 通过用诸如微通道或微孔的高纵横比微结构（HARM）的领域覆盖承载表面，可以显着改善机械轴承和机械密封件的性能。 HARM可以显着增强传热能力和润滑剂流动。 本发明使用通过改进的LIGA工艺制造的微结构和微通道来增强承载表面的性能。 优点包括降低工作温度，精确计量润滑剂流向所有受影响的表面，增加可靠性，延长使用寿命，提高最高转速以及密封件或轴承运行“干燥”的能力，即不定期再次使用 润滑剂。 本发明可以与各种轴承和机械密封件一起使用，包括例如球轴承，滚柱轴承，轴颈轴承，空气轴承，磁性轴承，单机械密封件，双机械密封件，串联机械密封件，波纹管，推进器机械密封件， 和所有类型的旋转和往复机器。 还公开了改进的冷却套，用于轴承，密封件或其他应用。

公开(公告)号：US06892802B2

公开(公告)日：2005-05-17

申请号：US10003882

申请日：2001-10-25

申请人： Kevin W. Kelly ,  Chad R. Harris ,  Mircea S. Despa

发明人： Kevin W. Kelly ,  Chad R. Harris ,  Mircea S. Despa

IPC分类号： F28D1/04 ,  F28F7/02

CPC分类号： F28F13/06 ,  F28F7/02 ,  F28F2260/02 ,  Y10S165/395

摘要： An extremely high efficiency, cross flow, fluid-fluid, micro heat exchanger and novel method of fabrication using electrode-less deposition is disclosed. To concurrently achieve the goals of high mass flow rate, low pressure drop, and high heat transfer rates, the heat exchanger comprises numerous parallel, but relatively short microchannels. Typical channel heights are from a few hundred micrometers to about 2000 micrometers, and typical channel widths are from around 50 micrometers to a few hundred micrometers. The micro heat exchangers offer substantial advantages over conventional, larger heat exchangers in performance, weight, size, and cost. The heat exchangers are especially useful for enhancing gas-side heat exchange. The use of microchannels in a cross-flow micro-heat exchanger decreases the thermal diffusion lengths substantially, allowing substantially greater heat transfer per unit volume or per unit mass than has been achieved with prior heat exchangers.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种极高效率，交叉流动，流体流体，微型热交换器和使用无电极沉积的新型制造方法。 为了同时实现高质量流量，低压降和高传热速率的目标，热交换器包括许多平行但相对较短的微通道。 典型的通道高度为几百微米至约2000微米，典型的通道宽度为约50微米至几百微米。 微型热交换器在性能，重量，尺寸和成本方面都具有比传统的较大的热交换器更大的优点。 热交换器特别适用于增强气体侧热交换。 交叉流动微型热交换器中的微通道的使用大大降低了热扩散长度，使得与现有热交换器相比，每单位体积或每单位质量的传热量显着更大。

公开(公告)号：US06280090B1

公开(公告)日：2001-08-28

申请号：US09661756

申请日：2000-09-14

申请人： Lyndon S. Stephens ,  Kevin W. Kelly

发明人： Lyndon S. Stephens ,  Kevin W. Kelly

IPC分类号： F16C3312

CPC分类号： F16C33/1065 ,  F16C17/026 ,  F16C17/04 ,  F16C33/24 ,  F16J15/3424 ,  F28F13/185 ,  F28F2260/02

摘要： Properties of mechanical bearings and mechanical seals can be significantly improved by covering the load-bearing surfaces with fields of high aspect ratio microstructures (HARMs), such as microchannels or microposts. The HARMs can substantially enhance heat transfer capability and lubricant flow. The present invention uses microstructures and micro-channels manufactured by a modified LIGA process to enhance the performance of load bearing surfaces. Benefits include reduced operating temperatures, precise metering of lubricant flow to all affected surfaces, increased reliability, increased life, higher maximum rotational speed, and the ability of the seal or bearing to run “dry,” that is, without periodic re-application of lubricant. The invention may be used with a variety of bearings and mechanical seals, including for example ball bearings, roller bearings, journal bearings, air bearings, magnetic bearings, single mechanical seals, double mechanical seals, tandem mechanical seals, bellows, pusher mechanical seals, and all types of rotating and reciprocating machines. Improved cooling jackets are also disclosed, for use with bearings, seals, or other applications.

摘要翻译： 通过用诸如微通道或微孔的高纵横比微结构（HARM）的领域覆盖承载表面，可以显着改善机械轴承和机械密封件的性能。 HARM可以显着增强传热能力和润滑剂流动。 本发明使用通过改进的LIGA工艺制造的微结构和微通道来增强承载表面的性能。 优点包括降低工作温度，精确计量润滑剂流向所有受影响的表面，增加可靠性，延长使用寿命，提高最高转速以及密封件或轴承运行“干燥”的能力，即不定期再次使用 润滑剂。 本发明可以与各种轴承和机械密封件一起使用，包括例如球轴承，滚柱轴承，轴颈轴承，空气轴承，磁性轴承，单机械密封件，双机械密封件，串联机械密封件，波纹管，推进器机械密封件， 和所有类型的旋转和往复机器。 还公开了改进的冷却套，用于轴承，密封件或其他应用。