公开(公告)号：US4617662A

公开(公告)日：1986-10-14

申请号：US560669

申请日：1983-12-12

申请人： John H. Auer, Jr. ,  Henry C. Sibley ,  Leslie C. Stewart

发明人： John H. Auer, Jr. ,  Henry C. Sibley ,  Leslie C. Stewart

IPC分类号： B61L7/08 ,  G06F11/10 ,  G06F11/08

CPC分类号： G06F11/10 ,  B61L7/088

摘要： A vital communication system connects an input location to an output location using a non-vital communication link. In addition to transmitting, from the input location to the output location, a word with a bit dedicated to each different input, a system check word is transmitted. Each different input is assigned a unique multi-bit value, and the system check word comprises a linear combination of the unique multi-bit values for each of the inputs in a given binary state. Thus, there is a relationship between the transmitted words with bits dedicated to each input line and the system check word. At the output location, this correspondence is checked for. In addition, a further check is employed which first produces an output check word made up of a linear combination of the unique names for each output which are not in the given binary state. This output check word is then linearly combined with the received system check word. In the absence of a failure, the result of this linear combination of the output check word and the system check word should be constant regardless of the particular condition of different inputs and outputs, so long as the output and inputs actually correspond. Apparatus is provided to check for this constant result.

摘要翻译： 重要的通信系统使用非重要的通信链路将输入位置连接到输出位置。 除了从输入位置向输出位置发送具有专用于每个不同输入的位的单词之外，还发送系统检查字。 每个不同的输入被分配唯一的多位值，并且系统检查字包括给定二进制状态中每个输入的唯一多位值的线性组合。 因此，发送的字与专用于每个输入行和系统检查字的位之间存在关系。 在输出位置，检查该对应关系。 另外，进一步检查，其首先产生由不是给定二进制状态的每个输出的唯一名称的线性组合组成的输出检查词。 然后，该输出检查字与接收到的系统检查字线性组合。 在没有故障的情况下，只要输出和输入实际对应，输出检查字和系统检查字的这种线性组合的结果应该是恒定的，而不管不同的输入和输出的特定条件。 提供设备来检查这个恒定的结果。

公开(公告)号：US4015087A

公开(公告)日：1977-03-29

申请号：US633142

申请日：1975-11-18

申请人： Leslie C. Stewart

发明人： Leslie C. Stewart

IPC分类号： G10L15/00 ,  G10L1/14

CPC分类号： G10L15/00

摘要： Apparatus which provides a real time sound spectrogram of signals such as speech which are complex in their frequency content and also vary rapidly in time, is described. A visual display device such as a scan converter and video monitor is provided which receives, in short time segments, signals from a time compression heterodyne type spectrum analyzer and displays these segments on a raster. Display control circuits generate a vertical sweep signal and fast and slow horizontal sweep signals in synchronism with the short time segments. Successive spectrums are plotted and displayed under the control of the fast horizontal sweep and the vertical sweep while the spectrogram, as of an entire speech utterance, is made up of successive spectrums during the interval of the slow horizontal sweep. Thus a sound spectrogram of each short time interval is produced; there being only a short delay after utterance of the sound before the result appears on the display. The intensity of each frequency in the spectrum during each time segment and over each spectrum (viz., each piece of the spectrogram) is plotted in real time as the speech utterance is produced. The pieces are concatenated such that the perceptual effect is that of a continuous sound spectrogram which unfolds in real time. The frequency-time-intensity plot thus contains fine detail enabling the viewer to observe the characteristics of the speech utterance of interest such that the apparatus is especially suitable for use in speech training as to deaf students.

摘要翻译： 描述了提供频率内容复杂并且在时间上快速变化的诸如语音的信号的实时声谱图的装置。 提供诸如扫描转换器和视频监视器的视觉显示装置，其在短时间段中接收来自时间压缩外差型频谱分析仪的信号，并在光栅上显示这些段。 显示控制电路与短时间段同步产生垂直扫描信号和快速和慢速水平扫描信号。 在快速水平扫描和垂直扫描的控制下绘制并显示连续光谱，而在整个语音发声的频谱图由缓慢水平扫描的间隔期间的连续谱组成。 因此，产生每个短时间间隔的声谱图; 声音发出后，在结果出现在显示屏上之前只有很短的延迟。 随着语音发音的产生，每个时间段和每个频谱（即每个频谱图）中的频谱中的每个频率的强度被实时绘制。 这些片段被连接起来，使得感知效果是连续展开的实时声谱图。 因此，频率 - 时间强度图包含精细的细节，使得观看者能够观察感兴趣的言语发音的特征，使得该装置特别适用于关于聋生的语音训练。