公开(公告)号：US5481622A

公开(公告)日：1996-01-02

申请号：US204008

申请日：1994-03-01

Applicant: Lester A. Gerhardt ,  Ross M. Sabolcik

Inventor： Lester A. Gerhardt ,  Ross M. Sabolcik

IPC: A61B3/113 ,  A61F9/00 ,  G06F3/00 ,  G06F3/01 ,  G06K9/00 ,  G06T7/00

CPC classification number: G06F3/013 ,  A61B3/113 ,  G06K9/00604 ,  G06T7/0018 ,  G06T7/004 ,  A61F2009/0043 ,  G06T2207/30201

Abstract: An eye-tracking system determines the position of a user's pupil and maps this position into a point of regard of the user on an interface device, such as a display screen, or other real-world object by a system comprising a camera for acquiring a video image of the pupil; a frame grabber coupled to the camera for accepting and converting analog video data from the camera to digital pixel data; a computer coupled to the frame grabber for processing the digital pixel data to substantially determine the position of the pupil; a display screen coupled to the computer; and a support connected to the camera and display screen for fixing the relative physical positions thereof relative to the user's pupil. The processing performed by the computer may include the selection of a first pixel intensity threshold for the segmentation of the digital pixel data into first and second groups, where the total pixel area of the first group is selected to be substantially equal to a pre-determined value expected to correspond to the area of a user's pupil. The system may be calibrated by the user's following a cursor on the display screen while the system measures the pupil position for known locations of the cursor.

Abstract translation: 眼睛跟踪系统确定用户的瞳孔的位置，并且通过包括用于获取用户的瞳孔的相机的系统将该位置映射到诸如显示屏幕或其他现实世界对象的接口设备上的用户的一个点 瞳孔的视频图像; 耦合到相机的帧抓取器，用于接收并将模拟视频数据从相机转换为数字像素数据; 耦合到帧采集器的计算机，用于处理数字像素数据以基本上确定光瞳的位置; 耦合到计算机的显示屏幕; 以及连接到相机和显示屏的支撑件，用于固定相对于用户瞳孔的相对物理位置。 由计算机执行的处理可以包括选择用于将数字像素数据分割成第一和第二组的第一像素强度阈值，其中第一组的总像素面积被选择为基本上等于预定的 预期值对应于用户学生的面积。 当系统测量光标的已知位置的瞳孔位置时，系统可以由用户跟随显示屏上的光标进行校准。

公开(公告)号：US3971068A

公开(公告)日：1976-07-20

申请号：US607081

申请日：1975-08-22

Applicant: Lester A. Gerhardt ,  Nelson R. Corby, Jr. ,  Edward M. Sims

Inventor： Lester A. Gerhardt ,  Nelson R. Corby, Jr. ,  Edward M. Sims

IPC: G01R13/22 ,  G06T1/00 ,  G09G5/42 ,  H04N9/43 ,  H04N9/02

CPC classification number: G06T1/0007 ,  G01R13/22 ,  G09G5/42 ,  H04N9/43

Abstract: A portable, low-cost, bichannel image processing and enhancement system t can be programmed to accept two video sources, operate upon one or both simultaneously and deliver an enhanced result to a color monitor. The operations that can be performed on each source include, for example, unity gain, logarithmic amplification and differentiation, and both outputs thereafter can be subjected to such arithmetic operations as addition, subtraction and multiplication. The results are passed through an electronic user programmed window, color encoded by a quantizer and then displayed on a color monitor. The processor includes an area measurement circuit which quantitatively measures the percentage of the screen covered by any of the levels used in the quantizer, a luminance distribution analyzer which generates an histogram approximation to the distribution of grey levels in the image and a luminance cross-section analyzer which displays a graph of the image luminance along a vertical line.

Abstract translation: 便携式，低成本的双通道图像处理和增强系统，其可以被编程为接受两个视频源，同时在一个或两个上操作，并将增强的结果提供给彩色监视器。 可以在每个源上执行的操作包括例如单位增益，对数放大和微分，此后的两个输出可以进行诸如加法，减法和乘法之类的算术运算。 结果通过电子用户编程的窗口，由量化器编码，然后显示在彩色监视器上。 处理器包括面积测量电路，其定量测量由量化器中使用的任何电平覆盖的屏幕的百分比，亮度分布分析器，其产生对图像中的灰度级分布的直方图近似，以及亮度截面 分析仪，其显示沿着垂直线的图像亮度的图。