摘要:
An image forming apparatus, wherein the following formulae are satisfied: 0.22 ≤ ( M / S ) L ≤ 0.4 , ( Q M ) L = Vc ( Lt 2 ɛ 0 ɛ t + Ld ɛ 0 ɛ d ) × ( M S ) L ( Dt max - Dt 0.1 ) { λ × ( M S ) L - 0.1 } ( Lt 2 ɛ 0 ɛ t + Ld ɛ 0 ɛ d ) × ( M S ) L 500 ≤ αβ ≤ ( Dt max - Dt 0.1 ) { λ × ( M S ) L - 0.1 } ( Lt 2 ɛ 0 ɛ t + Ld ɛ 0 ɛ d ) × ( M S ) L 150 αβ ≥ ( Dt max - Dt 0.1 ) { λ × ( M S ) L - 0.1 } 150 where (M/S)L: a toner bearing amount in a maximum density image portion of a photosensitive drum, (Q/M)L: an average charge amount of the toner in the maximum density portion, Vc: an absolute value of a potential difference between a DC-component of a developing bias and the maximum density portion, Lt: a toner layer thickness of the maximum density portion, Ld: a drum thickness, εt: a relative permittivity of the toner layer, εd: a relative permittivity of the drum, ε0: a vacuum permittivity, Dtmax: a transmission density in a maximum density image portion on the paper after fixation, Dt0.1: a transmission density in an image on the paper when the toner bearing amount on the paper after fixation is 0.1 mg/cm2, and λ: a transfer efficiency of the toner, α = ( Dt max - Dt 0.1 ) { λ × ( M S ) L - 0.1 } , and β = 1 / ( Q / M ) L .
摘要:
A duty ratio Du (%), denoted by (T2/(T1+T2))×100, is in the range of 60≦Du≦80; a magnetic carrier has a resistivity ρ which decreases in accordance with an increasing electric field strength, and a relative dielectric constant ∈ which increases in accordance with an increasing electric field strength; a product of a time constant ∈0∈ρ(s) of electric charge decay in an electric field strength E2D decided by a second peak voltage V2 and a dark potential VD, and an electric field strength E2D satisfies a relation of 20≦∈0∈ρ E2D (s·V/cm); and a time constant ∈0∈ρ(s) and a relative dielectric constant ∈ in an electric field strength E1L, which is decided by a first peak voltage V1 and a bright potential VL, satisfy the following relations: ∈0∈ρ(s)≦6.0×10−4, and 30≦∈.
摘要:
A two-component developer containing a magenta toner and a magnetic carrier, wherein the magenta toner has the characteristics: (i) when the concentration of the magenta toner in a solution of the magenta toner in chloroform is represented by Cm (mg/ml) and the absorbance of the solution at a wavelength of 538 nm is represented by A538, a relationship between Cm and A538 satisfies the relationship of 2.00
摘要:
An image forming apparatus including: an image bearing member having a photoconductive layer of a capacitance per unit area of 1.7×10−6 (F/m2) or more; and a developing device having a developer carrying member to which development voltage is applied for developing a latent image to form a toner image on the image bearing member, wherein the following expression is satisfied: Q M ≥ 0.95 × Vcont ( M S ) × ( L t 2 ɛ 0 ɛ t + Ld ɛ 0 ɛ d ) where Q/M (C/g): an electric charge quantity per unit weight of the toner image, Vcont: a potential difference between a surface potential of the image bearing member and a direct current component of the development voltage, M/S (g/m2): a toner weight per unit area of the maximum density portion, Lt (m): a toner layer thickness in the maximum density portion, Ld (m): a photoconductive layer thickness, εt: a relative permittivity of the toner layer, εd: a relative permittivity of the photoconductive layer, and ε0 (F/m): a vacuum permittivity.
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to provide a two-component developer which can achieve a high-definition image with a smaller toner laid-on level than a conventional one, provides a color gamut comparable to that of printing, can respond to an increase in printing speed, and allows an image with a stable tinge to be formed even in long-term use. The object can be achieved by a two-component developer containing a cyan toner and a magnetic carrier, the two-component developer being characterized in that the cyan toner has the following characteristics: (i) when the concentration of the cyan toner in a solution of the cyan toner in chloroform is represented by Cc (mg/ml) and the absorbance of the solution at a wavelength of 712 nm is represented by A712, a relationship between Cc and A712 satisfies the relationship of 2.00
摘要:
A duty ratio Du (%), denoted by (T2/(T1+T2))×100, is in the range of 60≦Du≦80; a magnetic carrier has a resistivity ρ which decreases in accordance with an increasing electric field strength, and a relative dielectric constant ∈ which increases in accordance with an increasing electric field strength; a product of a time constant ∈0∈ρ(s) of electric charge decay in an electric field strength E2D decided by a second peak voltage V2 and a dark potential VD, and an electric field strength E2D satisfies a relation of 20≦∈0∈ρ E2D (s·V/cm); and a time constant ∈0∈ρ(s) and a relative dielectric constant ∈ in an electric field strength E1L, which is decided by a first peak voltage V1 and a bright potential VL, satisfy the following relations: ∈0∈ρ(s)≦6.0×10−4, and 30≦∈.
摘要:
A two-component developer containing a cyan toner and a magnetic carrier, the cyan toner having the following characteristics: (i) when the concentration of the cyan toner in a solution of the cyan toner in chloroform is represented by Cc (mg/ml) and the absorbance of the solution at a wavelength of 712 nm is represented by A712, a relationship between Cc and A712 satisfies the relationship of 2.00
摘要:
An image forming apparatus including: an image bearing member; and a developer bearing member bearing a developer including a toner and a carrier, the developer bearing member developing an electrostatic image formed on the image bearing member with the developer, and the developer bearing member being applied with an alternate voltage in order to form an alternate electric field between the developer bearing member and the image bearing member, wherein assuming that electric field intensities Eb and Ed be Eb=|(Vp1−VL)/D| and Ed=|(Vp2−VL)/D|, a relationship, 0≧K1>K2, is satisfied, where K1: a gradient at Ed, and K2: a gradient at Eb, and wherein a resistivity ρb of the carrier at the electric field intensity Eb satisfies 1.1×106×en
摘要翻译:一种图像形成装置,包括:图像承载部件; 以及承载含有调色剂和载体的显影剂的显影剂承载部件,所述显影剂承载部件用形成有显影剂的图像承载部件上形成的静电图像显影,并且所述显影剂承载部件被施加交替电压以形成交替的 显影剂承载部件和图像承载部件之间的电场,其中假设电场强度Eb和Ed为Eb = |(Vp1-VL)/ D | 和Ed = |(Vp2-VL)/ D |,满足关系式0≥K1> K2,其中K1:Ed处的梯度,K2:Eb处的梯度,其中电阻率&rgr; b 载流子电场强度Eb满足1.1×106×en
摘要:
A two-component developer containing a magenta toner and a magnetic carrier, wherein the magenta toner has the characteristics: (i) when the concentration of the magenta toner in a solution of the magenta toner in chloroform is represented by Cm (mg/ml) and the absorbance of the solution at a wavelength of 538 nm is represented by A538, a relationship between Cm and A538 satisfies the relationship of 2.00
摘要:
A magnetic carrier having magnetic carrier particles each containing at least a magnetic core particle and a resin; the magnetic carrier having a resistivity of from 1.0×106 Ω·cm or more to 1.0×1010 Ω·cm or less at an electric-field intensity of 1.0×103 V/cm as found by measuring dynamic impedance; electric-field intensity E(109) at which the resistivity of the magnetic carrier comes to 1.0×109 Ω·cm being 2.0×104 V/cm or less, and electric-field intensity E(108) at which the resistivity of the magnetic carrier comes to 1.0×108 Ω·cm being from 5.0×103 V/cm or more to 2.8×104 V/cm or less; and the electric-field intensity E(108) and the electric-field intensity E(109) being in a ratio, E(108)/E(109), of from 1.0 or more to 5.0 or less.
摘要翻译:具有磁性载体颗粒的磁性载体,每个磁性载体颗粒至少含有磁芯颗粒和树脂; 磁性载体的电场强度为1.0×10 3 V / cm,电阻率为1.0×10 6Ω·cm·cm〜1.0×10 10Ω·cm·cm以下,通过测定动态阻抗; 磁性载体的电阻率为1.0×109Ω·cm·cm的电场强度E(109)为2.0×10 4 V / cm以下,电场强度E(108)为 磁载体为5.0×10 3 V / cm以上至2.8×10 4 V / cm以下的1.0×10 8Ω·cm·cm。 电场强度E(108)和电场强度E(109)的比例为E(108)/ E(109),为1.0以上且5.0以下。