公开(公告)号：US5931789A

公开(公告)日：1999-08-03

申请号：US797028

申请日：1997-02-07

申请人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Wei Cai ,  Feng Liu ,  Melvin Lax ,  Bidyut B. Das

发明人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Wei Cai ,  Feng Liu ,  Melvin Lax ,  Bidyut B. Das

IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  G01N21/47

CPC分类号： A61B5/7257 ,  A61B5/0073 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  A61B5/0091

摘要： A method for imaging objects in highly scattering turbid media. According to one embodiment of the invention, the method involves using a plurality of intersecting source/detectors sets and time-resolving equipment to generate a plurality of time-resolved intensity curves for the diffusive component of light emergent from the medium. For each of the curves, the intensities at a plurality of times are then inputted into the following inverse reconstruction algorithm to form an image of the medium: ##EQU1## wherein W is a matrix relating output at source and detector positions r.sub.s and r.sub.d, at time t, to position r, .LAMBDA. is a regularization matrix, chosen for convenience to be diagonal, but selected in a way related to the ratio of the noise, to fluctuations in the absorption (or diffusion) X.sub.j that we are trying to determine:.LAMBDA..sub.ij =.lambda..sub.j .delta..sub.ij with .lambda..sub.j = / Y is the data collected at the detectors, and X.sup.k is the kth iterate toward the desired absoption information. An algorithm, which combines a two dimensional (2D) matrix inversion with a one-dimensional (1D) Fourier transform inversion is used to obtain images of three dimensional hidden objects in turbid scattering media.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在高散射混浊介质中成像物体的方法。 根据本发明的一个实施例，该方法包括使用多个相交的源/检测器组和时间分辨设备来产生用于从介质出射的光的漫射分量的多个时间分辨强度曲线。 对于每个曲线，多个时间的强度然后被输入到以下逆重建算法中以形成介质的图像：其中W是在时间t处将源的输出和检测器位置rs和rd相关联的矩阵， 为了定位r，LAMBDA是一个正则化矩阵，为方便起见选择为对角线，但以与噪声的比值与我们试图确定的吸收（或扩散）Xj的波动相关的方式进行选择： LAMBDA ij = lambda j delta ij，其中λj = / Y是在检测器处收集的数据，Xk是朝向期望的吸收信息的第k次迭代。 将二维（2D）矩阵求逆与一维（1D）傅里叶变换反演相结合的算法用于获取浑浊散射介质中三维隐藏物体的图像。

公开(公告)号：US5813988A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-29

申请号：US618471

申请日：1996-03-18

申请人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Wei Cai ,  Feng Liu ,  Melvin Lax ,  Bidyut B. Das

发明人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Wei Cai ,  Feng Liu ,  Melvin Lax ,  Bidyut B. Das

IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  G01N21/47

CPC分类号： A61B5/0073 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  A61B5/0091

摘要： A method for imaging objects in highly scattering turbid media. According to one embodiment of the invention, the method involves using a plurality of intersecting source/detectors sets and time-resolving equipment to generate a plurality of time-resolved intensity curves for the diffusive component of light emergent from the medium. For each of the curves, the intensities at a plurality of times are then inputted into the following inverse reconstruction algorithm to form an image of the medium: X.sup.(k+1).spsp.T =�Y.sup.T W+X.sup.(k).spsp.T .LAMBDA.!�W.sup.T W+.LAMBDA.!.sup.-1 wherein W is a matrix relating output at detector position r.sub.d, at time t, to source at position r.sub.s, .LAMBDA. is a regularization matrix, chosen for convenience to be diagonal, but selected in a way related to the ratio of the noise, to fluctuations in the absorption (or diffusion) X.sub.j that we are trying to determine: .LAMBDA..sub.ij =.lambda..sub.j .delta..sub.ij with .lambda..sub.j = / Here Y is the data collected at the detectors, and X.sup.k is the kth iterate toward the desired absoption information.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在高散射混浊介质中成像物体的方法。 根据本发明的一个实施例，该方法包括使用多个相交的源/检测器组和时间分辨设备来产生用于从介质出射的光的漫射分量的多个时间分辨强度曲线。 对于每个曲线，多个时间的强度然后被输入到以下逆重建算法中以形成介质的图像：X（k + 1）T = [YTW + X（k）T LAMBDA] [WTW + LAMBDA] -1其中W是将检测器位置rd，时间t处的输出与位置rs处的源相关的矩阵，LAMBDA是为了方便对角线选择的正则化矩阵，但是以与 噪声，nn>我们试图确定的吸收（或扩散）Xj的波动：LAMBDA ij = lambda j delta ij与lambda j = / 这里Y是在 检测器和Xk是朝向期望的吸收信息的第k次迭代。

公开(公告)号：US06205353B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-20

申请号：US09218199

申请日：1998-12-22

申请人： R. R. Alfano ,  Wei Cai ,  Melvin Lax

发明人： R. R. Alfano ,  Wei Cai ,  Melvin Lax

IPC分类号： A61B505

CPC分类号： A61B5/0091 ,  A61B5/0073 ,  A61B5/4312 ,  A61B5/7257 ,  G01N21/4795

摘要： A method for imaging objects in a highly scattering turbid medium, such as breast, brain, prostate in human body and clouds, smoke in atmosphere environment, using backscattered light. The method involves using a group of sources and detectors setting on same side of medium to generate a plurality of time-resolved intensity data of backscattered light from the medium. The inverse computation using a reconstruction algorithm, taking the measured data as input, produces a three-dimensional image map of the internal structure of a turbid medium. The invention teaches (1) developing an accurate analytical solution of the Boltzmann photon transport equation in a uniform infinite medium, and its extension to the case of a semi-infinite medium, which serves as a background Green's function for the forward model; (2) building a forward physical model of relationship between measurement of backscattered light and inhomogeneity structure of the medium; (3) designing an inverse algorithm for backscattering tomography; (4) designing experimental setups for breast tumor detection using backscattering tomography; (5) using fsec, psec, and nsec laser pulse with different wavelengths in the near infrared spectral region; and (6) using pico-second time gating system as detectors to collect time-slicing data.

摘要翻译： 用于在高度散射的混浊介质（例如人体和云中的乳腺，脑，前列腺，在大气环境中使用背散射光）中的物体成像的方法。 该方法包括使用在介质的相同侧设置的一组源和检测器来产生来自介质的多个后向散射光的时间分辨强度数据。 使用重建算法的逆计算，以测量数据为输入，产生混浊介质的内部结构的三维图像映射。 本发明教导（1）在均匀无限介质中开发玻尔兹曼光子传输方程的精确解析解，并将其扩展到半无限介质的情况，其作为前向模型的背景格林函数; （2）建立反向散射光测量与介质不均匀结构关系的前向物理模型; （3）设计反向散射断层扫描的逆算法; （4）使用后向散射层析成像设计乳房肿瘤检测实验装置; （5）在近红外光谱区域使用具有不同波长的fsec，psec和nsec激光脉冲; 和（6）使用微秒级门控系统作为检测器来收集时间分割数据。