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公开(公告)号：US6016219A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-18
申请号：US168267
申请日：1998-10-07
Applicant: Mohammad T. Fatehi , Wayne Harvey Knox
Inventor： Mohammad T. Fatehi , Wayne Harvey Knox
CPC classification number: H04B10/032 , H04Q11/0005 , H04J14/0279 , H04J14/0294 , H04Q2011/0011 , H04Q2011/0013 , H04Q2011/0015 , H04Q2011/0039 , H04Q2011/0043 , H04Q2011/0047 , H04Q2011/0081 , H04Q2011/0083
Abstract: An optical line protection switching system is realized by employing a plurality of rare earth-doped fiber optical amplifiers as gain-switched optical connections, for example gain-switched optical distributors, i.e., commutators, and/or gain-switched optical selectors in a gain switched optical line protection switching system. In one embodiment, at least one or more gain switched optical distributors are employed to realize so-called head-end switching of an incoming optical signal and one or more gain switched optical selectors are employed to realize so-called tail-end switching of the optical signal to form a 1.times.1 (1.times.N) optical line protection switching system. In another embodiment, an incoming optical signal is bridged to one or more optical paths, while the tail-end switching is realized by employing one or more gain-switched optical selectors to form a 1+1 (1+N) optical line protection switching system.
Abstract translation: 通过采用多个稀土掺杂光纤放大器作为增益切换光学连接，例如增益切换光分配器，即换向器和/或增益开关光学选择器的增益来实现光线路保护开关系统 交换光线路保护倒换系统。 在一个实施例中，采用至少一个或多个增益切换光分配器来实现进入的光信号的所谓的头端切换，并且采用一个或多个增益交换光选择器来实现所谓的后端切换 光信号形成1x1（1xN）光线路保护倒换系统。 在另一个实施例中，输入光信号被桥接到一个或多个光路，而尾端切换通过采用一个或多个增益切换光学选择器来实现，以形成1 + 1（1 + N）个光线路保护切换 系统。
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公开(公告)号：US5801863A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-01
申请号：US808231
申请日：1997-02-28
Applicant: Mohammad T. Fatehi , Fred Ludwig Heismann
Inventor： Mohammad T. Fatehi , Fred Ludwig Heismann
CPC classification number: H04B10/0777 , H04B10/0773 , H04B2210/075
Abstract: An apparatus is provided for adding a dither signal to an optical carrier modulated with an information signal. The apparatus includes a dithering element having an input and an output in series with an optical carrier modulated with an information signal. A differential element having an inverting input, a non-inverting input, and an output is coupled to the input of the dithering element. A signal generator, which is provided for producing a desired dither signal to be added to the modulated optical carrier, is coupled to the non-inverting input of the differential element. A feedback element produces a signal related to the output of the dithering element and couples the signal related to the output of the dithering element to the inverting input of the differential element.
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公开(公告)号：US5673142A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-30
申请号：US692296
申请日：1996-08-01
Applicant: Mohammad T. Fatehi , Hossein Izadpanah
Inventor： Mohammad T. Fatehi , Hossein Izadpanah
CPC classification number: H01S3/06758 , H04B10/077 , H04B10/07955 , H01S2301/06 , H01S3/10015 , H01S3/1301
Abstract: An optical monitor tap in fiber optical amplifiers is achieved in a configuration with internal input signal monitoring taps, in accordance with the principles of the invention, by placing the tap some distance into the actual optical amplifier active fiber. This allows the system to minor the integrity of the amplifier without impairing the quality of the associated signal. In an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, the amplifier is generally comprised of a long piece of rare-earth material doped fiber to which a fiber optic pump source is coupled via a wavelength divisional multiplexer (WDM) coupler. The tap is placed at some distance from the input of the fiber amplifier. The distance should be small enough such that there has been amplification of the signal but not so much as to have the signal saturated or compressed.
Abstract translation: 根据本发明的原理，通过将抽头一些距离放置到实际的光放大器有源光纤中，在具有内部输入信号监视抽头的配置中实现光纤放大器中的光学监视器抽头。 这允许系统降低放大器的完整性，而不会损害相关信号的质量。 在本发明的说明性实施例中，放大器通常由掺杂有稀土材料的光纤组成，光纤泵浦源通过波分复用器（WDM）耦合器耦合到光纤上。 水龙头放置在离光纤放大器输入一定距离处。 距离应该足够小，使得已经放大了信号，但是信号没有被饱和或被压缩。
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公开(公告)号：US5959767A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-28
申请号：US777890
申请日：1996-12-31
Applicant: Mohammad T. Fatehi , Wayne Harvey Knox
Inventor： Mohammad T. Fatehi , Wayne Harvey Knox
CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 , H04Q2011/0011 , H04Q2011/0013 , H04Q2011/0015 , H04Q2011/0018 , H04Q2011/0039 , H04Q2011/0047 , H04Q2011/0052 , H04Q2011/0083
Abstract: A loss-less optical cross-connect advantageously employs a plurality of optical rare earth-doped fiber optical amplifiers as gain-switched optical connections, for example, gain-switched optical distributors and gain-switched optical selectors. Each of the optical rare earth-doped fiber optical amplifiers acts as an ON/OFF switch. Also, both the gain-switched optical distributors and selectors employed in the optical cross-connect arrangement of this invention are a natural fit into today's optically amplified optical communication systems. In one embodiment, this is realized by employing a pump select circuit in conjunction with a plurality of pumps and the plurality of corresponding rare earth-doped fiber optical amplifiers. The particular pump and corresponding optical amplifier are selected by use of a control circuit arrangement to determine which output port or ports is (are) connected to the input port. The rare earth-doped fiber optical amplifiers and the corresponding pumps are employed advantageously for both the gain-switched optical distributors and the gain-switched optical selectors. In another embodiment, a so-called tuned pump arrangement is employed in conjunction with a plurality of filters and a corresponding plurality of rare earth-doped fiber optical amplifiers. A pump tuning arrangement is employed to control the tunable pump in order to select the appropriate one of a plurality of optical amplifiers to be activated, thus routing the input signals at any of a plurality of given wavelengths to the corresponding output line (or lines if broadcasting capability is employed). Again, the rare earth-doped fiber optical amplifiers and the corresponding pumps are employed advantageously for both the gain-switched optical distributors and the gain-switched optical selectors.
Abstract translation: 无损光学交叉连接有利地使用多个光稀土掺杂光纤放大器作为增益切换光学连接，例如增益开关光分配器和增益开关光学选择器。 每个光稀土掺杂光纤放大器用作ON / OFF开关。 此外，本发明的光学交叉连接装置中采用的增益开关光分配器和选择器都是天然适合当今光学放大的光通信系统。 在一个实施例中，这通过结合多个泵和多个对应的稀土掺杂光纤放大器采用泵选择电路来实现。 通过使用控制电路装置来选择特定的泵和相应的光放大器，以确定哪个输出端口连接到输入端口。 稀土掺杂光纤放大器和对应的泵有利地用于增益开关光分配器和增益开关光学选择器。 在另一个实施例中，所谓的调谐泵装置与多个滤波器和相应的多个稀土掺杂光纤放大器结合使用。 采用泵调谐装置来控制可调谐泵，以便选择要激活的多个光放大器中适当的一个，从而将多个给定波长中的任何一个的输入信号路由到相应的输出线（或者，如果 广播能力）。 再次，稀土掺杂光纤放大器和相应的泵有利地用于增益开关光分配器和增益开关光学选择器。
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公开(公告)号：US5930013A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-27
申请号：US777891
申请日：1996-12-31
Applicant: Mohammad T. Fatehi , Wayne Harvey Knox
Inventor： Mohammad T. Fatehi , Wayne Harvey Knox
CPC classification number: H01S3/094003 , H04Q11/0005 , H01S3/06754 , H04Q2011/0009 , H04Q2011/0011 , H04Q2011/0013 , H04Q2011/0015 , H04Q2011/0018
Abstract: A gain-switched optical selector is realized by employing an optical rare earth-doped fiber optical amplifier as the switching element per se. Each of the optical rare earth-doped optical amplifiers acts as an ON/OFF switch. Also, the gain-switched optical selector of this invention is a natural fit into today's optically amplified optical communication systems. In one embodiment, this is realized by employing a pump select circuit in conjunction with a plurality of pumps and a plurality of corresponding rare earth-doped fiber optical amplifiers. The particular pump and corresponding optical amplifier are selected by use of a monitor arrangement to determine which signal is to be selected and routed to an output. In another embodiment, a so-called tuned pump arrangement is employed in conjunction with a plurality of filters and a corresponding plurality of rare earth-doped fiber optical amplifiers. A pump tuning arrangement is employed to control the tunable pump in order to select the appropriate one of a plurality of optical input signals at any of a plurality of given wavelengths.
Abstract translation: 增益开关光选择器通过采用光稀土掺杂光纤放大器作为开关元件本身实现。 每个光学稀土掺杂光放大器用作ON / OFF开关。 此外，本发明的增益切换光学选择器是当今光学放大的光通信系统中的天然适配。 在一个实施例中，这通过结合多个泵和多个对应的稀土掺杂光纤放大器采用泵选择电路来实现。 通过使用监视装置来选择特定的泵和对应的光放大器，以确定哪个信号被选择并被路由到输出。 在另一个实施例中，所谓的调谐泵装置与多个滤波器和相应的多个稀土掺杂光纤放大器结合使用。 采用泵调谐装置来控制可调谐泵，以便以多个给定波长中的任何一个选择多个光输入信号中适当的一个。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US5892606A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-06
申请号：US808230
申请日：1997-02-28
Applicant: Mohammad T. Fatehi , Fred Ludwig Heismann
Inventor： Mohammad T. Fatehi , Fred Ludwig Heismann
CPC classification number: H04B10/0777 , H04B10/0773 , H04B2210/075
Abstract: An apparatus is provided for adding a dither signal to an optical carrier modulated with an information signal. The apparatus includes a dithering element having an input and an output in series with an optical carrier modulated with an information signal. A differential element having an inverting input, a non-inverting input, and an output is coupled to the input of the dithering element. A signal generator, which is provided for producing a desired dither signal to be added to the modulated optical carrier, is coupled to the non-inverting input of the differential element. A feedback element produces a signal related to the output of the dithering element and couples the signal related to the output of the dithering element to the inverting input of the differential element.
Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于将抖动信号添加到用信息信号调制的光载波的装置。 该装置包括具有与由信息信号调制的光载波串联的输入和输出的抖动元件。 具有反相输入，非反相输入和输出的差分元件耦合到抖动元件的输入端。 提供用于产生要添加到调制光载波的所需抖动信号的信号发生器耦合到差分元件的非反相输入端。 反馈元件产生与抖动元件的输出相关的信号，并且将与抖动元件的输出有关的信号耦合到差分元件的反相输入端。
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公开(公告)号：US5745274A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-28
申请号：US579529
申请日：1995-12-27
Applicant: Mohammad T. Fatehi , Fred Ludwig Heismann
Inventor： Mohammad T. Fatehi , Fred Ludwig Heismann
CPC classification number: H04B10/0777 , H04B10/0773 , H04B2210/075
Abstract: An apparatus is provided for adding a dither signal to an optical carrier modulated with an information signal. The apparatus includes a dithering element having an input and an output in series with an optical carrier modulated with an information signal. A differential element having an inverting input, a non-inverting input, and an output is coupled to the input of the dithering element. A signal generator, which is provided for producing a desired dither signal to be added to the modulated optical carrier, is coupled to the non-inverting input of the differential element. A feedback element produces a signal related to the output of the dithering element and couples the signal related to the output of the dithering element to the inverting input of the differential element.
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公开(公告)号：US4878726A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-07
申请号：US269289
申请日：1988-11-10
Applicant: Mohammad T. Fatehi
Inventor： Mohammad T. Fatehi
CPC classification number: H04B10/032
Abstract: To prevent an interruption of service due to a break in an optical fiber, the information being transmitted is normally sent along two diversely routed lightwave paths using two complete transmitter sections, one for each path. Briefly, in this invention a single optical transmitter which can be an optical modulator such as a lithium niolate switch is used to impress a digital signal on a CW optical beam to obtain two digital optical outputs. One output is normally used as the modulated line signal for one of two diversely routed paths. The other output, which is the complement of the modulated signal, is used as the modulated line signal for the other of the two diversely routed paths. When the complement of the signal is detected, complementation can be performed to retrieve the original bit pattern. The advantages over the prior art are significant. For example, only one tansmitter is required. The laser is on continuously and, therefore, there is no chirp. The power (average) is directed 50% of the time to one output and 50% of the time to the other output. Thus, power loss is at a minimum.
Abstract translation: 为了防止由于光纤中断造成的服务中断，正在发送的信息通常使用两个完整的发射机部分沿着两个不同路由的光波路径发送，每个路径一个。 简而言之，在本发明中，使用可以是诸如锂镍氢开关的光调制器的单个光发射机，以将数字信号压印在CW光束上以获得两个数字光输出。 一个输出通常用作两个不同路由路径之一的调制线路信号。 作为调制信号的补码的另一个输出被用作两个不同路由路径中的另一个的调制线信号。 当检测到信号的补码时，可以执行补码以检索原始位模式。 与现有技术相比的优点是显着的。 例如，只需要一个tansmitter。 激光器是连续的，因此没有啁啾声。 功率（平均值）指向一个输出的50％的时间，另一个输出的时间的50％。 因此，功率损耗最小。
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公开(公告)号：US5815613A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-29
申请号：US777894
申请日：1996-12-31
Applicant: Mohammad T. Fatehi , Wayne Harvey Knox
Inventor： Mohammad T. Fatehi , Wayne Harvey Knox
CPC classification number: H04Q11/0001
Abstract: A gain-switched optical distributor, i.e., commutator, is realized by employing an optical rare earth-doped fiber optical amplifier as the switching element per se. Each of the optical rare earth-doped fiber optical amplifiers acts as an ON/OFF switch. Also, the gain-switched optical distributor of this invention is a natural fit into today's optically amplified optical communication systems. In one embodiment, this is realized by employing a pump select circuit in conjunction with a plurality of pumps and a plurality of corresponding rare earth-doped fiber optical amplifiers. The particular pump and corresponding amplifier is selected by use of a monitor arrangement to determine which signal is to be selected and routed to an output. In another embodiment, a so-called tuned pump arrangement is employed in conjunction with a plurality of filters and a corresponding plurality of rare earth-doped fiber optical amplifiers. A pump tuning arrangement is employed to control the tunable pump in order to select the appropriate one of a plurality of optical input signals at any of a plurality of given wavelengths.
Abstract translation: 通过采用光稀土掺杂光纤放大器作为开关元件本身，实现增益开关光分配器即换向器。 每个光稀土掺杂光纤放大器用作ON / OFF开关。 此外，本发明的增益切换光分配器是当今光放大光通信系统中的天然适配。 在一个实施例中，这通过结合多个泵和多个对应的稀土掺杂光纤放大器采用泵选择电路来实现。 通过使用监视装置来选择特定的泵和相应的放大器，以确定哪个信号被选择并被路由到输出。 在另一个实施例中，所谓的调谐泵装置与多个滤波器和相应的多个稀土掺杂光纤放大器结合使用。 采用泵调谐装置来控制可调谐泵，以便以多个给定波长中的任何一个选择多个光输入信号中适当的一个。
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公开(公告)号：US5537243A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-16
申请号：US168317
申请日：1993-12-17
Applicant: Mohammad T. Fatehi , Clinton R. Giles
Inventor： Mohammad T. Fatehi , Clinton R. Giles
CPC classification number: G02F3/026 , G11C11/42 , H01S3/06754 , H01S3/083 , H01S5/32
Abstract: An all-optical flip-flop device is achieved by employing two optical amplifiers arranged so that they together operate in only one of two stable states at a given time. In a first stable state of operation, the first optical amplifier behaves as a laser having a first predetermined characteristic wavelength. The arrangement is switched to a second stable state of operation in which the second optical amplifier behaves as a laser having a second characteristic wavelength, where the first and second characteristic wavelengths are at least nominally different, when an optical signal pulse is received at the input of the first optical amplifier. The arrangement is switched back to the first stable state when an optical signal pulse is received at the input of the second optical amplifier.
Abstract translation: 通过使用两个光放大器来实现全光学触发器装置，使得它们在给定时间内仅在两个稳定状态中一个操作。 在第一稳定状态下，第一光放大器作为具有第一预定特征波长的激光器。 该布置被切换到第二稳定操作状态，其中当在输入处接收到光信号脉冲时，第二光放大器表现为具有第二特征波长的激光，其中第一和第二特征波长至少在名义上不同 的第一个光放大器。 当在第二光放大器的输入处接收到光信号脉冲时，该布置被切换回第一稳定状态。
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