Abstract:
An electronic control unit, in an idle operating state, detects a crankshaft rotation fluctuation in each cylinder using a crank angle sensor, and updates an individual correction value for a control value for each fuel injection valve as a first learned value such that a degree of deviation in the crankshaft rotation fluctuation among the cylinders reduces. The electronic control unit uses a fuel pressure sensor to detect a manner of a fuel pressure fluctuation with fuel injection by each fuel injection valve, and updates an individual correction value for a control value for each fuel injection valve as a second learned value based on a result of comparison between a detected temporal waveform and a basic temporal waveform. In an idle operating state, a learning rate of the second learned value is reduced until the first learned value converges for the first time as compared with after its convergence.
Abstract:
An apparatus extracts a main waveform component and a branch waveform component from a pressure waveform detected by a fuel pressure sensor. The main waveform component is caused by pressure change traveling in a main passage. The branch waveform component is caused by pressure change traveling in a branch passage. The apparatus calculates traveling speeds based on the components. Then, the apparatus estimates a main passage temperature based on a detected value of the fuel temperature sensor, the traveling speeds, the fuel pressure waveform and an average pressure.
Abstract:
An electronic control unit, in an idle operating state, detects a crankshaft rotation fluctuation in each cylinder using a crank angle sensor, and updates an individual correction value for a control value for each fuel injection valve as a first learned value such that a degree of deviation in the crankshaft rotation fluctuation among the cylinders reduces. The electronic control unit uses a fuel pressure sensor to detect a manner of a fuel pressure fluctuation with fuel injection by each fuel injection valve, and updates an individual correction value for a control value for each fuel injection valve as a second learned value based on a result of comparison between a detected temporal waveform and a basic temporal waveform. In an idle operating state, a learning rate of the second learned value is reduced until the first learned value converges for the first time as compared with after its convergence.
Abstract:
A control apparatus includes a learning portion which learns a control parameter by correcting a learning vector consisting of a plurality of variables and a control parameter based on a measurement vector. The control apparatus further includes an interpolation portion which computes the control parameter corresponding to current variables which represent a current environmental condition by interpolating the control parameter learned by the learning portion. The interpolation portion includes a selecting portion which selects three learning vectors from a plurality of learning vectors, and which computes the control parameter corresponding to the current variables by interpolating the control parameters on a flat surface including the selected three learning vectors.
Abstract:
A learning device learns a control parameter (e.g., injection start response delay), which is used for deciding a control content of an injector (controlled object), in relation to a criterion variable (e.g., fuel pressure). The learning device has a storing section for storing a learning vector consisting of the control parameter and the criterion variable. The learning device has a measurement vector obtaining section for obtaining a measurement vector consisting of a measurement value of the control parameter and a measurement value of the criterion variable. The learning device has a correcting section for correcting the learning vector based on the measurement vector and for performing storing and updating of the learning vector in the storing section.
Abstract:
A fuel injection detecting device computes a maximum-fuel-injection-rate-reach timing and a fuel-injection-rate-decrease-start timing based on a falling waveform of the fuel pressure and a rising waveform of the fuel pressure. The falling waveform represents the fuel pressure detected by a fuel sensor during a period in which the fuel pressure increases due to a fuel injection rate decrease. The rising waveform represents the fuel pressure detected by the fuel sensor during a period in which the fuel pressure decreases due to a fuel injection rate increase. The rising waveform and the falling waveform are respectively modeled by modeling function. In a case of small fuel injection quantity, an intersection timing at which lines expressed by the modeling functions intersect with each other is defined as the maximum-fuel-injection-rate-reach timing and the fuel-injection-rate-decrease-start timing.
Abstract:
An apparatus extracts a main waveform component and a branch waveform component from a pressure waveform detected by a fuel pressure sensor. The main waveform component is caused by pressure change traveling in a main passage. The branch waveform component is caused by pressure change traveling in a branch passage. The apparatus calculates traveling speeds based on the components. Then, the apparatus estimates a main passage temperature based on a detected value of the fuel temperature sensor, the traveling speeds, the fuel pressure waveform and an average pressure.
Abstract:
A communication apparatus includes a first communicating part that reads data stored in a storage device of an outside apparatus and writes data in the storage device of the outside apparatus, a second communicating part that transmits and receives data with respect to the outside apparatus, and an operation controlling part that operates either the first communicating part or the second communicating part. The operation controlling part is configured to operate the first communicating part when power is supplied to the communication apparatus and operate the second communicating part when power is not supplied to the communication apparatus.
Abstract:
A waveform detector detects a variation in fuel pressure based on a detection value of a fuel pressure sensor as a fuel pressure waveform. A determining portion determines whether an interval between injections is zero or smaller than a predetermined value based on the detected fuel pressure waveform when multi-step-injection is performed. A correcting portion corrects an injection command signal indicative of an injection start timing and an injection end timing corresponding to a target injection state in a manner that the interval is increased when the interval is determined to be zero or smaller than the predetermined value.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method of analyzing albumin in a sample solution, which is characterized by pretreating a sample solution before subjecting the sample solution to mass spectrometry or liquid chromatography. The present invention further provides a method of accurately and stably analyzing the amount and ratio of oxidized and reduced albumin in a sample solution, and an albumin standard accurate and controlled quantitative analysis of albumin.