公开(公告)号：US5183542A

公开(公告)日：1993-02-02

申请号：US461578

申请日：1990-01-05

申请人： John F. Jackovitz ,  Richard P. Kunkle ,  Steven H. Peterson

发明人： John F. Jackovitz ,  Richard P. Kunkle ,  Steven H. Peterson

IPC分类号： B01D59/42 ,  G21C3/07

CPC分类号： B01D59/42 ,  G21C3/07 ,  Y02E30/40

摘要： Both a method and apparatus for separating zirconium isotopes by balanced ion migration in a counterflowing electrolyte are disclosed herein. In the method of the invention, zirconium chloride is dissolved in a solution of HCl, and a voltage of between 2 and 50 volts is applied across the electrolyte to create a flow of zirconium ions toward the cathode, and a counterflow of chlorine ions toward the anode which is balanced such that the lighter weight isotopes of zirconium migrate toward the cathode while the heavier weight zirconium isotopes stay in the vicinity of the anode. The apparatus of the invention includes a polarizing assembly formed from a bundle of small diameter glass tubes aligned between the anode and the cathode. The internal shape of the tubes impedes kinetic agitation movement of the zirconium ions in all directions except in the direction between the anode and the cathode, thereby expediting the separation process. Glass frits are used to partition off the electrolyte in the region of both the anode and the cathode so that the isotopes which eventually accumulate in these regions may be drawn off with a minimum of fluid agitation.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了通过在逆流电解质中的平衡离子迁移分离锆同位素的方法和装置。 在本发明的方法中，将氯化锆溶解在HCl溶液中，并且在电解液之间施加2至50伏的电压以产生朝向阴极的锆离子流，并且将氯离子逆向向 阳极平衡，使得较轻的锆的同位素向阴极迁移，而较重的锆同位素停留在阳极附近。 本发明的装置包括一个偏振组件，该偏振组件由一排在阳极和阴极之间排列的小直径玻璃管组成。 管的内部形状阻止锆离子在除了阳极和阴极之间的方向上的所有方向上的动力学搅拌运动，从而加速了分离过程。 使用玻璃料将阳极和阴极区域中的电解质分隔开，使得最终在这些区域中积聚的同位素可以用最少的流体搅动排出。

公开(公告)号：US4639401A

公开(公告)日：1987-01-27

申请号：US832785

申请日：1986-02-26

申请人： John F. Jackovitz ,  Richard P. Kunkle

发明人： John F. Jackovitz ,  Richard P. Kunkle

IPC分类号： H01M8/08 ,  H01M8/10

CPC分类号： H01M8/08

摘要： A phosphoric acid fuel cell having an improved electrolyte comprising concentrated H.sub.3 PO.sub.4 and at least 0.5 wt. percent lauryl dimethyl amine.

摘要翻译： 一种具有改进的电解质的磷酸燃料电池，其包含浓缩的H 3 PO 4和至少0.5wt。 月桂基二甲基胺。

公开(公告)号：US06576905B2

公开(公告)日：2003-06-10

申请号：US09881644

申请日：2001-06-14

申请人： Harold S. Lessure ,  Richard A. Evans ,  Richard P. Kunkle ,  Dale M. Matuza

发明人： Harold S. Lessure ,  Richard A. Evans ,  Richard P. Kunkle ,  Dale M. Matuza

IPC分类号： G01B902

CPC分类号： G01N21/23

摘要： An assembly and method provide sensitive high speed spectroscopic gas detection via the use of a non-collimated convergent light path through a birefringent crystal in a birefringent filter design to allow improved light collection and a reduction in the number of optical elements required to produce a useful absorption signal for the detection of gases.

公开(公告)号：US4902401A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-20

申请号：US301412

申请日：1989-01-25

申请人： Ching-Yu Lin ,  Richard P. Kunkle

发明人： Ching-Yu Lin ,  Richard P. Kunkle

IPC分类号： G01N27/406 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/417

CPC分类号： G01N27/417 ,  G01N27/4074

摘要： A solid electrolyte dual gas sensor (10) is made, containing a container body of a first solid electrolyte (11), in contact with a monitor electrode (17) exposed to a monitored gas environment (13) containing selected gas components to be measured and in contact with a reference electrode (15) which is additionally isolated from the monitored gas environment by a second solid electrolyte section (16), and optionally section (14), where the solid electrolyte section (16) is disposed within a ceramic oxide matrix material (25) where the matrix contains interconnected pores filled with electrolyte, and where the second solid electrolyte, at the operating temperature of the gas sensor, is effective to dissociate to provide the sole source of self-generated reference gases at the reference electrode (15).

摘要翻译： 制成固体电解质双气体传感器（10），其包含第一固体电解质（11）的容器体，与暴露于被监测的气体环境（13）的监测电极（17）相接触，所述监测气体环境（13）包含所选择的待测气体成分 并且与通过第二固体电解质部分（16）另外与所监测的气体环境隔离的参考电极（15）接触，以及任选的部分（14），其中固体电解质部分（16）设置在陶瓷氧化物 基质材料（25），其中基质包含填充有电解质的互连孔，并且其中第二固体电解质在气体传感器的操作温度下有效解离以在参考电极处提供自产生的参考气体的唯一来源 （15）。

公开(公告)号：US5380467A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-10

申请号：US856679

申请日：1992-03-19

申请人： Ching-Yu Lin ,  Richard P. Kunkle ,  William Feduska

发明人： Ching-Yu Lin ,  Richard P. Kunkle ,  William Feduska

IPC分类号： B01D53/32 ,  C04B35/486 ,  C04B41/50 ,  C04B41/87 ,  H01B1/06 ,  C04B35/48

CPC分类号： C04B41/009 ,  B01D53/326 ,  C04B35/486 ,  C04B41/5042 ,  C04B41/87 ,  C04B2111/00801

摘要： Methods of and apparatus for generating high purity oxygen. Employed for this purpose is a "membrane cell" comprised of a praseodymia-modified, yttria-stabilized zirconia film that is fabricated onto a porous support, typically a tube of calcia-stabilized zirconia. This cell has the capability of "pumping" oxygen. As a consequence, oxygen in a pressurized fluid stream on the outer face of the membrane can be extracted from that stream and pumped as oxygen ions through the membrane without parasitic electric power and then released on the opposite side of the porous support tube as pure (electrolytic grade) oxygen. Extraction of pure oxygen continues as long as an oxygen partial pressure differential is maintained across the mixed conduction, "shorted" membrane. Oxygen thus produced can be used in industrial processes--for example, in coal gasification--or for other purposes.

摘要翻译： 产生高纯氧的方法和设备。 用于此目的的是一种“膜电池”，其由经修饰的氧化钇稳定的氧化锆薄膜组成，其被制造在多孔载体上，通常为钙稳定氧化锆管。 该电池具有“泵送”氧气的能力。 因此，膜的外表面上的加压流体物流中的氧气可以从该物流中提取出来，并以氧离子的形式通过膜泵送而无需寄生电力，然后在多孔支撑管的相对侧作为纯（ 电解级）氧气。 只要在混合传导“短路”膜上保持氧分压差，纯氧的提取就会持续。 如此生产的氧气可用于工业过程中，例如在煤气化中或用于其他目的。

公开(公告)号：US4902402A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-20

申请号：US330548

申请日：1989-03-30

申请人： Alfred R. Pebler ,  Ching-Yu Lin ,  Richard P. Kunkle

发明人： Alfred R. Pebler ,  Ching-Yu Lin ,  Richard P. Kunkle

IPC分类号： G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/417

CPC分类号： G01N27/417

摘要： A solid NaCl or KCl electrolyte electrochemical concentration cell assembly (20) for measuring monitored gases (38) containing oxygen or a chlorine containing component is divided into two identical alkali ion conductive half cells (22) and (24) where each half cell has solid electrolyte (23) and (25) that consists essentially of NaCl, KCl, or their mixture and is secured to opposite surfaces of the closed end of a solid membrane (36) exhibiting sodium or potassium ion conductivity. The membrane (36) effectively isolates the monitored gases (38) contacting one half cell from a reference gas environment (40) contacting the other half cell.

摘要翻译： 用于测量含氧或含氯组分的监测气体（38）的固体NaCl或KCl电解质电化学浓度电池组件（20）被分成两个相同的碱离子导电半电池（22）和（24），其中每个半电池具有固体 电解质（23）和（25），其基本上由NaCl，KCl或它们的混合物组成，并且固定在显示钠或钾离子传导性的固体膜（36）的封闭端的相对表面上。 膜（36）有效地将接触一个半电池的监测气体（38）与接触另一半电池的参考气体环境（40）隔离。