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公开(公告)号:US07958044B2
公开(公告)日:2011-06-07
申请号:US12774208
申请日:2010-05-05
申请人: Martin R. Watts , Luke Halestrap , Lionnel Pradier , Julia Chislenko , Pawel M. Lewicki , Ronald Levin
发明人: Martin R. Watts , Luke Halestrap , Lionnel Pradier , Julia Chislenko , Pawel M. Lewicki , Ronald Levin
IPC分类号: G06Q40/00
CPC分类号: G06Q40/06 , G06Q30/0283 , G06Q40/00 , G06Q40/04 , G06Q40/08
摘要: A method for determining the implied volatility of a swap option employs intuitive factors to arrive at a close approximate of volatility. The volatility curve is a convex shaped curve which more closely follows real market volatility than previous methods. The slope of the curve is provided by employing a premium model which allows for a correlation between rates and volatility. The convex shaped curve is arrived by assuming a lognormal distribution for the underlying volatility.
摘要翻译: 用于确定互换期权隐含波动率的方法采用直观因素来达到波动率的近似近似值。 波动率曲线是一个凸形曲线,其更接近真实的市场波动率,比以前的方法。 曲线的斜率通过采用允许利率和波动率之间的相关性的溢价模型来提供。 通过假设基本波动率的对数正态分布来达到凸形曲线。
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公开(公告)号:US20100299282A1
公开(公告)日:2010-11-25
申请号:US12774208
申请日:2010-05-05
申请人: Martin R. Watts , Luke Halestrap , Lionnel Pradier , Julia Chislenko , Pawel M. Lewicki , Ronald Levin
发明人: Martin R. Watts , Luke Halestrap , Lionnel Pradier , Julia Chislenko , Pawel M. Lewicki , Ronald Levin
IPC分类号: G06Q40/00
CPC分类号: G06Q40/06 , G06Q30/0283 , G06Q40/00 , G06Q40/04 , G06Q40/08
摘要: A method for determining the implied volatility of a swap option employs intuitive factors to arrive at a close approximate of volatility. The volatility curve is a convex shaped curve which more closely follows real market volatility than previous methods. The slope of the curve is provided by employing a premium model which allows for a correlation between rates and volatility. The convex shaped curve is arrived by assuming a lognormal distribution for the underlying volatility.
摘要翻译: 用于确定互换期权隐含波动率的方法采用直观因素来达到波动率的近似近似值。 波动率曲线是一个凸形曲线,其更接近真实的市场波动率,比以前的方法。 曲线的斜率通过采用允许利率和波动率之间的相关性的溢价模型来提供。 通过假设基本波动率的对数正态分布来达到凸形曲线。
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公开(公告)号:US20070134570A1
公开(公告)日:2007-06-14
申请号:US11300065
申请日:2005-12-14
申请人: James Hartman , Laura Kierstein , Dat Nguyen , Ronald Levin , Weimei Luo-Gheleta , Tanya Thames
发明人: James Hartman , Laura Kierstein , Dat Nguyen , Ronald Levin , Weimei Luo-Gheleta , Tanya Thames
IPC分类号: G03G5/047
CPC分类号: G03G5/0564 , G03G5/0567 , G03G5/0616 , G03G5/0672
摘要: A photoconductor with a charge transport layer having about 20-25% by weight of 4-N,N-bis(4-methylphenyl)-amino-benzaldehyde-N′,N′-diphenylhydrazone is in an essentially standard resin binder, such as a polycarbonate resin binder. Electrical characteristics are those of the larger amounts using conventional charge transport agents, and the larger amount of binder provides much improved wear resistance and consequently longer useful life of the photoconductor. Charge transport layers with only the foregoing bis-methyl material do exhibit moderate fatigue upon exposure to light. However, this can be overcome by adding 0.5% or less of a fluorenyl-azine as a light absorber, specifically 9-(p-diethylaminobenzylidenehydrazono)fluorene, in the charge transport layer. No antioxidant is required for electrical stability improvement.
摘要翻译: 具有电荷输送层的感光体具有约20-25重量%的4-N,N-双(4-甲基苯基) - 氨基 - 苯甲醛-N',N'-二苯基腙,为基本上标准的树脂粘合剂,例如 聚碳酸酯树脂粘合剂。 电气特性是使用常规电荷传输剂的较大量的电特性,并且较大量的粘合剂提供了大大改善的耐磨性并因此延长了光电导体的使用寿命。 仅具有上述双甲基材料的电荷输送层在暴露于光时确实表现出适度的疲劳。 然而,通过在电荷输送层中加入0.5%以下的芴基吖嗪作为光吸收剂,特别是9-(对二乙基氨基亚苄基亚肼基)芴可以克服这一点。 电气稳定性改善无需抗氧化剂。
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公开(公告)号:US07739187B2
公开(公告)日:2010-06-15
申请号:US12437070
申请日:2009-05-07
申请人: Martin R. Watts , Luke Halestrap , Lionnel Pradier , Julia Chislenko , Pawel M. Lewicki , Ronald Levin
发明人: Martin R. Watts , Luke Halestrap , Lionnel Pradier , Julia Chislenko , Pawel M. Lewicki , Ronald Levin
IPC分类号: G06Q40/00
CPC分类号: G06Q40/06 , G06Q30/0283 , G06Q40/00 , G06Q40/04 , G06Q40/08
摘要: A method for determining the implied volatility of a swap option employs intuitive factors to arrive at a close approximation of volatility. The volatility curve is a convex shaped curve which more closely follows real market volatility than previous methods. The slope of the curve is provided by employing a premium model which allows for a correlation between rates and volatility. The convex shaped curve is arrived by assuming a lognormal distribution for the underlying volatility.
摘要翻译: 用于确定互换选项的隐含波动率的方法采用直观因素来达到波动率的近似值。 波动率曲线是一个凸形曲线,其更接近真实的市场波动率,比以前的方法。 曲线的斜率通过采用允许利率和波动率之间的相关性的溢价模型来提供。 通过假设基本波动率的对数正态分布来达到凸形曲线。
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