公开(公告)号：US06382910B1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-07

申请号：US09695905

申请日：2000-10-26

申请人： Takashi Kato ,  Katsumi Kawano ,  Toru Shimba ,  Tadao Hiyama ,  Hiroshi Tsuji ,  Seiichiro Yoshinaga ,  Hiroshi Asakura ,  Nobuyoshi Saji ,  Takehiko Ishizawa

发明人： Takashi Kato ,  Katsumi Kawano ,  Toru Shimba ,  Tadao Hiyama ,  Hiroshi Tsuji ,  Seiichiro Yoshinaga ,  Hiroshi Asakura ,  Nobuyoshi Saji ,  Takehiko Ishizawa

IPC分类号： F01D1712

CPC分类号： F01D17/165 ,  Y10S62/91

摘要： An adiabatic expansion apparatus 22 with a built-in turbine impeller 12 adiabatically expands gas at a cryogenic temperature when the impeller rotates. A control device 24 is connected coaxially with the turbine impeller to control the impeller. A variable nozzle mechanism 30 is provided for varying the throat area for the gas at a cryogenic temperature to be introduced into the turbine impeller. The adiabatic expansion apparatus is installed in a vacuum vessel 14, and a control device is disposed outside the vacuum vessel. The variable nozzle mechanism comprises a nozzle component 32 built into the adiabatic expansion apparatus, and a driving component 34 installed outside the vacuum vessel. The nozzle component and the driving component are connected to the turbine impeller with a coaxial, thin cylindrical component 36, and drive the nozzle component when the cylindrical component rotates about the axis Z of the turbine impeller. The actuator and most of components of the nozzle driving mechanism can be installed at normal temperature under atmospheric pressure, the heat input can be suppressed to an extremely minimal level, and the variable nozzle of the expansion turbine can be driven. Thus, according to the invention, helium gas at a cryogenic temperature can be expanded adiabatically at a high adiabatic efficiency.

摘要翻译： 具有内置涡轮叶轮12的绝热膨胀装置22在叶轮旋转时在低温下绝热膨胀气体。 控制装置24与涡轮机叶轮同轴地连接以控制叶轮。 提供可变喷嘴机构30，用于改变在低温下气体的喉部区域，以引入涡轮叶轮。 绝热膨胀装置安装在真空容器14中，控制装置设置在真空容器的外部。 可变喷嘴机构包括内置于绝热膨胀装置中的喷嘴部件32和安装在真空容器外部的驱动部件34。 喷嘴部件和驱动部件通过同轴的薄的圆柱形部件36连接到涡轮机叶轮，并且当圆柱形部件围绕涡轮叶轮的轴线Z旋转时驱动喷嘴部件。 致动器和喷嘴驱动机构的大部分部件可以在大气压下的常温下进行安装，能够将热输入抑制到极小的水平，并且可以驱动膨胀涡轮机的可变喷嘴。 因此，根据本发明，在低温下的氦气可以以绝热的高效绝热膨胀。