公开(公告)号：US6099294A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-08

申请号：US680639

申请日：1996-07-17

申请人： Vylen Vagarshovich Azatyan ,  Alexandr Grigoryevich Merzhanov ,  Rafik Grantovich Aivazyan ,  Vladimir Ivanovich Kalachyov

发明人： Vylen Vagarshovich Azatyan ,  Alexandr Grigoryevich Merzhanov ,  Rafik Grantovich Aivazyan ,  Vladimir Ivanovich Kalachyov

IPC分类号： C01B3/00 ,  C06B23/00 ,  C06B43/00 ,  C10L3/00 ,  C10J1/02 ,  F23J7/00

CPC分类号： C10L3/00 ,  C01B3/00 ,  C06B23/006 ,  C06B43/00 ,  Y02E60/324

摘要： According to the present invention, the ignition, combustion and explosion of hydrogen-air mixtures are dependent primarily on the presence of active intermediates (free atomic hydrogen, atomic oxygen and hydroxyl radicals) that serve as chain carriers and enable the propagation of reaction chains. These active intermediates rather than thermal energy are of primary importance to the oxidation process. The proposed inhibitor molecules capture these active intermediates. This capturing in turn suppresses the reaction chains. As a result, the oxidation of hydrogen in air, including the transition to combustion, the intensity of combustion, the transition from combustion to explosion and the intensity of explosion vary inversely with the inhibitor content. Even when the amount of inhibitor is too small to prevent ignition, a greater ignition source is needed and the intensity of combustion is reduced. The transition from combustion to explosion is also made more difficult or prevented. Moreover, the intensity of explosion, if it occurs, will be decreased. Consequently, the choice of inhibitor and control of its concentration in a hydrogen-air mixture provides for a method of regulating (1) the transition to combustion, (2) the intensity of combustion, (3) the transition from combustion to explosion and (4) the intensity of explosion. The proposed inhibitors include saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons with one to eight carbon atoms that have a normal structure, an isostructure or a cyclical structure, including aromatics, and mixtures of such hydrocarbons.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明，氢空气混合物的点燃，燃烧和爆炸主要取决于作为链载体的活性中间体（游离原子氢，原子氧和羟基自由基）的存在，并且能够使反应链增长。 这些活性中间体而不是热能对氧化过程至关重要。 所提出的抑制剂分子捕获这些活性中间体。 这种捕获反过来又抑制了反应链。 结果，空气中氢的氧化，包括转变为燃烧，燃烧强度，从燃烧到爆炸的转变以及爆炸强度与抑制剂含量成反比变化。 即使抑制剂的量太小而不能防止点燃，也需要更大的点火源，并且降低燃烧强度。 从燃烧到爆炸的过渡也变得更加困难或者被阻止。 此外，如果发生爆炸的强度会降低。 因此，抑制剂的选择和其在氢气混合物中的浓度的控制提供了一种调节（1）过渡到燃烧的方法，（2）燃烧强度，（3）从燃烧转变为爆炸和（ 4）爆炸的强度。 所提出的抑制剂包括具有正常结构，异构结构或循环结构，包括芳族化合物和这些烃的混合物的具有1-8个碳原子的饱和或不饱和烃。