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公开(公告)号：US4160701A
公开(公告)日：1979-07-10
申请号：US754955
申请日：1976-12-28
申请人： Armin Dorner , Walter Kreuter
发明人： Armin Dorner , Walter Kreuter
CPC分类号： C10G9/20
摘要： A tube furnace for the cracking of organic feed stock, e.g. naphtha to ethylene, comprises a chamber traversed by at least one conduit system for the organic feed stock. The conduit system in the region of the inlet comprises a plurality of pipes which are united at an intermediate location and communicate jointly with a single pipe forming the discharge portion of the duct system. Preferably the flow cross section of the duct system increases from the inlet to the outlet end. Burners are provided in the wall of the chamber.
摘要翻译： 用于有机原料裂化的管式炉，例如 石脑油至乙烯包括由至少一个用于有机原料的导管系统穿过的室。 入口区域中的管道系统包括多个管道，它们在中间位置处联合并与形成管道系统的排放部分的单个管道共同连通。 优选地，管道系统的流动横截面从入口端到出口端增加。 燃烧器设置在室的壁上。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4819586A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-11
申请号：US144877
申请日：1988-01-13
申请人： Walter Kreuter
发明人： Walter Kreuter
CPC分类号： C10G9/20 , F28F1/02 , F28F1/06 , Y10S122/13
摘要： A cracking furnace for naphtha and other hydrocarbons or, in general, for the rapid heating of a fluid feed stack has one or more tubular elements satisfying the following conditions: d.sub.h 32 F/U.ltoreq.40mm, and D/d.gtoreq.2, wherein: d.sub.h =the hydraulic diameter of the flow passage defined as the ratio of the flow cross-sectional area to the inner peripheral dimension therearound; F=the flow cross-sectional area; U=the inner peripheral dimension of the flow cross section; d=the cross-sectional height of the flow cross section; and D=the width of the flow cross section.
摘要翻译： 用于石脑油和其他烃的裂解炉或通常用于快速加热流体进料堆的裂解炉具有满足以下条件的一个或多个管状元件：dh32F /U≤40mm，D / d> / = 2 ，其中：dh =所述流动通道的水力直径被定义为所述流动横截面积与其周围尺寸之间的比率; F =流动横截面积; U =流动横截面的内周尺寸; d =流动截面的横截面高度; D =流动横截面的宽度。
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公开(公告)号：US4014749A
公开(公告)日：1977-03-29
申请号：US463103
申请日：1974-04-22
申请人： Armin Dorner , Walter Kreuter
发明人： Armin Dorner , Walter Kreuter
CPC分类号： C10G9/20
摘要： A tube furnace for the cracking of organic feed stock, e.g. naphtha to ethylene, comprises a chamber traversed by at least one conduit system for the organic feed stock. The conduit system in the region of the inlet comprises a plurality of pipes which are united at an intermediate location and communicate jointly with a single pipe forming the discharge portion of the duct system. Preferably the flow cross section of the duct system increases from the inlet to the outlet end. Burners are provided in the wall of the chamber.
摘要翻译： 用于有机原料裂化的管式炉，例如 石脑油至乙烯包括由至少一个用于有机原料的导管系统穿过的室。 入口区域中的管道系统包括多个管道，它们在中间位置处联合并与形成管道系统的排放部分的单个管道共同连通。 优选地，管道系统的流动横截面从入口端到出口端增加。 燃烧器设置在室的壁上。
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公开(公告)号：US4260474A
公开(公告)日：1981-04-07
申请号：US82453
申请日：1979-10-09
IPC分类号： C10G69/06
CPC分类号： C10G69/06 , C10G2400/20
摘要： To obtain olefins by the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons, e.g., vacuum gas oil, by hydrogenation and subsequent steam cracking, an intermediate fractionation of the hydrogenate is provided so that the light fraction enriched in branched isomers can be used as fuel and the heavy fraction only is subjected to the steam cracking.
摘要翻译： 为了通过烃的热裂解（例如真空瓦斯油）通过氢化和随后的蒸汽裂解来获得烯烃，提供氢化物的中间分馏，使得富含支化异构体的轻馏分可以用作燃料，仅用于重馏分 受到蒸汽破裂的影响。
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5.发明授权Two-stage production of olefins utilizing a faujasite structure zeolite in hydrogenation stage 失效在氢化阶段利用八面沸石结构沸石两阶段生产烯烃
公开(公告)号：US4188281A
公开(公告)日：1980-02-12
申请号：US905486
申请日：1978-05-12
IPC分类号： B01J29/00 , B01J29/16 , C07B61/00 , C07C1/00 , C07C4/06 , C07C11/02 , C07C67/00 , C10G45/54 , C10G47/20 , C10G69/06 , C10G23/02 , C10G9/46
CPC分类号： C10G47/20 , B01J29/16 , C10G45/54 , C10G2400/20
摘要： In a process for the production of olefins in two stages wherein, in the first stage, heavy petroleum fractions are hydrogenated in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst and, in the second stage, the thus-hydrogenated fractions are subjected to thermal cracking the presence of steam, the improvement which comprises employing as the hydrogenation catalyst a zeolite of the faujasite structure combined with elements from Groups VIB, VIIB and VIII of the periodic table of the elements, wherein the alkali component of the zeolite is exchanged at least partially for ammonium, hydronium, alkaline earth and/or rare earth ions, and the elements are present in a metallic, ionic, oxidic and/or sulfidic form.
摘要翻译： 在两阶段制备烯烃的方法中，其中在第一阶段中，在氢气和氢化催化剂的存在下将重质石油馏分氢化，并且在第二阶段，将如此氢化的馏分进行热裂解 蒸汽的存在，其改进包括将元素周期表第VIB，VIIB和VIII族的元素与八烷基结构的沸石结合使用作为氢化催化剂，其中沸石的碱组分至少部分地用于 铵，水合氢，碱土金属和/或稀土离子，元素以金属，离子，氧化和/或硫化形式存在。
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公开(公告)号：US4032667A
公开(公告)日：1977-06-28
申请号：US683047
申请日：1976-05-05
申请人： Walter Kreuter
发明人： Walter Kreuter
CPC分类号： A23G3/22
摘要： Confectionery articles are coated with precrystallized, molten tempered chocolate by forcing the chocolate under pressure through a nozzle onto a veil plate to produce a downwardly descending film of chocolate under gravitational force, passing the confectionery article through said film, collecting unused chocolate and recirculating the unused chocolate through said nozzle.
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公开(公告)号：US3638553A
公开(公告)日：1972-02-01
申请号：US3638553D
申请日：1969-09-04
申请人： WALTER KREUTER
发明人： KREUTER WALTER
IPC分类号： A23G1/18
CPC分类号： A23G1/18
摘要： A method of treatment of substances containing cocoa butter, particularly chocolates, which is suitable for coating machines, wherein the material containing cocoa butter is first heated slightly above the highest melting point of cocoa butter, then subjected to a two stage cooling step whereby the material in first cooled to a range approximately 30* to 31* C. by a cooling medium having a temperature only slightly lower than this range and secondly cooling the mass to 28* to 29* C. by a cooling medium having a temperature only slightly lower than this range, and then heating the material to 33* to 34* C. and subjecting to further processing (i.e. coating). The material after this treatment is in a thermostable condition, has a substantially constant viscosity and may be stored indefinitely under stirring and when maintaining the temperature of the temperature of the material.
摘要翻译： 一种处理适用于涂布机的可可脂特别是巧克力的物质的方法，其中含有可可脂的材料首先被加热至高于可可脂的最高熔点之上，然后进行两段冷却步骤，由此材料 首先通过温度仅略低于该范围的冷却介质将其冷却至约30℃至31℃的范围，然后通过仅具有稍微降低的温度的冷却介质将其质量冷却至28℃至29℃ ，然后将材料加热至33℃至34℃，进行进一步加工（即涂布）。 该处理后的材料处于耐热条件下，具有基本上恒定的粘度，并且可以在搅拌下以及当保持材料温度的温度时无限期地储存。
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公开(公告)号：US4310409A
公开(公告)日：1982-01-12
申请号：US197377
申请日：1980-10-16
IPC分类号： C10G69/06
CPC分类号： C10G69/06 , C10G2400/20
摘要： To obtain olefins by the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons, e.g., vacuum gas oil, by hydrogenation and subsequent steam cracking, an intermediate fractionation of the hydrogenate is provided so that the light fraction enriched in branched isomers can be used as fuel and the heavy fraction only is subjected to the steam cracking.
摘要翻译： 为了通过烃的热裂解（例如真空瓦斯油）通过氢化和随后的蒸汽裂解来获得烯烃，提供氢化物的中间分馏，使得富含支化异构体的轻馏分可以用作燃料，仅用于重馏分 受到蒸汽破裂的影响。
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公开(公告)号：US4238516A
公开(公告)日：1980-12-09
申请号：US625748
申请日：1975-10-24
申请人： Walter Kreuter
发明人： Walter Kreuter
CPC分类号： A23G1/18
摘要： A method and device of treatment of cocoa butter-containing masses, particularly molten chocolates, destined for subsequent processing, particularly in coating machines, the method comprising the steps of mildly cooling the mass from a first temperature of approximately 45.degree. to 50.degree. C. which is above the highest melting point of the mass to a second temperature at which pre-crystallization in the mass is initiated, sensing the occurrence of heat-producing processes in the mass during the cooling thereof, terminating the cooling upon the occurrence of such heat-producing processes, and thereafter mildly heating the mass, without overheating, to a third temperature of approximately 33.degree. to 34.degree. C., at which the mass is ready for said subsequent processing. The second temperature is thus automatically adjusted to the lowest possible value, which is desirable for the processing properties of the mass.
摘要翻译： 特别是在涂布机中处理可可脂的质量特别是熔融的巧克力的方法和装置，特别是在涂布机中，该方法包括以下步骤：从约45℃至50℃的第一温度温和地冷却该物料。 其高于质量的最高熔点到开始质量的预结晶的第二温度，感测在冷却期间在质量中发生热产生过程，在发生这种热时终止冷却 然后轻轻加热物料而不过热至约33℃至34℃的第三温度，在该温度下，质量准备好用于所述后续处理。 因此，第二温度被自动调节到最低可能的值，这对于质量块的加工性质是期望的。
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公开(公告)号：US4210520A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-01
申请号：US905485
申请日：1978-05-12
申请人： Hans J. Wernicke , Walter Kreuter
发明人： Hans J. Wernicke , Walter Kreuter
IPC分类号： B01J23/00 , C07B61/00 , C07C1/00 , C07C4/06 , C07C67/00 , C10G45/46 , C10G45/50 , C10G69/06 , C10G37/06 , C10G23/02
CPC分类号： C10G45/46 , C10G2400/06 , C10G2400/20
摘要： In a process for the production of olefins in two stages wherein, in the first stage, heavy petroleum fractions are hydrogenated in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst and, in the second stage, the thus-hydrogenated fractions are subjected to thermal cracking in the presence of steam, the improvement which comprises employing as the hydrogenation catalyst a support-free catalyst consisting essentially of elements from Groups VIb, VIIB, and VIII of the periodic table of the elements in the form of the metals, metal oxides, metal sulfides, or organometal complexes, or mixtures thereof.
摘要翻译： 在二阶段生产烯烃的方法中，其中在第一阶段中，在氢气和氢化催化剂存在下将重质石油馏分氢化，并且在第二阶段中将如此氢化的馏分在 蒸汽的存在，其改进包括使用作为氢化催化剂的无载体催化剂，其基本上由金属，金属氧化物，金属硫化物形式的元素周期表第VIb，VIIB和VIII族元素组成 ，或有机金属配合物，或其混合物。
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