Abstract:
A highly integrated semiconductor memory device includes a substrate, a plurality of vertical pillars above the substrate, a plurality of connection lines extending over the vertical pillars, a plurality of lower via plugs provided above the vertical pillars and connecting the vertical pillars to the connection lines, a dummy connection line provided at a same level as the connection lines with respect to a main surface of the substrate, and a dummy via plug connected to a lower surface of the dummy connection line and having a different height than each of the lower via plugs. The vertical pillars, the connection lines, the lower via plugs are provided in a cell region, and the dummy connection line and the dummy via plug are provided in a dummy region.
Abstract:
A Passive Optical Network (PON)-based system and method for providing handover between Optical Network Terminals (ONTs) are provided. The PON-based system may include an Optical Line Terminal (OLT), and an ONT to relay communication between the OLT and a mobile terminal. When the mobile terminal is connected to the ONT, the ONT may transmit a WiFi location update alarm message to the OLT, and the OLT may update a Look-Up Table (LUT) in response to the WiFi location update alarm message.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a low power optical network terminal (ONT) and a method of operating the low power ONT. The low power ONT may include a network media access control (MAC) processing unit to transmit and receive traffic to and from an optical line terminal (OLT), a switching unit to receive the traffic transmitted from the network MAC processing unit and transmit the traffic to a subscriber terminal and to receive the traffic from the subscriber terminal and transmit the traffic to the OLT, and a control unit to control traffic transmission from the network MAC processing unit when a power mode is a low power mode.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method for managing a dynamic bandwidth allocation to support a low-power mode, in a passive optical network (PON) are provided. The apparatus may include a power saving mode managing unit to manage a power saving mode of at least one optical network unit (ONU), a bandwidth allocation parameter storage unit to store a bandwidth allocation parameter used for a power saving mode, and to maintain the stored bandwidth allocation parameter, and a dynamic bandwidth allocating unit to provide bandwidth allocation information to the at least one ONU, when the stored bandwidth allocation parameter is received.
Abstract:
Apparatus for displaying information from an information source, the information being indexed by nodes in a hierarchical structure, the apparatus comprising: at least one display for displaying information from the information source; a user input device for receiving a user-selectable forward navigation selection, a user-selectable back navigation selection and a user-selectable mode switch selection; and a controller for implementing a plurality of alternative navigation strategies to allow a user to navigate through at least part of the hierarchical structure using said forward navigation selection and said back navigation selection in order to display user-selected information from the information source on said at least one display, the controller being configured to switch from a currently selected navigation strategy to another of said alternative navigation strategies in response to reception of said user-selectable mode switch selection, wherein each navigation strategy comprises one or more rules defining an order in which the hierarchical structure is navigated.
Abstract:
Apparatus for retrieving information from at least one information source, the information being indexed or arranged by an indexing scheme or arrangement that defines an information hierarchy, the apparatus comprising: a display for displaying information and user selectable menu items; a user input device for receiving user selections of displayed menu items; retrieving means for retrieving information from said information source(s); said information source(s) containing information at a plurality of hierarchical levels, said information being distinct from a name of said displayable menu items; and a display controller adapted to control said display in dependence upon received user selections to display said menu items as history menu items indicating received user selections corresponding to navigation down levels of the hierarchy of said information source(s), and new menu items corresponding to information available at a next level of the hierarchy of said information source(s); wherein said retrieving means is adapted to retrieve only information corresponding to a most recently selected menu item for a current level of the hierarchy in said information source(s) in response to a most recent user selection, and said display controller is adapted to display said retrieved information for the current level of the hierarchy in a display region separate to said history menu items, whereby the only said information that is displayed in said separate display region is said retrieved information.
Abstract:
A high density plasma chemical vapor deposition apparatus includes a vacuum chamber provided with an inlet and an outlet for a reaction gas; a suscepter positioned within the vacuum chamber to mount a wafer thereon, the suscepter having a wafer chuck at its upper surface to prevent the wafer from moving horizontally; a coil antenna surrounding the upper outer wall of the vacuum chamber; an RF generator for applying an RF power to the coil antenna; and a heating unit for heating the wafer mounted on the suscepter. Since the wafer 111 is heated in advance by the wafer heating unit, which is not proposed in the conventional HDP-CVD apparatus, the previously sputtered insulation material is restrained from re-depositing. Therefore, even though a gap has a high aspect ratio, it can be filled without a void.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating and preventing inflammatory diseases comprising an ethyl acetate fraction of dried extract of Trachelospermi caulis as an active ingredient and a method for producing the fraction. More particularly, the present invention relates to a composition for preventing and treating inflammatory diseases comprising an ethyl acetate fraction of dried extract of Trachelospermi caulis as an active ingredient, in which the extract of Trachelospermi caulis is refined and concentrated to contain 0.05˜12% by weight of arctigenin as an index material, and a method for producing the fraction.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating and preventing inflammatory diseases comprising an ethyl acetate fraction of dried extract of Trachelospermi caulis as an active ingredient and a method for producing the fraction. More particularly, the present invention relates to a composition for preventing and treating inflammatory diseases comprising an ethyl acetate fraction of dried extract of Trachelospermi caulis as an active ingredient, in which the extract of Trachelospermi caulis is refined and concentrated to contain 0.05˜12% by weight of arctigenin as an index material, and a method for producing the fraction.
Abstract:
Provided is an optical line terminator (OLT) to recover packet data and a clock from an optical signal including a silent interval. The OLT may receive packet data and a clock from at least one optical network unit (ONU). Even in a silent interval in which the at least one ONU does not transmit packet data, the OLT may successfully recover the clock.