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公开(公告)号：US06327296B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-04
申请号：US09601574
申请日：2000-09-08
IPC分类号： F27D102
CPC分类号： F27D1/1816 , F27D17/003
摘要： A cooled roof for electric arc furnaces (20) or ladle furnaces (29). The roof being used as a covering element and including a cooling system comprising tubes fed with cooling fluid. The roof including at least a central aperture (25) for the positioning and movement of the electrodes (30) and at least a peripheral aperture (14) for the aspiration and discharge of fumes. The aperture (14) being connected to intake systems. The roof including two single-block cooling structures, inner (1) and outer (12), consisting of respective bent tubes (15, 16) developing according to adjacent and superimposed rings or spirals. The inner (11) and outer (12) cooling structures being associated with one another at least in correspondence with the respective bases facing towards the inside of the furnace (20, 29). Between the inner cooling structure (11) and the outer cooling structure (12) there being defined an annular interspace (13) in which the fumes circulate in an annular direction and slow down. The annular interspace (13) communicating with the peripheral aperture. The inner cooling structure (11) including fume-transit interstices connecting the inside of the furnace (20, 29) with the annular interspace (13).
摘要翻译： 电弧炉（20）或钢包炉（29）的冷却屋顶。 屋顶被用作覆盖元件并且包括包括供给冷却流体的管的冷却系统。 该屋顶至少包括用于电极（30）的定位和移动的中心孔（25）和用于抽吸和排放烟雾的至少一个周边孔（14）。 孔（14）连接到进气系统。 屋顶包括两个单块冷却结构，内部（1）和外部（12），由相应的弯曲管（15,16）组成，根据相邻和叠加的环或螺旋形成。 内部（11）和外部（12）冷却结构至少与朝向炉子（20,29）的内部的相应基座相对应。 在内部冷却结构（11）和外部冷却结构（12）之间，限定了环形间隙（13），其中烟雾在环形方向上循环并且减慢。 环形间隙（13）与外围孔连通。 内部冷却结构（11）包括将炉子（20,29）的内部与环形间隙（13）连接的通风间隙。
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公开(公告)号：US6157665A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-05
申请号：US381913
申请日：1999-09-27
申请人： Giampietro Benedetti , Milorad Pavlicevic , Alfredo Poloni , Gianni Gensini , Angelico Della Negra
发明人： Giampietro Benedetti , Milorad Pavlicevic , Alfredo Poloni , Gianni Gensini , Angelico Della Negra
CPC分类号： F27D1/1816 , C21C5/527 , C21C5/565 , F27B3/183 , F27D13/002 , Y02P10/216
摘要： Method to load scrap for electric arc furnace including at least a roof (13) associated with movable moving means (17) cooperating with second movable moving means (24), the roof (13) including at least a hole (15) to discharge the fumes (16), the scrap (22) being contained in baskets (21), there being included at least a system to process the fumes (32) connected with the chimney, the full basket (21) including at least a first position (21a) to pre-heat the scrap arranged at the side of and in proximity to the furnace (10) and a second position (21b) to unload the scrap arranged in cooperation with the mouth of the furnace (10), the movable moving means (24) of the basket (21) and the movable moving means (17) of the roof (13) being functionally associated at least momentarily, the basket (21) containing the scrap being installed in a removable manner on the second movable moving means (24) and being associated at least temporally with a covering system (29), which can be translated from a closed position to an open position, the fumes (16) leaving the fourth hole (15) of the furnace (10) being sent inside the basket (21) containing the scrap (22) through a discharge duct which connects an inlet aperture (27) included on the covering system (29) with the fourth hole of the furnace (13), the fumes (16) being made to leave the basket (21) through an outlet aperture cooperating with the bottom of the furnace (13), the fumes (16) being made to leave the basket (21) through an outlet aperture cooperating with the bottom of the basket (21) and directly connected with a combustion chamber (28), the roof (13) passing from its first closed position (13a) to its second open position (13b) in coordination with the passage of the basket (21) from its first pre-heating position (21a) to its second unloading position (21b).
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6157664A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-05
申请号：US381912
申请日：1999-09-27
申请人： Giampietro Benedetti , Milorad Pavlicevic , Alfredo Poloni , Gianni Gensini , Angelico Della Negra
发明人： Giampietro Benedetti , Milorad Pavlicevic , Alfredo Poloni , Gianni Gensini , Angelico Della Negra
CPC分类号： F27D13/002 , C21C5/527 , C21C5/565 , F27B3/18 , F27D3/0027 , Y02P10/216
摘要： System to load pre-heated scrap by means of baskets for electric arc furnace, the furnace including a movable roof (28), at least one basket (15) loaded with scrap being arranged in a lateral position near the furnace, the basket (15) being associated with a movable covering system (18), there being included at least a pipe (20) connecting the fourth hole of the furnace with the inside of the basket (15) to convey the fumes leaving the furnace (12) with the function of pre-heating the scrap, the pipe (20) being associated with the covering system (18) and able to be moved therewith, the basket (15) being associated with moving means (16a).
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / IB98 / 00428 Sec。 371 1999年9月27日第 102（e）1999年9月27日PCT PCT 1998年3月23日PCT公布。 第WO98 / 46956号PCT公开 日期1998年10月22日通过电弧炉用篮子装载预热废料的系统，炉子包括可移动屋顶（28），至少一个装有废料的篮子（15）布置在靠近炉子的侧面位置 ，所述篮子（15）与可移动覆盖系统（18）相关联，所述至少一个管道（20）将所述炉子的第四孔与所述篮子（15）的内部连接，以输送离开炉子的烟雾 （12）具有预热废料的功能，管道（20）与覆盖系统（18）相关联并且能够与其一起移动，篮子（15）与移动装置（16a）相关联。
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公开(公告)号：US6163561A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-19
申请号：US381914
申请日：1999-09-27
申请人： Giampietro Benedetti , Milorad Pavlicevic , Alfredo Poloni , Gianni Gensini , Angelico Della Negra
发明人： Giampietro Benedetti , Milorad Pavlicevic , Alfredo Poloni , Gianni Gensini , Angelico Della Negra
CPC分类号： F27D1/12 , C21C5/527 , F27D3/0027 , F27D13/002 , Y02P10/216
摘要： Basket to manipulate scrap in cooperation with an arc furnace (11) and with means to pre-heat the scrap by means of the fumes from the fourth hole (14), the basket being able to be associated with a movable covering system (16) and including a containing body, a bottom equipped with toothed lower closing means which may be momentarily opened, and lateral extensions for moving and positioning the basket, the containing body comprising a first upper part (10a) which acts as a buffer store to temporally increase the capacity of the basket (10) and a second lower part (10b) to contain the scrap, with a capacity substantially mating with the volume of the load of the melting furnace (110) which it has to feed, wherein the second lower part (10b) is associated with cooling means.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / IB98 / 00427 Sec。 371 1999年9月27日第 102（e）1999年9月27日PCT PCT 1998年3月23日PCT公布。 公开号WO98 / 42880 日期1998年10月1日用于与电弧炉（11）配合操作废料的垫片，并且借助于来自第四孔（14）的烟雾来预热废料的装置，该篮子能够与可移动的 覆盖系统（16）并且包括容纳体，底部配备有可以短暂打开的齿形下闭合装置和用于移动和定位篮子的侧向延伸部分，所述容纳体包括第一上部部分（10a） 缓冲存储器，以暂时地增加篮子（10）的容量和第二下部（10b）以容纳废料，其容量基本上与其必须进给的熔炉（110）的负载体积相配合， 其中所述第二下部（10b）与冷却装置相关联。
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5.发明授权Tapping method for electric arc furnaces, ladle furnaces or tundishes and relative tapping device 失效电弧炉，钢包炉或中间包及相关攻丝装置的攻丝方法
公开(公告)号：US5968447A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-19
申请号：US955359
申请日：1997-10-21
CPC分类号： C21C5/4653 , B22D41/14 , B22D41/60 , F27D3/1518
摘要： Tapping method for molten metal from containers (13) including at the lower part a tapping channel (14) associated at the end part with a discharge hole (15) substantially vertical or sub-vertical, the discharge hole (15) being associated at the lower part with a sliding interception device (19), wherein the tapping channel (14) comprises, associated with the walls, an electromagnetic device (17) with spirals (18) and a system for cooling the walls, wherein, during the end-of-tapping step of the liquid metal the sliding interception device (19) is activated by closing the discharge hole (15) and allowing the metal in the tapping channel (14) to solidify so as to form at least a layer which lines both the tapping channel (14) and the discharge hole (15) filling it completely, and that during the start-of-tapping step the sliding interception device (19) is activated by leaving the discharge hole (15) free and the metal which is blocking the discharge hole (15) is melted by means of the electromagnetic device (17) by varying the characteristics of the current flow.Tapping device which achieves the method as described above and comprising means (38) to feed the electromagnetic device (17) with electric current as a function of the steps of melting and tapping, the sliding interception device (19) comprising a first part (23a) with a high resistance to heat shock, corrosion and erosion and a second part (23b), positioned adjacent to the first part (23a), with high heat conductivity.
摘要翻译： 从容器（13）的熔融金属的攻丝方法，包括在下部的与端部相关联的攻丝通道（14）具有基本垂直或垂直的排放孔（15），排放孔（15）在 下部具有滑动拦截装置（19），其中所述攻丝通道（14）包括与所述壁相关联的具有螺旋（18）的电磁装置（17）和用于冷却所述壁的系统，其中， 通过关闭排出孔（15）并使分接通道（14）中的金属固化，从而形成至少一层将液体金属的排出步骤 排放通道（14）和排出孔（15）完全填充，并且在开始开始步骤期间，滑动拦截装置（19）通过使排放孔（15）离开而被启动，并且阻塞的金属 排出孔15被熔化 电磁装置（17），通过改变电流的特性。 实现上述方法的攻丝装置包括作为熔化和攻丝步骤的函数将电磁装置（17）馈入电流的装置（38），所述滑动拦截装置（19）包括第一部分（23a） ）具有高耐热冲击，腐蚀和侵蚀的能力，以及与第一部分（23a）相邻的第二部分（23b），具有高导热性。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5762127A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-09
申请号：US470453
申请日：1995-06-06
IPC分类号： B22D11/055 , B22D11/22 , B22D11/04
CPC分类号： B22D11/055 , B22D11/22
摘要： Crystalliser and method to control the deformations of the sidewalls of a crystalliser (11) for the continuous casting of billets/blooms/slabs (24), which is associated with a mould (10) and cooperates externally with a box-shaped structure (13) creating a cooling chamber (14), in which a cooling fluid circulates, and cooperates internally with the skin of the billets/blooms/slabs (24) being formed, the cooling chamber (14) containing an intermediate wall (20) creating a circulation channel (21) in cooperation with the outer surface of the sidewall (12) of the crystalliser (11), at least one upper zone (37) being included in cooperation at least with the vicinity of the meniscus and with the portion below the meniscus (27) of liquid metal, a lower zone (38) being also included and beginning in the vicinity of the zone of separation of the forming skin from the inner surface of the sidewall (12) of the crystalliser (11) and extending towards the outlet of the crystalliser (11), the pressure of the cooling fluid in the lower zone (38) of the crystalliser (11) being a function of the desired value (g1) of an air interspace (36) between the sidewall (12) of the crystalliser (11) and the skin of the forming billet/bloom/slab (24), this desired value of air interspace (36) tending towards a zero value.
摘要翻译： 结晶器和控制结晶器（11）的侧壁的变形的方法，用于连续铸造与模具（10）相连的坯料/坯料（24），并且与外壳与箱形结构（13）配合 （14），其中冷却流体循环并与所形成的坯料/坯料/板坯（24）的表皮内部配合，所述冷却室包含中间壁（20），所述中间壁（20）形成 循环通道（21）与结晶器（11）的侧壁（12）的外表面协作，至少一个上部区域（37）至少与弯月面附近配合并且与下部的部分 液体金属的弯月面（27），还包括下部区域（38），并且从成形皮肤与分离器（11）的侧壁（12）的内表面分开的区域附近开始并向着 结晶器（11）的出口， 确定结晶器（11）的下部区域（38）中的冷却流体是结晶器（11）的侧壁（12）和皮肤（11）之间的空气间隙（36）的期望值（g1）的函数 形成坯料/坯料/板坯（24）时，空气间隙（36）的期望值倾向于零值。
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7.发明授权Continuous-casting crystalliser with increased heat exchange and method to increase the heat exchange in a continuous-casting crystalliser 失效具有增加的热交换的连续铸造结晶器和用于增加连续铸造结晶器中的热交换的方法
公开(公告)号：US5611390A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-18
申请号：US470454
申请日：1995-06-06
IPC分类号： B22D11/055 , B22D11/22 , B22D11/04
CPC分类号： B22D11/22 , B22D11/055
摘要： The crystalliser (11) cooperates externally with a box-shaped structure (13) creating cooling chambers (14), in which a cooling fluid circulates, and cooperates internally with the skin of the billets, blooms or slabs (24) being formed. The cooling chambers (14) containing intermediate walls (20) create circulation channels (21) in cooperation with the outer surfaces (12) of the sidewalls of the crystalliser (11), at least one upper zone (34) being included in cooperation at least with the vicinity of the meniscus and with the portion below the meniscus (33) of liquid metal, a lower zone (26) being also included and beginning in the vicinity of the zone of separation of the forming skin from the inner surfaces (12) of the crystalliser (11) and extending towards the outlet of the crystalliser (11). By acting on the cross-section and/or conformation of at least one longitudinal portion of at least one side of the cross-section of the circulation channels (21), e.g., by providing elements to disturb the flow of cooling fluid in the circulation channels (21), and by acting on the different pressures of the cooling fluid present between the inlet and outlet of that longitudinal portion of the circulation channels (21) a desired turbulence of the cooling fluid is created which is such as to increase the coefficient of heat exchange to a value greater than 40,000 W/m.sup.2 K. The side walls of the crystallizer preferably have a thickness between 4 and 15 mm.
摘要翻译： 结晶器（11）在外部与一个形成冷却室（14）的箱形结构（13）配合，其中冷却流体循环，并与内部形成的坯料，花纹或板坯（24）的内部配合。 包含中间壁（20）的冷却室（14）与结晶器（11）的侧壁的外表面（12）配合产生循环通道（21），至少一个上部区域（34）在 至少与弯月面附近并且与液态金属的弯液面（33）下方的部分一起，还包括下部区域（26），并且从成形皮肤与内表面（12）的分离区域附近开始 ）和结晶器（11）的出口延伸。 通过作用于循环通道（21）的横截面的至少一侧的至少一个纵向部分的横截面和/或构造，例如通过提供元件来扰乱循环中的冷却流体的流动 通道（21），并且通过作用于存在于循环通道（21）的该纵向部分的入口和出口之间的冷却流体的不同压力，产生了所需的冷却流体的湍流，这样使得系数 的热交换值大于40,000 W / m2K。 结晶器的侧壁优选地具有4至15mm的厚度。
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公开(公告)号：US5933445A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-03
申请号：US932600
申请日：1997-09-17
CPC分类号： F27B3/24 , C21C5/5229 , H05B7/12 , Y02P10/216
摘要： Cooling system for cathodes, or electrodes, (11) in Direct Current electric arc furnaces, the cathodes (11) comprising a lower consumable graphite part (11a), from which the electric arc is sparked, associated at the upper part with a hollow metallic part (11b) by means of a joint (13), inside the metallic part (11b) there being included a closed cooling circuit (19) with water or other similar cooling fluid, defining an area of evaporation (17) arranged substantially in cooperation with the lower end of the metallic part (11b) and an area of condensation (18) arranged in cooperation with a desired upper area of the metallic part (11b), the area of condensation (18) cooperating with a heat exchanger (15) associated with the outer wall of the metallic part (11b), there also being included an ascending channel (14) for the steam (19a) from the evaporation area (17) to the area of condensation (18) and at least a descending channel (16) whereby the condensation descends, under force of gravity, from the area of condensation (18) to the area of evaporation (17), the descending channel (14) and ascending channel (16) communicating with each other in correspondence with the area of evaporation (17) and the area of condensation (18), the descending channel (16) corresponding with the inner wall of the metallic part (11b) and having an inferior section than the section of the ascending channel (14).
摘要翻译： 阴极或电极的冷却系统（11）在直流电弧炉中，阴极（11）包括下部可消耗的石墨部分（11a），电弧被从其中引发，在上部与中空金属 部分（11b）通过接头（13）在金属部分（11b）的内部，其中包括具有水或其它类似冷却流体的封闭冷却回路（19），所述闭合冷却回路限定了基本合作布置的蒸发区域（17） 与金属部件（11b）的所需上部区域配合配置的金属部件（11b）的下端和冷凝区域（18），与热交换器（15）配合的冷凝区域（18） 与所述金属部分（11b）的外壁相关联，还包括用于蒸汽（19a）从蒸发区域（17）到冷凝区域（18）的上升通道（14）和至少下降通道 （16），由此在gr的作用下冷凝下降 从冷凝区域（18）到蒸发区域（17），下降通道（14）和上升通道（16）相应于蒸发区域（17）和冷凝区域相互连通。 （18），与金属部件（11b）的内壁相对应并且具有比上升通道（14）的部分更差的下降通道（16）。
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公开(公告)号：US5772430A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-30
申请号：US798728
申请日：1997-02-13
CPC分类号： F27D9/00 , F27B3/24 , F27D1/12 , F27D2009/0016 , F27D2009/0032
摘要： Cooling device with panels for arc electric furnaces, which is used in an electric melting furnace in cooperation with the vertical sidewall placed above the lower shell (11) of the furnace, the furnace comprising in its lower part one lower shell (11) to contain a bath (12) of melting metal and an upper shell defined by a plurality of panels (16) comprising a plurality of cooling tubes (17), the lower shell (11) including at its outer part a metallic containing element (15), the inner refractory having an upper edge (19) located substantially at the level of the upper edge of the layer of slag (14) contained above the bath (12) of melting metal, each panel (16) including an outer layer (116) and at least an inner layer (22) of cooling tubes (17), the layers (116, 22) developing vertically along the vertical side wall of the furnace above the refractory edge of the lower shell (11) and being separated by an interspace (23).
摘要翻译： 用于电弧电炉的冷却装置，其与放置在炉的下壳体（11）上方的垂直侧壁协作用于电熔炉中，该炉在其下部包括一个下壳体（11）以容纳 熔化金属的熔池（12）和由包括多个冷却管（17）的多个板（16）限定的上壳体，所述下壳体（11）在其外部包括金属容纳元件（15）， 内部耐火材料具有上边缘（19），其基本上位于熔融金属浴（12）上方的炉渣层（14）的上边缘的高度处，每个板（16）包括外层（116） 和至少一个冷却管（17）的内层（22），所述层（116,22）沿着炉子的垂直侧壁垂直地展开，位于下壳体（11）的耐火边缘上方并且被间隙分开 （23）。
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公开(公告)号：US5743729A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-28
申请号：US798729
申请日：1997-02-13
CPC分类号： F27D9/00 , F27B3/24 , F27D1/12 , F27D2009/0016 , F27D2009/0032
摘要： Cooling device with panels for arc electric furnaces, which is used in an electric melting furnace in cooperation with the vertical sidewall placed above the lower shell (11) of the furnace, the furnace comprising in its lower part one lower shell (11) to contain a bath (12) of melting metal and an upper shell defined by a plurality of panels (16) comprising a plurality of cooling tubes (17), the lower shell (11) including at its outer part a metallic containing element (15), the inner refractory having an upper edge (19) located substantially at the level of the upper edge of the layer of slag (14) contained above the bath (12) of melting metal, at least part of the outer panel (16) consisting of a horizontal row (18) of cooling tubes (17) arranged slightly above a substantial part of the upper refractory edge (19) of the lower shell (11).
摘要翻译： 用于电弧电炉的冷却装置，其与放置在炉的下壳体（11）上方的垂直侧壁协作用于电熔炉中，该炉在其下部包括一个下壳体（11）以容纳 熔化金属的熔池（12）和由包括多个冷却管（17）的多个板（16）限定的上壳体，所述下壳体（11）在其外部包括金属容纳元件（15）， 所述内部耐火材料具有上边缘（19），所述上边缘（19）基本上位于熔融金属浴槽（12）上方的所述熔渣（14）上方的所述炉渣层（14）的上边缘的高度处，所述外板（16）的至少一部分由 布置在下壳体（11）的上耐火材料边缘（19）的大部分上方的冷却管（17）的水平排（18）。
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