公开(公告)号：US07613227B2

公开(公告)日：2009-11-03

申请号：US11901571

申请日：2007-09-17

申请人： Antoine J. Rouphael ,  John E. Hoffmann ,  George Rodney Nelson, Jr. ,  Samir K. Patel ,  James A. Proctor, Jr. ,  Daniel I. Riley

发明人： Antoine J. Rouphael ,  John E. Hoffmann ,  George Rodney Nelson, Jr. ,  Samir K. Patel ,  James A. Proctor, Jr. ,  Daniel I. Riley

IPC分类号： H04B1/00

CPC分类号： H04B1/707 ,  H04B1/7105 ,  H04B1/712 ,  H04B2201/70703 ,  H04B2201/70705 ,  H04B2201/7071

摘要： A single, common correlation filter (CF) core is provided in a receiver for recovery of data from received code division multiple access (CDMA) signals. Signals are received over CDMA channels with different data rates, where the received signals include user information such as pilot and data symbols that have been spread according to different despreading rates including tier 1, tier 2 and tier 3 rates, where tier 1 is the smallest despreading rate. The received signal is correlated at the smallest despreading rate in the correlation filter (CF) by time multiplexing delayed versions of the pseudorandom noise (PN) code. The correlated information is then demultiplexed and pilot-aided QPSK demodulated. The demodulated information is summed at the proper integer multiple of the tier 1 rate to achieve tier 2 and tier 3 despreading rates. According to an embodiment, the three strongest multipaths components in terms of the received power are selected in a window or time period for optimal information recovery.

摘要翻译： 在接收机中提供单个公共相关滤波器（CF）核，用于从接收的码分多址（CDMA）信号中恢复数据。 在具有不同数据速率的CDMA信道上接收信号，其中所接收的信号包括诸如导频和数据符号之类的用户信息，所述导频和数据符号根据不同的解扩速率（包括层1，层2和层3速率）进行扩展，其中层1是最小的 解散率。 接收到的信号通过伪随机噪声（PN）码的延迟版本的时间复用以相关滤波器（CF）中的最小解扩频率相关。 然后将相关信息解复用并导频辅助QPSK解调。 解调信息以1级速率的适当整数倍相加，以实现2级和3级解扩速率。 根据实施例，在用于最佳信息恢复的窗口或时间段中选择关于接收功率的三个最强多径分量。

公开(公告)号：US07272169B2

公开(公告)日：2007-09-18

申请号：US10957928

申请日：2004-10-04

申请人： Antoine J. Rouphael ,  John E. Hoffmann ,  George Rodney Nelson, Jr. ,  Samir K. Patel ,  James A. Proctor, Jr. ,  Daniel I. Riley

发明人： Antoine J. Rouphael ,  John E. Hoffmann ,  George Rodney Nelson, Jr. ,  Samir K. Patel ,  James A. Proctor, Jr. ,  Daniel I. Riley

IPC分类号： H04B1/00

CPC分类号： H04B1/707 ,  H04B1/7105 ,  H04B1/712 ,  H04B2201/70703 ,  H04B2201/70705 ,  H04B2201/7071

摘要： A single, common correlation filter (CF) core is provided in a wireless system using CDMA. A plurality of channels with different data rates are provided in the wireless system. The channels provided in the wireless system include the access channel, the maintenance channel, and the traffic channel in which information (e.g., pilot or data symbols or both) is transmitted at the tier 1, tier 2 and tier 3 rates. The data rate for transmitting the information is programmable by digital signal processor (DSP). A user-unique code, such as a PN code, is applied to the information being transmitted in the channels of the wireless system. The information is QPSK modulated and transmitted in any one of the channels at any data rate. The transmitted information is correlated at the smallest data rate (i.e., the tier 1 rate) in the correlation filter (CF) of the wireless system by time multiplexing delayed versions of the PN code to the correlation filter core. The correlated information is then demultiplexed and pilot aided QPSK demodulated. The demodulated information is summed at the proper integer multiple of the tier 1 rate to achieve the tier 2 and tier 3 rates. The three strongest multipaths (in terms of the received power) are selected in a window or time period for optimal information recovery. Furthermore, three outputs from the demodulated information can be provided and combined for temporal diversity. Spatial diversity is achieved by providing a plurality of antennas at each receiver and a single, common correlation filter at each of the plurality of antennas of the receivers in the wireless system.

摘要翻译： 在使用CDMA的无线系统中提供单个公共相关滤波器（CF）核。 在无线系统中提供具有不同数据速率的多个信道。 在无线系统中提供的信道包括接入信道，维护信道和业务信道，信道（例如，导频或数据符号或两者）以层1，层2和层3速率被传输。 用于传输信息的数据速率可由数字信号处理器（DSP）编程。 诸如PN码的用户唯一码被应用于在无线系统的频道中发送的信息。 该信息以任何数据速率在任何一个信道中进行QPSK调制和传输。 所发送的信息通过将PN码的延迟版本时间复用到相关滤波器核心，以无线系统的相关滤波器（CF）中的最小数据速率（即，层1速率）相关。 然后将相关信息解复用并进行导频辅助QPSK解调。 解调信息以1级速率的适当整数倍相加，以实现2级和3级速率。 在窗口或时间段中选择三个最强的多路径（以接收功率计），以获得最佳信息恢复。 此外，可以提供来自解调信息的三个输出并将其组合用于时间分集。 通过在每个接收机处提供多个天线以及在无线系统中的接收机的多个天线的每个天线处提供单个公共相关滤波器来实现空间分集。

公开(公告)号：US06801564B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-05

申请号：US09738934

申请日：2000-12-15

申请人： Antoine J. Rouphael ,  John E. Hoffmann ,  George Rodney Nelson, Jr. ,  Samir K. Patel ,  James A. Proctor, Jr. ,  Daniel I. Riley

发明人： Antoine J. Rouphael ,  John E. Hoffmann ,  George Rodney Nelson, Jr. ,  Samir K. Patel ,  James A. Proctor, Jr. ,  Daniel I. Riley

IPC分类号： H04B1500

CPC分类号： H04B1/707 ,  H04B1/7105 ,  H04B1/712 ,  H04B2201/70703 ,  H04B2201/70705 ,  H04B2201/7071

摘要： A single, common correlation filter (CF) core is provided in a wireless system using CDMA. A plurality of channels with different data rates are provided in the wireless system. The channels provided in the wireless system include the access channel, the maintenance channel, and the traffic channel in which information (e.g., pilot or data symbols or both) is transmitted at the tier 1, tier 2 and tier 3 rates. The data rate for transmitting the information is programmable by digital signal processor (DSP). A user-unique code, such as a PN code, is applied to the information being transmitted in the channels of the wireless system. The information is QPSK modulated and transmitted in any one of the channels at any data rate. The transmitted information is correlated at the smallest data rate (i.e., the tier 1 rate) in the correlation filter (CF) of the wireless system by time multiplexing delayed versions of the PN code to the correlation filter core. The correlated information is then demultiplexed and pilot aided QPSK demodulated. The demodulated information is summed at the proper integer multiple of the tier 1 rate to achieve the tier 2 and tier 3 rates. The three strongest multipaths (in terms of the received power) are selected in a window or time period for optimal information recovery. Furthermore, three outputs from the demodulated information can be provided and combined for temporal diversity. Spatial diversity is achieved by providing a plurality of antennas at each receiver and a single, common correlation filter at each of the plurality of antennas of the receivers in the wireless system.

摘要翻译： 在使用CDMA的无线系统中提供单个公共相关滤波器（CF）核。 在无线系统中提供具有不同数据速率的多个信道。 在无线系统中提供的信道包括接入信道，维护信道和业务信道，信道（例如，导频或数据符号或两者）以层1，层2和层3速率被传输。 用于传输信息的数据速率可由数字信号处理器（DSP）编程。 诸如PN码的用户唯一码被应用于在无线系统的频道中发送的信息。 该信息以任何数据速率在任何一个信道中进行QPSK调制和传输。 所发送的信息通过将PN码的延迟版本时间复用到相关滤波器核心，以无线系统的相关滤波器（CF）中的最小数据速率（即，层1速率）相关。 然后将相关信息解复用并进行导频辅助QPSK解调。 解调信息以1级速率的适当整数倍相加，以实现2级和3级速率。 在窗口或时间段中选择三个最强的多路径（以接收功率计），以获得最佳信息恢复。 此外，可以提供来自解调信息的三个输出并将其组合用于时间分集。 通过在每个接收机处提供多个天线以及在无线系统中的接收机的多个天线的每个天线处提供单个公共相关滤波器来实现空间分集。

公开(公告)号：US06521820B1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-18

申请号：US09871850

申请日：2001-06-01

申请人： Samir K. Patel

发明人： Samir K. Patel

IPC分类号： G10D300

CPC分类号： G10D3/043

摘要： A tonal adjusting device for selectively changing the pitch of one or more strings of a guitar. The tonal adjusting device includes a lever assembly with upper and lower arms that are designed for being positioned around the neck of a stringed instrument. The upper arm has dampening members for selectively engaging the strings when the upper arm engages the face of the neck of the instrument.

摘要翻译： 一种用于选择性地改变一根或多根吉他琴弦的音调的色调调节装置。 音调调节装置包括具有上和下臂的杠杆组件，其设计成围绕弦乐器的颈部定位。 上臂具有阻尼构件，用于当上臂接合仪器的颈部的表面时，用于选择性地接合琴弦。

公开(公告)号：US06963977B2

公开(公告)日：2005-11-08

申请号：US09740411

申请日：2000-12-19

申请人： Chin-Long Chen ,  Edward W. Chencinski ,  Vincenzo Condorelli ,  Leonard L. Fogell ,  Samir K. Patel

发明人： Chin-Long Chen ,  Edward W. Chencinski ,  Vincenzo Condorelli ,  Leonard L. Fogell ,  Samir K. Patel

IPC分类号： G06F7/72 ,  H04K1/00 ,  H04L9/00

CPC分类号： G06F7/723

摘要： The modular exponentiation function used in public key encryption and decryption systems is implemented in a standalone engine having at its core modular multiplication circuits which operate in two phases which share overlapping hardware structures. The partitioning of large arrays in the hardware structure, for multiplication and addition, into smaller structures results in a multiplier design comprising a series of nearly identical processing elements linked together in a chained fashion. As a result of the two-phase operation and the chaining together of partitioned processing elements, the overall structure is operable in a pipelined fashion to improve throughput and speed. The chained processing elements are constructed so as to provide a partitionable chain with separate parts for processing factors of the modulus. In this mode, the system is particularly useful for exploiting characteristics of the Chinese Remainder Theorem to perform rapid exponentiation operations. A checksum mechanism is also provided to insure accurate operation without impacting speed and without significantly increasing complexity. While the present disclosure is directed to a complex system which includes a number of features, the present application is particularly directed to circuits and methods for carrying out modular exponentiation.

摘要翻译： 在公开密钥加密和解密系统中使用的模幂运算功能是在独立的引擎中实现的，该独立引擎在其核心模乘法电路中分两个阶段工作，这两个阶段共享重叠的硬件结构。 将硬件结构中的大阵列用于乘法和加法分割成更小的结构导致乘法器设计，其包括以链式方式链接在一起的一系列几乎相同的处理元件。 作为分段处理元件的两相操作和链接在一起的结果，整体结构以流水线方式操作以提高生产量和速度。 链式处理元件被构造成提供具有用于处理模量因子的单独部件的可分隔链。 在这种模式下，该系统特别适用于利用中国剩余定理的特征进行快速求幂运算。 还提供校验和机制以确保精确的操作而不影响速度并且不会显着增加复杂性。 虽然本公开涉及包括许多特征的复杂系统，但是本申请特别涉及用于执行模幂运算的电路和方法。