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公开(公告)号：US5193077A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-09
申请号：US593518
申请日：1990-10-02
CPC分类号： G01V1/3808 , G01H3/005
摘要： An improved method and apparatus for conducting seismic prospecting is provided wherein more accurate estimates of the source wavelet can be achieved. Receivers (202) detect pulses at vertically offset locations. The pulses are converted to digital signals in a signal processor (212) and stored on a recorder (210). A processor (108) operates on the stored signals to produce an output wavelet A'(107 ,.theta.) in accord with the equation .intg.(P.G.sub.n -G.P.sub.n)dx.sub.g.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于进行地震勘探的改进的方法和装置，其中可以实现对源小波的更准确的估计。 接收器（202）在垂直偏移位置检测脉冲。 脉冲在信号处理器（212）中被转换成数字信号并存储在记录器（210）上。 处理器（108）对所存储的信号进行操作，以根据等式INTEGRAL（P.Gn-G.Pn）dxg产生输出小波A'（107，θ）。
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2.发明授权Voice messaging system with pitch tracking based on adaptively filtered LPC residual signal 失效具有基于自适应滤波的LPC残差信号的音调跟踪的语音消息系统
公开(公告)号：US4731846A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-15
申请号：US484711
申请日：1983-04-13
IPC分类号： G10L11/06 , G10L11/00 , G10L11/04 , G10L15/02 , G10L15/10 , G10L19/06 , H04B14/04 , G10L5/00
摘要： A voice messaging system, wherein linear predictive coding (LPC) parameters, pitch, and preferably other excitation information is derived from a human voice input, encoded, and transmitted and/or stored, to be called up later to provide a speech output which is nearly identical to the original speech input. The invention features adaptive filtering of the residual signal. The residual signal derived from LPC estimation is adaptively filtered, and then is used as the input to a conventional pitch estimation procedure. The adaptive filtering step uses the first reflection coefficient (k.sub.1) to realize a simple filter (e.g., A(z)=(1-k.sub.1 z.sup.-1).sup.-1. This filter removes high frequency noise from the residual signal during voiced periods, but does not remove the high frequency energy which contains important information during the unvoiced periods of speech. Preferably the above preprocessing technique is also combined with a postprocessing technique, wherein dynamic programming is used to optimally track pitch and voicing information through successive frames.
摘要翻译： 一种语音消息系统，其中线性预测编码（LPC）参数，音调，并且优选地其他激励信息是从人类语音输入，编码，发送和/或存储中导出的，以供稍后调用以提供语音输出 几乎与原来的语音输入相同。 本发明特征在于残留信号的自适应滤波。 从LPC估计导出的残差信号被自适应滤波，然后被用作常规音调估计过程的输入。 自适应滤波步骤使用第一反射系数（k1）来实现简单滤波器（例如，A（z）=（1-k1 z-1）-1），该滤波器在有声周期期间从残余信号中去除高频噪声， 但不排除包含重要信息的高频能量，优选地，上述预处理技术也与后处理技术组合，其中使用动态规划来通过连续的帧来最佳地跟踪音调和发音信息。
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公开(公告)号：US4696038A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-22
申请号：US484718
申请日：1983-04-13
摘要： This voice messaging system provides an LPC analyzer in combination with a pitch extractor wherein LPC parameters and a residual signal organized in a sequence of speech data frames are provided by the LPC analyzer as an output representative of an analog speech signal. The pitch extractor is operably associated with the LPC analyzer and produces a plurality of pitch candidates for each of the speech data frames in the sequence thereof. Dynamic programming is performed on the plurality of pitch candidates for each speech data frame and also with respect to a voiced/unvoiced decision of the speech data for each frame by tracking both pitch and voicing from frame to frame to provide an optimal pitch value and also an optimal voicing decision. During dynamic programming, a cumulative penalty for a sequence of frame pitch/voicing decisions is accumulated by defining a transition error between each pitch candidate of a current speech data frame and each pitch candidate of the preceding frame, and defining a cumulative error for each pitch candidate of the current frame equal to the transition error between the pitch candidate of the current frame plus the cumulative error of an optimally identified pitch candidate in the preceding frame to locate the track providing optimal pitch and voicing decisions based upon the lowest cumulative penalty. An encoder then encodes the LPC parameters as generated by the LPC analyzer and the optimal pitch and voicing decisions for each speech data frame for subsequent use in providing an audible synthesized speech output substantially identical to the original speech input.
摘要翻译： 该语音消息传送系统提供了LPC分析器与音调提取器的组合，其中LPC参数和以语音数据帧序列组织的残余信号由LPC分析器提供作为模拟语音信号的输出代表。 音调提取器可操作地与LPC分析器相关联，并且为其序列中的每个语音数据帧产生多个音调候选。 对于每个语音数据帧，对于每个语音数据帧的多个音调候选进行动态编程，并且还针对每帧的语音数据的有声/无声决定，通过跟踪帧间的音调和发音，以提供最佳音调值，并且还 最佳发声决定。 在动态编程期间，通过定义当前语音数据帧的每个音调候选和前一帧的每个音调候选之间的转换误差来累积帧间距/发音决定序列的累积损失，并且定义每个音调的累积误差 当前帧的候选者等于当前帧的音调候选之间的转换误差加上前一帧中最佳识别的音调候选的累积误差，以根据最低累积罚分定位提供最佳音调和发声决定的音轨。 然后，编码器对由LPC分析器生成的LPC参数进行编码，并且为每个语音数据帧提供最佳的音调和发音决定，以便随后用于提供与原始语音输入基本相同的可听合成语音输出。
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