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公开(公告)号：US5321639A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-14
申请号：US846277
申请日：1992-03-02
CPC分类号： G06N3/0675 , G06E1/02
摘要： A parallel architecture matrix algebraic processing system exhibits patterns of arrayed (i) light transmitters and (ii) light receivers that are identical, but at differing scales. Planar arrays of one or more optoelectronic processors--principally semiconductor chips or chip arrays--having both computational and light input/output capabilities optically communicate from one plane to the next through free-space space-invariant optical data distributions--principally lenses and computer-generated holograms--having both replication and distribution capabilities. Each optoelectronic processor, or OP, consists of a number of arrayed optoelectronic processing elements, or OPEs. The OPEs, in turn, typically consist of a number of optoelectronic sub-processing units are preferably electrically interconnected in a tree-based structure, preferably an H-tree. Leaf units include typically one light detector plus local memory, logic circuitry, and electrical input/output. Fanning units typically include local memory, logic circuitry, and electrical input/output. A root unit typically includes electrically-connected local memory, logic circuitry, electrical input/output, and a light transmitter. Vector results of algebraic computations and combinations are flexibly performable in the units of each OPE, and variously optically distributable to other OPEs in successive OPs. The versatile algebraic vector manipulations and vector distributions support primitive functions such as intrinsic and extrinsic vector outer products; operations such as vector-matrix multiplication; and complex systems such as neural networks, fuzzy logic and relational databases. A system of .gtoreq.10.sup.3 fully optically communicating OPEs achieves capacities of 10.sup.6 -10.sup.8 interconnects, and processing speeds of 10.sup.12 interconnects/second.
摘要翻译： 并行架构矩阵代数处理系统呈现阵列（i）光发射器和（ii）相同但不同尺度的光接收器的图案。 具有计算和光输入/输出能力的一个或多个光电子处理器的平面阵列主要是具有计算和光输入/输出能力的光学通信通过自由空间空间不变的光学数据分布从一个平面到下一个光学通信，主要是透镜和计算机生成的 全息图 - 具有复制和分发功能。 每个光电处理器或OP由多个阵列的光电处理元件或OPE组成。 OPE通常由多个光电子处理单元组成，优选在基于树的结构中，优选地H-tree电互连。 叶单元通常包括一个光检测器加本地存储器，逻辑电路和电输入/输出。 扇形单元通常包括本地存储器，逻辑电路和电输入/输出。 根单元通常包括电连接的本地存储器，逻辑电路，电输入/输出和光发射器。 代数计算和组合的向量结果可以在每个OPE的单元中灵活地执行，并且可以在各个OP中以各种光学方式分配给其他OPE。 通用代数向量操纵和向量分布支持原始函数，如内在和外在矢量外积; 诸如矢量矩阵乘法的运算; 和复杂系统，如神经网络，模糊逻辑和关系数据库。 全面光通信OPE的系统实现106-108互连的容量，以及1012互连/秒的处理速度。
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公开(公告)号：US5838242A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-17
申请号：US947501
申请日：1997-10-10
申请人： Gary C. Marsden
发明人： Gary C. Marsden
摘要： The present invention utilizes the modulation ratio between the flicker of a sensor signal and the absolute signal average to detect fire conditions. The system of the present invention requires that the signal on a sensor channel be above a certain threshold and the ratio of the flickering portion of the signal to the absolute signal average be within a certain range. The system may be applied to any sensor signal in response to any source, including, but not limited to, radiation, acoustic or optical signals including ultraviolet, visible or infrared radiation. Signals may be filtered with a median filter to remove noise. A least-mean-square curve-fit is made to the data to account for any growth or decay in the fire signal. The flicker can be calculated using any of several metrics such as standard deviation, p-norms, or maximum deviation, but mean deviation seems to provide optimal performance. The modulation ratio system can be augmented with a separate detection scheme for large-scale fires. The system can also be modified to allow for increased sensitivity in the case of a previous alarm condition. Multi-channel modulation ratio systems may be configured such that each channel's corresponding ratio and absolute signal average must meet the corresponding requirements before a fire alarm is declared. Multi-channel systems may include a form of cross-thresholding wherein the threshold of one channel is dependent upon the signal levels of the other remaining channels.
摘要翻译： 本发明利用传感器信号的闪烁与绝对信号平均值之间的调制比来检测火情。 本发明的系统要求传感器通道上的信号高于某一阈值，并且信号的闪烁部分与绝对信号平均值之比在一定范围内。 该系统可以应用于任何源，包括但不限于包括紫外线，可见光或红外线辐射的辐射，声学或光学信号的任何信号。 可以用中值滤波器对信号进行滤波以消除噪声。 对数据进行最小均方曲线拟合，以解决火灾信号中的任何增长或衰减。 可以使用诸如标准偏差，p范数或最大偏差之类的几个指标中的任何一个来计算闪烁，但平均偏差似乎提供最佳性能。 可以通过用于大规模火灾的单独的检测方案来增加调制比系统。 还可以对系统进行修改，以便在以前的报警条件的情况下增加灵敏度。 可以配置多通道调制比系统，使得每个通道的相应比率和绝对信号平均值必须在发出火灾报警之前满足相应的要求。 多信道系统可以包括跨阈值的形式，其中一个信道的阈值取决于其他剩余信道的信号电平。
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3.发明授权Optical multiplexer and demultiplexer systems and methods using interference filters 有权光复用器和解复用器系统和使用干扰滤波器的方法公开(公告)号：US07340123B1
公开(公告)日：2008-03-04
申请号：US10684007
申请日：2003-10-10
申请人： Gary C. Marsden
发明人： Gary C. Marsden
CPC分类号： H04J14/02
摘要： Multiple channel multiplexing and demultiplexing systems and methods are provided for use in optical communication systems. In one embodiment, an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer system comprises an optical filter, a first optical isolator in optical communication with one side of the optical filter, a second optical isolator in optical communication with an opposite side of the optical filter, and a light disposer in optical communication with the first optical isolator. In another embodiment, an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer system comprises a first boundary filter, a first transitional optical filter in optical communication with the first boundary filter, a second boundary filter in optical communication with the first transitional optical filter, a second transitional optical filter in optical communication with the second boundary filter, and a third boundary filter in optical communication with the first transitional optical filter. Various optical filtering techniques are disclosed which utilize filters with shifted free spectral ranges, half-band filters, or boundary filtering. These filtering techniques can be used in both multiplexing and demultiplexing methods.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于光通信系统中的多信道复用和解复用系统和方法。 在一个实施例中，光复用器/多路分解器系统包括滤光器，与滤光器的一侧光学通信的第一光隔离器，与光滤波器的相对侧光学通信的第二光隔离器，以及光处理器 与第一光隔离器进行光通信。 在另一实施例中，光复用器/解复用器系统包括第一边界滤波器，与第一边界滤波器光通信的第一过渡滤光器，与第一过渡滤光器光通信的第二边界滤光器，第二过渡滤光器， 与第二边界滤波器的光通信，以及与第一过渡滤光器光通信的第三边界滤波器。 公开了使用具有移位的自由光谱范围，半带滤波器或边界滤波的滤波器的各种光学滤波技术。 这些滤波技术可以用于复用和解复用方法。
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